Malinga ndi a zaka zana limodzi, omwe zaka zawo zadutsa malire, zakale ndizopezeka muzakudya zawo. Ngakhale ochiritsa akale ankawona mkaka ngati chakumwa chochiritsa ndikuchiza matenda osiyanasiyana. Avicenna adalangiza anthu okalamba kuti amwe mkaka wa mbuzi chifukwa cha matenda ashuga, ndi kuwonjezera uchi kapena mchere. Hippocrates ankachiza matenda enaake amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mkaka. Kodi ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mkaka pa matenda a shuga a 2? Zoyenera kusankha ndi momwe mungazigwiritsire ntchito moyenera?
Ng'ombe kapena mkaka wa mbuzi?
Kutengera ndi malo omwe akukhala komanso momwe zakudya zapadziko lonse lapansi zimapangidwira, zinthu zofunika zimapezeka kuchokera kuzinyama zambiri, kupatula ng'ombe - nkhosa, mbuzi, ngamila, ngwazi. Mkaka uliwonse ndi wofunikira kwambiri m'zakudya ndipo umakhala ndi zopindulitsa.
1 chikho cha ng'ombe tsiku lililonse chimakwaniritsa zosowa za munthu wamkulu, pakati:
- mapuloteni - mwa 15%;
- mafuta - 13%;
- calcium ndi phosphorous - 38%;
- potaziyamu - 25%.
Kunja, chomalizachi chimasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yoyera, popeza imakhala ndi utoto wocheperako. Ndi fungo linalake, lomwe limafotokozedwa ndikuti madzi ambuzi amatha kutenga ma acid achilengedwe kuchokera pakhungu la nyama. Katundu wa ng'ombeyu amakhala ndi mtundu wachikasu komanso fungo labwino.
Kodi ndingathe kumwa mkaka wokhala ndi matenda ashuga a 2? Matenda a endocrinological a kapamba amapezeka ndi kuwoneka kwa zovuta zosiyanasiyana zamkati mthupi. Matumbo am'mimba amathandizira kusokoneza njira za metabolic zowonjezera acidity ndi gastritis.
Dongosolo loyendetsera magazi limavutika kwambiri. Atherosulinosis yamatumbo osiyanasiyana (matenda amkati, venous, zotumphukira), matenda amtima amapezeka. Kupsinjika kwa magazi kumakwera, kuwonongeka kowonekera kumawoneka (cataract), kunenepa kwambiri.
Mkaka wofinya (wotupa) umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda:
Batala ya matenda a shuga a 2- kunenepa;
- chiwindi, m'mimba, kapamba;
- kwamikodzo dongosolo;
- kutopa.
Zakumwayo zimalimbikitsa kukula ndi kulimbitsa mafupa, kubwezeretsa kwa homeostasis (kuphatikizika kwina kosiyanasiyana kwa zamitsempha ndi magazi), kagayidwe kazigawo ndi kayendetsedwe ka mitsempha. Odwala ofooka amalimbikitsidwa samangokhala mkaka, komanso pazokonzedwa (kirimu, buttermilk, Whey).
Zopangira mkaka kwa odwala matenda ashuga
Mowa wofupika umapezeka chifukwa cha kupatukana. Kirimu (chidutswa chosiyana) chimapangidwa pamakampani azinthu zamafuta osiyanasiyana (10, 20, 35%). Ubwino wake wa mkaka ndiwakuti mafuta amtundu wamkati mwake ali ndi nembanemba (chipolopolo). Muli ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pamtima ndi mtima.
Buttermilk imawerengedwa ngati lactic acid mankhwala chifukwa cha zomwe lecithin (mankhwala oletsa matenda). Amapangidwa pa siteji ya kupanga mafuta. Lecithin amadutsa kwathunthu kuchokera mkaka. Mapuloteni ndi mafuta mu buttermilk amalowetsedwa bwino ndi thupi mwa okalamba.
Popanga casein, kanyumba tchizi ndi tchizi, whey amapangidwa. Ubwino wake umapezeka mu lactose, komanso kuchuluka kwamafuta ndi mapuloteni. Shuga wamkaka ndikofunikira kuti microflora yabwinobwino m'matumbo. Seramu ndi chida chabwino kwambiri chothana ndi matenda a atherosulinosis, chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa zinthu zomwe zikuchokera. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumapereka zotsatira zabwino pa mankhwala a cholecystitis.
Zabwino zonse ndi mavuto amkaka
Zinthu zamkaka zimakhala ndi mitundu yoposa zana yazinthu zachilengedwe. Amakhala apamwamba kwambiri kuposa mitundu iliyonse yazakudya zachilengedwe.
Madzi akumwa amapezeka ambiri - 87%
Mndandanda wamkaka wa glycemic ndi 30, ndiye kuti, 100 g ya malondayo imawonjezera shuga katatu magazi kuposa mafuta a shuga. Cholesterol mmenemo ndi 0,01 g, poyerekeza ndi nyama yankhuku yopanda - 0,06 g, pa 100 g ya mankhwala. 1 chikho cha mafuta osamwa wopanda 100 Kcal.
Mu mkaka 3.5% mafuta:
- mapuloteni - 2,9 g;
- chakudya 4,7 g;
- mphamvu yamphamvu - 60 Kcal;
- zitsulo (sodium - 50 mg, potaziyamu - 146 mg, calcium - 121 mg);
- mavitamini (A ndi B1 - 0,02 mg, V2 - 0,13 mg, PP - 0,1 mg ndi C - 0,6 mg).
Chogulitsachi chili ndi zinthu zopitilira zana, kuphatikizapo mapuloteni, mafuta, lactose. Ma Amino acid omwe amapanga mapuloteni (lysine, methionine) amasiyanitsidwa ndi mtengo wachilengedwe, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa chakudya komanso kuchuluka koyenera. Mafuta amkaka amakhala ndi malo ochepa osungunuka. Mafuta osagundika omwe amasakanizidwa mosavuta ndi thupi mwachangu, ali ndi mavitamini (A, B, D). Sizipangidwe mthupi, koma zimachokera kunja kokha.
Pa mulingo wazakudya, lactose ali mgawo lofanana ndi shuga wokhazikika, koma ochepera. Imagwira ngati gwero lamphamvu, imayang'anira ntchito zam'mimba zam'mimba, imachotsa njira zomwe ziripo kale. Lactose amakakamizika ku mphamvu ya nayonso mphamvu yomwe imapangitsa kupanga kefir, yogati, kanyumba tchizi, tchizi, kirimu wowawasa, kounto. Mabakiteriya amkaka otsekemera a shuga amapanga asidi yemwe amachititsa kuti pang'onopang'ono zinthu zomwe zimapezeka kuchokera ku zinyama.
Zizindikiro zake ndi:
- kupweteka kwa spasmodic m'mimba;
- mapangidwe a gesi ambiri;
- kutsegula m'mimba;
- thupi lawo siligwirizana.
Kalasi yamkaka imatengedwa bwino kwambiri kuposa mkate, chimanga, masamba. Izi zimapangitsa kuti malonda amkaka akhale ofunikira makamaka kwa okalamba omwe samadalira insulin 2 mtundu wama shuga, amayi apakati omwe ali ndi mkaka wochepa, ndi ana aang'ono. Zitsulo zamchere zachitsulo (chitsulo, mkuwa, cobalt), zomwe ndi zina mwazomwe zimapangidwira, zimathandizira kukonzanso maselo amwazi. Iodini m'thupi ndikofunikira kuti magwiritsidwe a ziwalo za endocrine azigwira bwino ntchito.
Chinsinsi Cha Mkaka
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi ichi komanso chosavuta, chokonzedwa kuchokera ku mkaka wa mbuzi ndi ng'ombe, chimatha kukhala patebulo tsiku lililonse ndimankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga. Ndizomveka kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri ya anthu ashuga chakudya cham'mawa, chakudya chosawoneka bwino kapena masana
Kuti izi zitheke, tirigu amayenera kutsukidwa ndi kuphatikizidwa ndi mkaka, mu 1: 3. Bweretsani chithupsa. Ndikwabwino kuthira mankhwala osambitsidwa monga mkaka wowira. Simmer mpaka tirigu wosweka ataphika kwathunthu. Mchere umaloledwa kumapeto kwenikweni kuphika.
Pamagulu 6 a supu muyenera:
- mkaka - 500 g; 280 kcal;
- ma korosi a tirigu - 100 g; 316 kcal.
Patsamba lophika mbale pali mitundu yambiri ya supu zamkaka, ndikuphatikiza ndi masamba (dzungu lowiritsa), rasipiberi, yamatcheri ojambulidwa. Magolo a tirigu amatha kusintha m'malo mwa oatmeal, mu 150 g.
Gawo la msuzi wa mkaka amawerengedwa molingana ndi magawo a mkate (XE) kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali pa insulin, ndi ma calories kwa odwala ena. Imodzi ndi 1.2 XE kapena 99 Kcal. Gawo la msuzi wa mkaka wokhala ndi oatmeal udzakhala ndi 0.5 XE (36 Kcal) zina.
Kuphatikizika kwa chakudya ndi mkaka ndi zipatso (sitiroberi), mutha kukongoletsa chakumwa kapena msuzi ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono a timbewu
Mkaka wathunthu, wamafuta 3.2%, nthawi zambiri umafunidwa. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amawonetsedwa kuti achepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta azinyama. Amaloledwa mafuta amkaka ochepa (1.5%, 2.5%).
Mukasunga mkaka, malamulo amayenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamalitsa. Ndi malo abwino pakupanga tizilombo tambiri. Makampani opanga mkaka amapanga mitundu iwiri ya zinthu (pasteurized, chosawilitsidwa). Poyambirira, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timawonongeka ndi kutentha. Mu chachiwiri - pali chosawilitsidwa mkaka wonse. Amawerengedwa kuti akhoza kumwa ndipo ali ndi moyo wautali kwambiri. Amadyedwa ndi koko ndi tiyi.
Onetsetsani kuti mwaphika zomwe mwagula kuchokera kwa anthu wamba. Mkaka umasungidwa mufiriji kwa masiku awiri, popanda kuwonongeka kowoneka bwino pakumwa, makamaka mu chidebe chagalasi ndikutseka. Kutsegulidwa kwama mafakitale kumayambitsa njira zoukira msanga komanso kuwonongeka.
