Kuyesedwa kwa kapamba ndikofunikira kuti mupeze matenda odalirika. Kuzindikira matendawa kumaphatikizapo njira zosiyanasiyana: labotale, ma ultrasound a chiwindi ndi ma ducts a bile, radiography, biochemistry, FGDS, laparoscopy, etc.
Pali zochuluka kwambiri za izo kwakuti odwala ali ndi funso kuti ayesedwe chifukwa cha kapamba.
Zonse zimatengera mtundu wa matenda - matenda kapena pachimake. Ndi mtundu wanji wofufuza womwe wodwalayo afunikira kuti atsimikizidwe ndi adokotala.
Zizindikiro zazikulu za kapamba
Ziwerengero zokhumudwitsa zikuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa kapamba pazaka 500 zapitazi kwachulukanso ka 2. Zikondwererozi, kuphatikiza mahomoni, zimatulutsa madzi a kapamba - ma enzymes apadera omwe amaphwanya mamolekyulu ovuta a mapuloteni, zakudya ndi mafuta.
Nthawi zambiri, amalowa mu duodenum. Kutupa kwa kapamba kumachitika chifukwa cha kuyambitsa kwa madzi a pancreatic mu chiwalocho. Chifukwa chake, minyewa ya minyewa imayamba kugonjetsedwa, yomwe nthawi zina imabweretsa kutsimikiza kwathunthu - neancosis ya pancreatic.
Cancreatitis mu 50% ya milandu imayamba chifukwa chomwa mowa kwambiri. Komanso, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a m'mimba zimatha kukhala matenda osiyanasiyana, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, cholelithiasis ndi kuvulala kwam'mimba.
Matendawa amatha kuchitika pachimake komanso matenda osachiritsika.
Zizindikiro za pancreatitis pachimake amati:
- kupweteka kwambiri pamimba, nthawi zina kumamanga;
- palpitations ndi mkwiyo;
- kuchuluka malaise ndi kulumala;
- kupuma mseru ndi kusanza zomwe sizibweretsa mpumulo;
- pafupipafupi kutsegula m'mimba kosakanikirana ndi ntchofu ndi zodetsa chakudya zosafunikira.
Mu chifuwa chachikulu, zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambapa sizikukokomeza ndipo zakhala zikuwonekera. Monga lamulo, kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko cha matenda, munthu amamva ululu pambuyo podya. Popita nthawi, chithunzi chachipatala chimayamba kutchulidwa.
Ngati zizindikiro za kapamba zimawonekera, muyenera kufunsa chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu. Dokotala wazotsatira zam'mimba, atapeza anamnesis, adzalemba mayeso ofunikira kuti adziwe zoyenera.
Pambuyo pokhapokha ngati chithandizo chokwanira chitha kutumikiridwa.
Kupima magazi ndi zamankhwala amwazi
Udindo wofunikira musanaperekedwe kwa biomaterial ndikukonzekera mayeso. Malangizo akulu ndikupewa mowa, tiyi ndi khofi wamphamvu, masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kugona mokwanira.
Zotsatira zoyeserera zimatha kukhudzidwa ndi mankhwala monga ascorbic acid ndi paracetamol. Ngati, phunziroli lisanachitike, muyenera kuyeserera ndi ultrasound, x-ray kapena physiotherapy, ndibwino kuchedwetsa mayeso. Magazi amatengedwa m'mawa.
Poyamba, katswiri amayenera kuonetsetsa kuti zoyipa zam'mimba zimapezeka m'thupi la wodwalayo. Izi zimafuna kuyezetsa magazi kwa chifuwa cham'mimba. Imagwira ntchito yachiwiri, chifukwa singathe kukhazikitsa komwe kutupa kwa ziwalo kumachitika.
Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuchitira umboni kuti:
- Kuchepa kwa hemoglobin ndi kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi ndi chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa magazi kapena magazi.
- Kuchulukitsa kwa hematocrit chifukwa cha kusokonezeka bwino kwa zamagetsi m'madzi.
- Kuchuluka kwa erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
- Kangapo konse kuchuluka kwa magazi ndende.
Kuchulukitsa kwa magazi mu kapamba kumakhala ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kafukufukuyu, katswiriyo amatha kudziwa momwe thupi liliri.
Ndi kapamba, chithunzi chotsatirachi chimadziwika poyesedwa kwa magazi:
- kuchuluka kwa bilirubin, bilirubin ndi gawo la bile, kuchuluka komwe kumawonjezeka pamene ma ducts a bile atsekedwa;
- milingo yokwezeka ya amylase, amylase - enzyme yapadera ya pancreatic yomwe imaphwanya wowuma;
- shuga wambiri (oposa 5.5 mmol / l), kapamba sangathe kupanga kuchuluka kwa insulini, motero, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhala kukuchulukirachulukira;
- kuchuluka kwa michere monga elastase, trypsin, transaminase, lipase ndi phospholipase;
Kuphatikiza apo, mapuloteni onse amakhala otsika chifukwa cha njala. Zowonjezera ndi 64-86 g / l.
Mayeso a Fecal
Kuwunika kwa ndowe mu kapamba, komwe kumatha kuwonetsa kutulutsa chiwalo, ndikofunikira.
Popeza kuchuluka kwa michere yokumba sikulowa m'matumbo, njira yogaya chakudya ndi yovuta kwambiri. Choyamba, izi zimagwira ntchito pazakudya zamafuta.
Maonekedwe ampando ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi thanzi.
Zizindikiro zazikulu za kapamba ndi izi:
- Kashitsheobrazny ndowe.
- Kukhalapo kwa mafuta m'menemo.
- Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono.
- Fungo loipa kwambiri komanso lonunkhira.
- Mtundu wonyezimira kapena wonyezimira.
Chomwe chimapangitsa kusintha kwa ndowe ndizovunda zamapuloteni osagwira bwino m'mimba. Kuphatikiza apo, ndowe zimapeza chinyalala, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuzichotsa pamakoma achimbudzi.
Nthawi zambiri popita kuchimbudzi "munjira yayikulu" zimachulukirachulukira. Kutsegula m'mimba kumakulirakudya komwe wodwalayo amadya chakudya chovuta - maswiti, kusunga, mafuta ndi zakudya zosavuta.
Pakadali pano, kusanthula kwa stool kuti mupeze matenda othandizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono kapena pang'ono.
Tsopano chothandiza kwambiri ndikumveka, komwe kumamwa madzi a pancreatic.
Kuona zotsatira za kuyesa kwamkodzo
Phunziro la mkodzo ndilothandiza. Kutumiza kwa biomaterial kumachitika m'mawa, mkodzo wachiwiri umayesedwa mkati mwa maola 24. Odwala ambiri amayesa kudziimira pawokha zomwe zotsatira za kusanthula zimatanthawuza, koma ndi dokotala yekha yemwe angathane ndi kutanthauzira kwake.
Mkodzo wa munthu wathanzi ndimtundu wachikaso mopepuka. Mtundu wowonjezera wa mkodzo ukhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa impso kapena matenda am'mimba.
Kutseguka kwa nyumbayo kumawonetsa kukhalapo kwa mafinya mkati mwake. Nthawi zambiri, mkodzo umayenera kukhala wowonekera. Ngati neoplasms imayamba mu kapamba, izi zimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa bilirubin mkodzo.
Kupezeka kwa glucose m'madzi kungasonyeze matenda ambiri. Pankhaniyi, matenda a shuga, kufinya kapenanso matenda aimpso zimakhudza ntchito ya impso. Nthawi zambiri, mkodzo mulibe glucose kapena kutulutsa kwake sikupitirira 0,02%.
Hemoglobin samapezekanso mkodzo la munthu wathanzi. Kukhalapo kwake ndi umboni wa kuledzera kwambiri, matenda opatsirana okhalitsa kapena hypothermia.
Kwa ululu wam'mimba, kuyezetsa kwamikodzo kumatengedwa kupezeka kwa diastase, enzyme yomwe imaphwanya chakudya.
Zomwe zimachitika mwa munthu wamkulu sizikhala zopitilira 64.
Njira zina zodziwira pancreatitis
Kuphatikiza pa kuyesedwa kwamagazi ndi zamankhwala amwazi muzochita zamankhwala, njira zina zodziwira pancreatitis zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kuzindikiritsa trypsin yogonetsa. Chuma sichikupitilira 40%, motero njira yodziwira si yogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mu 60% ya milandu chifukwa chotsimikizika ndi umboni wopanga mitundu ina ya matenda. Mwachitsanzo, cholecystitis, hypercorticism, pleurisy ndi kulephera kwa impso.
Kudziwitsa za trypsinogen mu mkodzo. Njirayi ndiyosamalitsa komanso yothandiza, chifukwa pancreatitis, mkodzo nthawi zonse umakhala wopanda mawonekedwe a trypsin enzyme. Komabe, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kawirikawiri chifukwa cha mtengo wokwera.
Kuzindikiritsa zomwe zili mu trypsin inhibitors m'magazi. Potsika chizindikiro ichi, ndizomwe zimakhudza kapamba.
Kuti adziwe kutupa kwa chiwalo, dokotala atha kukulemberani njira zothandiza:
- radiology ya duodenum;
- Ultrasound ya bile duct kapena chiwindi;
- laparoscopy
- fibrogastroduodenoscopy (FGDS), etc.
Pokhapokha atapezeka kuti ndi dokotala, katswiri wakupanga ntchito monga mankhwala antispasmodics, m-anticholinergics, H2-blockers, enzymatic agents, probiotic (Bifidium), ndi zina zina.
Mutha kuyeserera mwaulere komanso mu labotale yolipira. Ngati wodwalayo amakupatsani mwayi wofufuza, ndibwino kuti mupeze thandizo labotale, yomwe ingakupatseni zotsimikizika.
Njira za etiology ndi diagnostic pancreatitis zafotokozedwera mu kanema munkhaniyi.
