Shuga wamagazi kuyambira 13 mpaka 13.9: kodi odwala matenda ashuga amachita chiyani?

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Matenda a shuga amayendera limodzi ndi kuphwanya mitundu yonse ya kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi, koma makamaka kagayidwe kazakudya. Simungathe kuwachiritsa, koma mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala komanso zakudya mumatha kuwongolera zomwe zili ndi shuga.

Akafunsidwa ngati shuga ndimagazi 13, kodi amawopseza chiyani? Madokotala amayankha mogwirizana - ndi zoterezi zimayamba. Amakhala pachimake, pomwe pali kulumpha lakuthwa pansi kapena pansi, kapena kupweteka.

Mavuto osakhalitsa amadziwika ngati wodwala matenda ashuga nthawi zonse amakhala ndi shuga. Mitsempha yamagazi ya ziwalo zonse zamkati, dongosolo lamanjenje, ziwalo zam'maso, impso, ndi ubongo zimakhudzidwa.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, mwa kuwongolera moyenera, zotsatirazi ndizosavuta kupewa. Koma mukalola matenda kuyamba, ndiye kuti pakatha zaka 5 mpaka 10 mavuto amakula.

Matenda a shuga

Mu odwala matenda ashuga, shuga amalumpha chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kuchepa kwa thupi, pakakhala chithandizo choyenera, ndi zifukwa zina. Ena ali ndi chisonyezero cha mayunitsi 13 mpaka 17, komwe kumabweretsa kukula kwa hyperglycemic coma.

Odwala onse, hyperglycemia imayamba ndi magawo osiyanasiyana a glucometer. Mwa ena, kuwonjezeka kwa mayunitsi 13 mpaka 13 ndi asymptomatic, pomwe ena pa 13 mmol / l akumva kuwonongeka kwakukulu mu chikhalidwe chawo.

Kutengera ndi chidziwitso ichi, titha kunena kuti palibe chizindikiro chimodzi chomwe chingatsimikizidwe ndi gawo lovuta. Pali zosiyana zina muchipatala cha hyperglycemia, kutengera mtundu wa matenda.

Ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda, kuchepa kwamadzi kumachitika mwachangu, zomwe zimatsogolera kukukula kwa ketoacidosis. Ndi matenda 2 a shuga, odwala ali ndi mathupi okha. Koma ndizovutanso kwambiri, kuchotsedwa mu dziko lino kumachitika nthawi zambiri.

Wodwala "wokoma" kwambiri, chikomoko cha ketoacidotic chimachitika. Zizindikiro zazikulu za izi:

  • Maonekedwe a shuga mumkodzo (nthawi zambiri samapezeka mkodzo).
  • Kukula kwakanthawi kwam'madzi.
  • Kudzikundikira kwa matupi a ketone, pamene thupi limayamba kutenga mphamvu kuchokera ku minofu yamafuta.
  • Kugona, kufooka ndi ulesi.
  • Pakamwa pakamwa.
  • Khungu lowuma.
  • Fungo linalake la acetone limatuluka mkamwa.
  • Mpweya wolira.

Ngati shuga akupitiliza kukwera, izi zimayambitsa kukomoka kwa hyperosmolar. Imakhala ndi shuga wambiri m'thupi. Mlingo wake ukhoza kukhala mayunitsi 50-55 ndipo pamwambapa. Zofunikira:

  1. Kukodza pafupipafupi.
  2. Udzu wokhazikika.
  3. Kufooka, kugona.
  4. Mawonekedwe amaso.
  5. Pukuta pakamwa.
  6. Kufupika, kupuma movutikira.

Panthawi imeneyi, wodwala amafunikira chithandizo chachipatala mwachangu, palibe njira zanyumba zomwe zingathandizire kukonza.

CNS kuwonongeka kwa matenda ashuga

Ngati shuga amangokhalira kuzungulira 13.7 kapena kupitirira, ndiye kuti kuwonongeka kwa madera apakati ndi zotumphukira zamitsempha kumachitika. Mankhwala, matendawa amatchedwa diabetesic neuropathy.

Neuropathy ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa zovuta kwambiri - phazi la matenda ashuga, omwe nthawi zambiri limatha ndikadula miyendo.

The etiology ya diabetesic neuropathy sichimamveka bwino. Asayansi akadali pano sanganene zifukwa zopangira chitukuko cha zotsatira za matenda ashuga. Ena amati shuga wambiri mthupi limatupa kutupa ndi kuwonongeka kwa mizu yamitsempha, pomwe ena amati pathogenesis imayamba chifukwa cha kusadya bwino kwamitsempha yamagazi.

Zizindikiro zamankhwala ndi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe:

  • Mtundu wamalingaliro umadzetsa vuto la chiwopsezo, pamakhala zokhudzana ndi goosebumps komanso kuzizira kosalekeza, makamaka kumverera kumeneku kumakhala kwachilengedwe m'munsi mwa munthu. Chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa matendawa, chizindikirocho chimadutsa miyendo, chifuwa ndi m'mimba. Popeza chiwopsezo chimalephera, wodwalayo nthawi zambiri samazindikira kuvulala kwapakhungu, komwe kumabweretsa nthawi yayitali.
  • Kuwonekera kwamtima kumayendera limodzi ndi kugunda kwamtima mwachangu motsutsana ndi maziko osowa zochita zolimbitsa thupi. Izi zimatsogolera ku mfundo yoti mtima sungazolowere kuchita zolimbitsa thupi.
  • Maonekedwe am'mimba amadziwika ndi vuto lakumayenda kwa chakudya kudzera m'mero, pamakhala kuchepa kapena kuthamanga kwa m'mimba, komanso njira yotsekera zakudya imayamba kuwipira. Odwala amadandaula posinthanitsa kudzimbidwa ndi kutsegula m'mimba.
  • Maonekedwe a urogenital amachitika pamene mitsempha ya sacral plexus ikukhudzidwa. Ma ureters ndi chikhodzodzo amasiya kugwira ntchito kwawo. Amuna ali ndi zovuta za erection ndi potency. Amayi amawonetsa kuuma kwambiri kwa nyini.
  • Mtundu wa khungu umakhudza thukuta la thukuta, chifukwa chake, khungu limakhala louma kwambiri, limakonda kuvulala zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, zovuta zamkati mwa khungu.

Neuropathy ndimavuto owopsa a matenda ashuga, popeza wodwalayo amasiya kumva mkhalidwe wa hyperglycemic chifukwa chophwanya kuzindikirika kwa chizindikiritso cha thupi.

Zotsatira zomaliza za shuga

Zotsatira zoyipa zimayamba pang'onopang'ono. Zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu a pathologies - kuphwanya kapangidwe ka mitsempha yamagazi ndikuwonongeka kwa dongosolo lamanjenje.

Diabetes angiopathy imagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: microangiopathy ndi macroangiopathy. Poyambirira, zombo zazing'ono kwambiri, capillaries, mitsempha, momwe mpweya ndi michere zimachitikira, zimakhudzidwa. Pali matenda - retinopathy (kuphwanya ziwiya za diso) ndi nephropathy (kuwonongeka kwa aimpso).

Macroangiopathy imayamba ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi. Mapangidwe a Atherosulinotic amapezeka m'matombo. Chifukwa chake, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya mtima kumachitika, komwe kumayambitsa matenda a angina pectoris ndi kugunda kwa mtima, magwiridwe amtunda am'munsi (gangrene akufalikira), ubongo (sitiroko, encephalopathy) umalephera.

Encephalopathy imayendera limodzi ndi kufooka kwambiri, kulumala kwa munthu kumachepa, kusokonezeka m'maganizo kumawonekera, kuyang'anitsitsa chidwi kumalephera, kupweteka kwambiri pamutu kumakhalapo komwe sikungathandize pakumwa mankhwala.

Macroangiopathy miyendo imayendera limodzi ndi izi:

  1. Zovuta m'mawa.
  2. Kutuluka thukuta kwamiyendo.
  3. Kutopa kwa minofu ya mwendo.

Kenako, njirayi ikayamba, miyendo imayamba kugundana mwamphamvu, khungu limasintha, limatayika ngati lachilengedwe. Wodwala ayamba kuyenda, pali zopweteka zokhudzana ndi kayendedwe. Matenda a ululu amawonekera pakupuma.

Ngati palibe chithandizo, ndiye kuti gawo lotsiriza limabweretsa zotsatirapo - gangrene phazi, mwendo wapansi kapena phalanx ya zala. Ndi kuphwanya kochepa kwa magazi mu miyendo, zilonda zam'mimba zimatuluka.

Retinopathy imayambitsa kuphwanya kwamawonedwe owoneka. Nthawi zambiri kuphatikiza uku kumabweretsa kulumala chifukwa cha khungu lonse. Matendawa ndi bwino kudziwa kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko. Chifukwa chake, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyendera pafupipafupi katswiri wa maso, kukayezetsa ndi maso, ndikuyang'ana.

Nephropathy amakula mu 70% ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Amadziwika ndi chotupa cha impso, chomwe pamapeto pake chimapangitsa kulephera kwa impso. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pamankhwala ambiriwa, a 1 matenda ashuga amafa.

Matenda a diabetes nephropathy amapita magawo atatu:

  • Microalbuminuria Mawonetseredwe ofunikira kulibe, zizindikiro za kuthamanga kwa magazi zikuwonjezeka pang'ono.
  • Proteinuria Ndi mkodzo, zinthu zambiri zomanga thupi zimatuluka. Kutupa kumayamba, makamaka kumaso. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa systolic ndi diastolic kumawonjezeka.
  • Matenda aimpso kulephera. Mphamvu yamphamvu yamkodzo patsiku imachepa, khungu limakhala louma komanso louma, kuthamanga kwamphamvu kumadziwika. Pali magawo a matenda a mseru komanso kusanza, kukomoka.

Njira yayikulu yopewa zovuta za matenda "okoma" ndikusunga kuchuluka kwa glucose ndi glycated hemoglobin. Kuti muchite izi, perekani mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga, wodwalayo ayenera kutsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa, azilimbitsa thupi, asiye zizolowezi zoyipa.

Mkhalidwe wa hyperglycemia wafotokozedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.

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