Kutengera mtundu wa shuga ndi njira yake, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mankhwala oyenera. Itha kukhala mapiritsi kapena insulini yamagulu osiyanasiyana. Gulu lomaliza la mankhwalawa limaphatikizapo jakisoni wa mtundu watsopano wa Novorapid.
Zambiri pazamankhwala
Insulin Novorapid ndi mankhwala am'badwo watsopano omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita zachipatala pochiza matenda ashuga. Chidacho chimakhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemic podzaza kuchepa kwa insulin ya anthu. Ili ndi zotsatira zazifupi.
Mankhwala amadziwika ndi kulolerana kwabwino komanso kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu. Pogwiritsa ntchito moyenera, hypoglycemia imachitika kangapo kuposa insulin ya munthu.
Imapezeka ngati jakisoni. Chomwe chimagwira ndi insulin. Aspart amafanana ndi mahomoni omwe amapangidwa ndi thupi la munthu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi jakisoni wokhala ndi nthawi yayitali.
Amapezeka m'mitundu iwiri: Novorapid Flexpen ndi Novorapid Penfil. Kuwona koyamba ndi cholembera, chachiwiri ndi makatoni. Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana - insulin. Thupi limawonekera popanda turbidity komanso malingaliro a gulu lachitatu. Pakasungidwa nthawi yayitali, mpweya wochepa thupi umatha kupanga.
Pharmacology ndi pharmacokinetics
Mankhwalawa amalumikizana ndi maselo ndikuyambitsa zomwe zimachitika pamenepo. Zotsatira zake, kupangika kumapangidwa - kumapangitsa njira zamagetsi. Kuchita kwa mankhwalawa kumachitika mogwirizana ndi mahomoni amunthu m'mbuyomu. Zotsatira zake zitha kuwonekera patatha mphindi 15. Kuchuluka kwake ndi maola 4.
Shuga atachepetsedwa, kupanga kwake kumachepa ndi chiwindi. Kukhazikitsa kwa glycogenolysis ndi kuwonjezereka kwa intracellular mayendedwe, kaphatikizidwe ka michere yayikulu. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwambiri kwa glycemia ndizochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi insulin ya anthu.
Kuchokera pamatumbo am'munsi, chinthucho chimatumizidwa mwachangu kulowa m'magazi. Kafukufukuyu adawonetsa kuti chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu odwala matenda ashuga 1 chimafikiridwa patatha mphindi 40 - ndi chofupikirako kawiri kuposa chithandizo cha insulin cha anthu. Novorapid mu ana (kuyambira zaka 6 ndi kupitilira) ndi achinyamata amatenga msanga. Kulimba kwa DM 2 kumakhala kofooka ndipo kupendekera kwakukulu kumafikiridwa kwanthawi yayitali - kokha pambuyo pa ola limodzi. Pambuyo pa maola 5, pali kubwerera ku mtundu wakale wa insulin.
Zizindikiro ndi contraindication
Mankhwalawa amalembera:
- DM 1 ya akulu ndi ana kuyambira zaka ziwiri;
- DM 2 yokana kukonzekera piritsi;
- matenda okhathamira.
Contraindication kuti agwiritse ntchito:
- ana osakwana zaka 2;
- ziwengo kwa mankhwala;
- tsankho kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za mankhwala.
Mlingo ndi makonzedwe
Kuti mupeze zotsatira zokwanira zamankhwala, mankhwalawa amaphatikizidwa ndi insulin yayitali. Pakukonzekera chithandizo, kuyang'anira shuga nthawi zonse kumachitika kuti glycemia ikhale m'manja mwake.
Novorapid angagwiritsidwe ntchito zonse subcutaneous komanso mtsempha wa magazi. Nthawi zambiri, odwala amapereka mankhwalawo m'njira yoyamba. Jakisoni wamkati amachitika kokha ndi othandizira azaumoyo. Malo omwe analimbikitsidwa jekeseni - ntchafu, phewa, kutsogolo kwa pamimba.
Chidachi chimabayidwa pogwiritsa ntchito cholembera. Amapangidwa kuti azitha kutetezedwa mosavuta. Mankhwalawa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati pakufunika kupukutira mapiritsi. Panthawi yonseyi, zizindikiro zimayang'aniridwa. Pakakhala dongosolo kulephera, wodwalayo ayenera kukhala ndi insulin yopuma. Chitsogozo chatsatanetsatane chili mu malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa.
Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito musanadye kapena pambuyo pake. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa mankhwalawa. Mlingo wa Novorapid umatsimikiziridwa kwa wodwala aliyense payekhapayekha, poganizira zosowa zake zamankhwala komanso njira ya matendawa. Mwachilengedwe, tsiku lililonse mlingo wa <1.0 U / kg umayikidwa.
Mu nthawi ya zamankhwala, kusintha kwa mlingo kungachitike mu zochitika zotsatirazi: kusintha kwa zakudya, kutengera njira ya matenda opatsirana, opareshoni, kuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi.
Odwala Apadera ndi Mayendedwe
Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumaloledwa. Poyetsa, zovuta zoyipa za chinthu chomwe zimakhala pa mwana wosabadwayo ndi mkazi sizinapezeke. Nthawi yonseyi, mlingo umasinthidwa. Ndi mkaka wa m`mawere, mulibe zoletsa.
Madzi amadzimadzi okalamba amachepetsedwa. Mukamazindikira mlingo, mphamvu za shuga zimawerengedwa.
Kuphatikiza kwa Novorapid ndi mankhwala ena okhudzana ndi matenda ashuga, amayang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga kuti apewe matenda a hypoglycemia. Ngati kuphwanya impso, pituitary gland, chiwindi, chithokomiro, ndikofunikira kusankha mosamala ndi kusintha kwa mankhwalawa.
Kudya kwambiri popanda chakudya kungayambitse vuto. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kwa Novorapid, kungochoka mwadzidzidzi kungayambitse ketoacidosis kapena hyperglycemia. Posintha nthawi, wodwalayo angafunikire kusintha nthawi yomwe amwe mankhwalawo.
Musanakonzekere ulendo, muyenera kufunsa dokotala. Mu matenda opatsirana, ophatikizana, kufunikira kwa wodwala kusintha kwamankhwala. Muzochitika izi, kusintha kwa mlingo kumachitika. Mukasamutsa kuchokera ku homoni ina, mosakayikira muyenera kusintha mtundu uliwonse wa mankhwala opatsirana.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ngati ma cartridge atawonongeka, ndi kuzizira, pomwe yankho lake limakhala mitambo.
Zotsatira zoyipa ndi bongo
Chotsatira chosafunikira pambuyo pake ndi hypoglycemia. Kusintha kwakanthawi kochepa kumatha kuchitika m'dera la jakisoni - kupweteka, kufupika, kufinya pang'ono, kutupa, kutupa, kuyabwa.
Zochitika zotsatirazi zingachitike mu nthawi ya makonzedwe:
- matupi awo sagwirizana
; - anaphylaxis;
- zotumphukira neuropathies;
- urticaria, zotupa, mavuto;
- kusokonezeka kwa magazi kupita ku retina;
- lipodystrophy.
;Ndi kukokomeza kwa mlingo, hypoglycemia yamatenda osiyanasiyana ikhoza kuchitika. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo pang'ono amatha kuthetsedwa popanda kutenga 25 g shuga. Ngakhale mlingo woyenera wa mankhwalawo nthawi zina umayambitsa hypoglycemia. Odwala ayenera kunyamula glucose nthawi zonse nawo.
Woopsa milandu, wodwalayo jekeseni ndi glucagon intramuscularly. Ngati thupi sililabadira mankhwalawo pakatha mphindi 10, ndiye kuti shuga amaperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha. Wodwalayo amayang'aniridwa kwa maola angapo kuti alepheretse kuchitika kwachiwiri. Ngati ndi kotheka, wodwalayo amapita kuchipatala.
Kuchita ndi mankhwala ena ndi analogi
Zotsatira za Novorapid zitha kuchepa kapena kuwonjezeka motsogozedwa ndimankhwala osiyanasiyana. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kusakaniza Aspart ndi mankhwala ena. Ngati ndizotheka kuletsa mankhwala ena omwe si a shuga, muyenera kudziwitsa dokotala. Zikatero, mlingo umasinthidwa ndikuwunikira kuwunika kwa zizindikiro za shuga kumachitika.
Kuwonongeka kwa insulin kumachitika chifukwa cha mankhwala okhala ndi sulfites ndi thiols. Mphamvu ya Novorapid imapangidwira ndi antidiabetesic agents, ketoconazole, kukonzekera komwe kumakhala ndi ethanol, mahomoni aamuna, fibrate, tetracyclines, ndi kukonzekera kwa lifiyamu. Walephera chifukwa - chikonga, antidepressants, kulera, epinephrine, glucocorticosteroids, heparin, glucagon, antipsychotic mankhwala, okodzetsa, Danazole.
Akaphatikizidwa ndi thiazolidinediones, kulephera kwamtima kumatha kukula. Mavuto amawonjezereka ngati pali chiyembekezo cha matendawa. Ndi mankhwala onse, wodwalayo amayang'aniridwa ndi achipatala. Mtima ukayamba kulipa, mankhwalawo amachotsedwa.
Mowa ungasinthe zotsatira za Novorapid - kuonjezera kapena kuchepetsa mphamvu yochepetsera shuga ya Aspart. Ndikofunikira kupewa mowa pochiritsa mahomoni.
Mankhwala ofanana omwe ali ndi zomwezi yogwira ndi mfundo zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito zimaphatikizapo Novomix Penfil.
Actrapid Hm, Vosulin-R, Insuvit N, Gensulin R, Insugen R, Insuman Rapid, Insular Aktiv, Rinsulin R, Humodar R, Farmasulin, Humulin amatchulidwa kukonzekera komwe kuli mtundu wina wa insulin.
Mankhwala omwe ali ndi insulin ya nyama ndi Monodar.
Phunziro la kanema wa syringe:
Maganizo a odwala
Kuchokera pa ndemanga za anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe adagwiritsa ntchito insorapid insulin, titha kunena kuti mankhwalawa amadziwika bwino komanso amachepetsa shuga msanga, koma pamakhalanso mtengo wokwanira.
Mankhwalawa amachititsa moyo wanga kukhala wosavuta. Amachepetsa shuga mwachangu, samayambitsa mavuto, zokhwasula-khwasula ndizotheka ndi izo. Mtengo wokha ndiwokwera kuposa wa mankhwala ofananawo.
Antonina, wazaka 37, Ufa
Dotolo adamupangira chithandizo cha Novorapid limodzi ndi insulin "yayitali", yomwe imapangitsa shuga kukhala yabwinobwino kwa tsiku limodzi. Njira yovomerezeka imathandizira kudya panthawi yosakonzekera, imachepetsa shuga nditatha kudya. Novorapid ndi insulin yofatsa yochita zinthu mwachangu. Ma cholembera osavuta kwambiri, osafunikira syringes.
Tamara Semenovna, wazaka 56, Moscow
Mankhwala omwe mumalandira.
Mtengo wa Novorapid Flekspen (mayunitsi 100 / ml mu 3 ml) ndi pafupifupi ma ruble 2270.
Insulin Novorapid ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi kufupikitsa kwa hypoglycemic. Ilinso ndiubwino kuposa njira zina zofananira. Chiwopsezo cha kukhala ndi hypoglycemia sichachilendo poyerekeza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mahomoni amunthu. Cholembera cha syringe monga gawo lamankhwala chimapereka kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta.
