Kodi chiwopsezo cha kulekerera glucose ndi chiani?

Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti matenda am'mimba adayamba kale kupanga thupi, ndipo munthu samakayikira izi. Kulekerera kwa shuga wambiri ndi vuto lotere.

Wodwalayo samadwalanso, samva chilichonse, koma ali kale pakati pa matenda oopsa monga matenda a shuga. Izi ndi chiyani?

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

NTG (kulolerana kwa shuga) yokhala ndi code yake ya ICD 10 - R 73.0, koma si matenda odziyimira pawokha. Matenda oterewa ndi othandizira pafupipafupi kunenepa kwambiri komanso amodzi mwazizindikiro za metabolic syndrome. Chophwanyacho chimadziwika ndi kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'madzi am'magazi, omwe amapitilira zomwe zili zovomerezeka, komabe osafika ku hyperglycemia.

Izi zimachitika chifukwa cholephera njira ya mayamwidwe a glucose m'maselo a ziwalo chifukwa cha kusakwanira kwa ma cell receptors ku insulin.

Matendawa amatchedwanso prediabetes ndipo, ngati sanachiritsidwe, munthu yemwe ali ndi NTG posakhalitsa amakumana ndi matenda a shuga 2.

Kuphwanya kumadziwika pamsika uliwonse, ngakhale mwa ana ndi odwala ambiri, madigiri osiyanasiyana a kunenepa amalembedwa. Kunenepa kwambiri nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi kuchepa kwa chidwi cha ma cell receptors kupita ku insulin.

Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zotsatirazi zingakwiyitse NTG:

1. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi. Njira yotsatirika yophatikizidwa ndi kunenepa kwambiri imayambitsa zovuta zamagazi, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto ndi mtima komanso mtima, komanso zimakhudza kagayidwe kazakudya.
2. Chithandizo cha mahomoni. Mankhwala oterewa amatsogolera kuchepa kwa kuyankha kwa ma cell ku insulin.
3. Makamaka. Mtundu wosinthika umakhudza chidwi cha ma receptors kapena magwiridwe antchito a mahomoni. Mtundu woterewu umabadwa, izi zikufotokozera kuzindikiridwa kwa kulekerera kwaubwana. Chifukwa chake, ngati makolo ali ndi vuto la carbohydrate metabolism, ndiye kuti mwanayo amakhalanso pachiwopsezo chotukuka cha NTG.

Ndikofunikira kuyezetsa magazi kuti mulekerere pakachitika izi:

• mimba ndi mwana wosabadwayo wamkulu;
• kubadwa kwa mwana wamkulu kapena wobadwa kale m'mimba yapitayi;
• matenda oopsa
• kutenga okodzetsa;
• matenda a kapamba;
• kuchuluka kwamadzi am'magazi a lipoproteins;
• kukhalapo kwa matenda a Cushing's;
• anthu pambuyo pa zaka 45-50;
• triglycerides yayikulu;
• hypoglycemia.

Zizindikiro zamatsenga

Kuzindikira matenda am'mimba ndizovuta chifukwa cha kusowa kwa matchulidwe. NTG imapezeka kawirikawiri ndikamayesedwa magazi mukamayesedwa ngati mukudwala matenda ena.

Nthawi zina, momwe matenda a pathological amapita, odwala amalabadira mawonedwe oterowo:

• kulakalaka kumachulukana kwambiri, makamaka usiku;
• pamakhala ludzu lamphamvu ndikumauma mkamwa;
• pafupipafupi ndi kuchuluka kukodza kumachulukitsa;
• kuwukira kwa migraine kumachitika;
• chizungulire chikatha kudya, kutentha kumatuluka;
• kugwira ntchito kumachepa chifukwa cha kutopa kwambiri, kufooka kumamveka;
• chimbudzi chimasokonekera.

Zotsatira zake chifukwa chakuti odwala samalabadira zizindikiro zotere ndipo sathamangira kukaonana ndi dokotala, kuthekera kukonza zovuta za endocrine kumayambiriro kumachepetsedwa kwambiri. Koma mwayi wokhala ndi matenda osachiritsika a shuga, m'malo mwake, ukukula.

Kuperewera kwa chithandizo chapanthawi yake, matenda a zam'mimba akupitabe patsogolo. Glucose, kudzikundikira m'madzi am'magazi, amayamba kukhudza kapangidwe ka magazi, ndikuwonjezera acidity yake.

Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha kuyanjana kwa shuga ndi zinthu zamagazi, kachulukidwe kake kamasintha. Izi zimabweretsa zovuta zamagazi, chifukwa chomwe matenda amtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi amakula.

Kuphwanya kwa chakudya kagayidwe kachakudya sikadutsa popanda kufufuza machitidwe ena a thupi. Impso, chiwindi, ziwalo zam'mimba zimawonongeka. Choyipa chomaliza chosasinthika cha kulolera kwa shuga ndi matenda ashuga.

Njira Zodziwitsira

Ngati NTG ikukayikiridwa, wodwalayo amatumizidwa kuti akambirane ndi endocrinologist. Katswiriyu amatenga chidziwitso cha moyo wa wodwalayo ndi chikhalidwe chake, amafotokozera madandaulo, kukhalapo kwa matenda oyanjana, komanso milandu yamavuto a endocrine pakati pa abale.

Gawo lotsatira lidzakhala kusankha kwa owunika:

• magazi zamankhwala;
• ambiri magazi kuyezetsa magazi;
• urinalysis kwa uric acid, shuga ndi cholesterol.

Kuyesa kwakukulu koyesera ndikoyesa kulolera.

Pamaso mayeso, zinthu zingapo ziyenera kuchitika.

• chakudya chomaliza musanapereke magazi chiyenera kukhala maola 8-10 musanayambe kuphunzira;
• kupsinjika kwamanjenje ndi kwakuthupi kuyenera kupewedwa;
• osamwa mowa masiku atatu mayeso asanachitike;
• Osasuta fodya patsiku la kafukufuku;
• simungathe kupereka magazi chifukwa cha ma virus ndi chimfine kapena mukangochita opaleshoni yaposachedwa.

Kuyesedwa kumachitika motere:

• magazi oyeserera amayesedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu;
• wodwalayo amapatsidwa shuga kuti amwe kapena yankho lake limaperekedwa;
• Pambuyo pa maola 1-1,5, kuyezetsa magazi kumabwerezedwa.

Kuphwanya kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiro za shuga:

• magazi omwe amamwa pamimba yopanda kanthu - oposa 5.5 ndi ochepera 6 mmol / l;
• magazi omwe amatengedwa maola 1.5 pambuyo poti katundu wa carbohydrate aposa 7.5 ndi wochepera 11.2 mmol / L.

Chithandizo cha NTG

Zoyenera kuchita ngati NTG yatsimikiziridwa?

Nthawi zambiri, zoyambitsa matenda ndi izi:

• kuyang'anira shuga wamagazi nthawi zonse;
• yang'anani zizindikiro zamagazi;
• onjezerani zolimbitsa thupi;
• kutsatira zakudya, kupeza kuwonda.

Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa atha kutumizidwa omwe amathandizira kuchepetsa chilimbikitso ndikuthandizira kuchepa kwa maselo amafuta.

Kufunika kwa Zakudya Zoyenera

Kutsatira mfundo za zakudya zoyenera ndikofunika kwa munthu wathanzi, komanso kwa wodwala ndikuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya, kusintha kwa zakudya ndiye njira yayikulu yothandizira.

Malamulo a zakudya ali motere:

1. Chakudya cham'mbali. Muyenera kudya pafupipafupi, nthawi zosachepera 5 patsiku komanso zazing'ono. Zakudya zomaliza ziyenera kukhala maola angapo asanagone.
2. Imwani tsiku lililonse kuyambira 1.5 mpaka 2 malita a madzi oyera. Izi zimathandizira kuchepetsa magazi, kuchepetsa kutupa ndi kufulumizitsa kagayidwe.
3. Zinthu zopangidwa ndi ufa wa tirigu, komanso zotsekemera zonona, maswiti ndi maswiti samachotsedwa ntchito.
4. Muchepetse kudya zamasamba komanso mizimu yochepa kwambiri.
5. Onjezani masamba omwe ali ndi fiber yambiri. Ma Leamu, ma greens, ndi zipatso zosapezekanso ndizovomerezeka.
6. Kuchepetsa kudya kwamchere ndi zonunkhira m'zakudya.
7. Shuga amasinthidwa ndi zotsekemera zachilengedwe, uchi umaloledwa pang'ono.
8. Pewani menyu wazakudya ndi zopangidwa ndi mafuta ambiri.
9. Mkaka wokhala ndi mafuta ochepa komanso mkaka wowawasa, nsomba ndi nyama yopanda mafuta amaloledwa.
10. Zinthu zophika mkate zimapangidwa kuchokera ku chimanga chonse kapena ufa wa rye, kapena kuwonjezera kwa chinangwa.
11. Kuchokera ku mbewu monga chimanga kuti mukonde barele wa pearl, buckwheat, mpunga wa bulauni.
12. Chepetsani kwambiri pasitala wamkulu, semolina, oatmeal, mpunga woboola.

Pewani kufa ndi njala komanso kudya kwambiri, komanso kudya zakudya zochepa zopatsa mphamvu. Zakudya za calorie za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kukhala mumitundu 1600-2000 kcal, pomwe zovuta zamapangidwe amafuta zimakhala 50%, mafuta pafupifupi 30% ndi 20% pazinthu zama protein. Ngati pali matenda a impso, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni kumachepetsedwa.

Masewera olimbitsa thupi

Mfundo ina yofunika yothandizira ndi kuchita zolimbitsa thupi. Kuti muchepetse kunenepa, muyenera kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwambiri, kuwonjezera apo, izi zikuthandizani kuchepetsa shuga.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumathandizira njira zama metabolic, kusintha magazi, kumalimbitsa mtima makoma ndi minofu ya mtima. Izi zimalepheretsa kukula kwa atherosulinosis ndi matenda a mtima.

Chofunikira kwambiri pakulimbitsa thupi chizikhala masewera olimbitsa thupi. Amatsogolera kukuwonjezeka kwa kugunda kwa mtima, chifukwa chomwe kusweka kwama cell kwamphamvu.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda oopsa ndi ma pathologies a mtima, magulu ocheperako kwambiri amakhala oyenera. Kuyenda pang'onopang'ono, kusambira, masewera olimbitsa thupi osavuta, ndiye kuti, chilichonse chomwe sichimabweretsa kukakamizidwa ndikuwoneka kufupika kapena kupweteka mumtima.

Kwa anthu athanzi, makalasi ayenera kusankha kwambiri. Kuthamanga, kudumpha chingwe, kukwera njinga, kudumphadumpha kapena kusewera, kuvina, masewera amtimu ndi koyenera. Zida zolimbitsa thupi ziyenera kupangidwa m'njira yoti zolimbitsa thupi zambiri zizikhala ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Mkhalidwe waukulu ndikuchitika pafupipafupi kwamakalasi. Ndikwabwino kupatula mphindi 30-60 tsiku lililonse pamasewera kuposa kuchita maola awiri kapena atatu kamodzi pa sabata.

Ndikofunikira kuwunika bwino. Maonekedwe a chizungulire, mseru, ululu, zizindikiro za matenda oopsa ziyenera kukhala chizindikiro chochepetsa kuchuluka kwa katundu.

Mankhwala

Popanda zotsatira kuchokera kuzakudya ndi zamasewera, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndikofunikira.

Mankhwala oterewa akhoza kulembedwa:

• Glucophage - amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikuletsa kuyamwa kwa chakudya chamagulu, kumapereka zotsatira zabwino kuphatikiza ndi chakudya chamagulu;
• Metformin - imachepetsa njala ndi shuga, imalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa chakudya komanso kupanga insulin;
• Acarbose - amachepetsa shuga;
• Siofor - imakhudza kupanga kwa insulini komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga, kumachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala okhala ndi chakudya

Ngati ndi kotheka, mankhwala amathandizidwa kuti azithamanga magazi komanso kubwezeretsanso mtima.

Kupewa matenda a prediabetes:

• pitani kwa dokotala pamene zizindikiro zoyambira zamatenda zimakula;
• kutenga mayeso ololera wa glucose miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse;
• pamaso pa ovary ya polycystic ndi kupezeka kwa matenda osokoneza bongo, kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga kuyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi;
• kupatula mowa ndi kusuta;
• kutsatira malamulo azakudya;
• patsani nthawi yochita zolimbitsa thupi mokhazikika;
• yang'anani kulemera kwanu, ngati kuli kotheka, chotsani mapaundi owonjezera;
• osadzilimbitsa-mankhwala onse ayenera kumwedwa pokhapokha ngati mwalandira dokotala.

Zolemba pa kanema za prediabetes komanso momwe mungachitire:

Kusintha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zovuta za carbohydrate metabolism, ndikuyamba kwakanthawi kachipatala ndikutsatira malangizo onse a dokotala, ndikofunikira kuwongolera. Kupanda kutero, chiopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga chikuwonjezeka kwambiri.