Zomwe Zimayambitsa Matenda A shuga

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda ovuta kwambiri omwe ndi ovuta kuchiza. Ndi kukula kwake mthupi, kumakhala kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya ndi kuchepa kwa kapangidwe ka insulin ndi kapamba, chifukwa chake shuga amasiya kumizidwa ndi maselo ndikukhazikika m'magazi momwe amapangira zinthu zam'magazi. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimayamba, asayansi sanathebe kukhazikitsa. Koma adazindikira zomwe zingayambitse matenda a shuga omwe angayambitse matendawa kwa anthu achikulire ndi achinyamata.

Mawu ochepa ponena za matenda

Musanaganize zopewa zomwe zingayambitse matenda ashuga, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti matendawa ali ndi mitundu iwiri, ndipo aliyense wa iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe ake. Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amadziwika ndi kusintha kwamthupi mthupi, momwe simumapezeka kagayidwe kazakudya kokha, komanso magwiridwe antchito a kapamba amasokonezedwa. Pazifukwa zina, maselo ake amasiya kutulutsa insulin yokwanira, chifukwa choti shuga, yomwe imalowa m'thupi ndi chakudya, siziwumitsidwa mwa njira za cleavage ndipo, chifukwa chake, singatengeke ndi maselo.

Type 2 shuga mellitus ndimatenda pa chitukuko chomwe magwiridwe ake a kapamba amasungidwa, koma chifukwa cha vuto la metabolic, maselo amthupi amataya chidwi chawo ndi insulin. Poona izi, shuga amasiya kutumizidwa m'maselo ndikukhazikika m'magazi.

Koma ziribe kanthu momwe njira zimakhalira ndi matenda a shuga, zotsatira za matendawa ndi amodzi - kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, komwe kumabweretsa mavuto akulu azaumoyo.

Mavuto ambiri a matendawa ndi awa:

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Madzi Akuluakulu a shuga

• hyperglycemia - kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kupitirira malire abwinobwino (kupitirira 7 mmol / l);
• hypoglycemia - kuchepa kwa glucose m'magazi kunja kwa mtundu wamba (pansipa 3.3 mmol / l);
• hyperglycemic chikomokere - kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pamwamba pa 30 mmol / l;
• hypoglycemic chikomokere - kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi pansi pa 2.1 mmol / l;
• matenda ashuga - kuchepa kumverera kwa malekezero apansi ndi kuwonongeka kwawo;
• matenda ashuga retinopathy - utachepa mawonekedwe acuity;
• thrombophlebitis - mapangidwe a zolembera m'makoma amitsempha yamagazi;
• matenda oopsa - kuthamanga kwa magazi;
• gangrene - necrosis wa zimakhala za m'munsi malekezero a pambuyo pake kukula kwa abscess;
• stroke ndi myocardial infaration.

Matenda a shuga

Izi ndizotengera zovuta zonse zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kukula kwa shuga kwa munthu wazaka zilizonse. Kuti tipewe matendawa, ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga komanso zomwe kupewa kumapangitsanso.

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga ndi omwe umabweretsa chiopsezo

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga a mellitus (T1DM) umapezeka kwambiri mwa ana ndi achinyamata azaka za 20-30. Amakhulupirira kuti zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitukuko chake chikhale:

• kubadwa mwabadwa;
• matenda opatsirana;
• kuledzera kwa thupi;
• kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi;
• zopsinjika pafupipafupi.

Kudziletsa

Kumayambiriro kwa T1DM, kudziwiratu kwamtsogolo kumatenga gawo lalikulu. Ngati m'modzi m'banjamo akudwala matendawa, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo cha m'badwo wotsatira chiri pafupi 10-20%.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti pankhaniyi sitikunena za chinthu chokhazikika, koma za kukonzeratu. Ndiye kuti, ngati mayi kapena bambo akudwala matenda amtundu 1, izi sizitanthauza kuti ana awo nawonso adzapezeka ndi matendawa. Izi zikusonyeza kuti ngati munthu sachita zodzitetezera ndikukhala ndi moyo wosayenera, ndiye kuti ali ndi chiwopsezo chokhala ndi matenda ashuga pakatha zaka zochepa.

Mukazindikira matenda a shuga kwa makolo onse awiri nthawi imodzi, kuopsa kwa matenda mwa ana awo kumawonjezeka kangapo

Komabe, pankhaniyi, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ngati makolo onse ali ndi matenda a shuga nthawi imodzi, ndiye kuti kupezeka kwake kwa mwana wawo kumakulitsidwa kwambiri. Ndipo nthawi zambiri pamachitika izi, matendawa amapezeka mwa ana adakali achichepere, ngakhale sanakhale ndi zizolowezi zoyipa ndipo amakhala moyo wokangalika.

Matenda a virus

Matenda a virus ndi chifukwa china chomwe matenda amtundu wa 1 amatha. Makamaka oopsa pamenepa ndi matenda monga mamps ndi rubella. Kwa zaka zambiri asayansi atsimikizira kuti matendawa amakhudza kwambiri ntchito ya kapamba ndipo amachititsa kuti maselo ake awonongeke, motero amachepetsa insulin m'magazi.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti sizingogwira ntchito kwa ana obadwa kale, komanso kwa iwo amene akadali m'mimba. Matenda aliwonse omwe amayi omwe ali ndi pakati amatha kukhala nawo angayambitse kukula kwa matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba mwa mwana wake.

Kuledzera kwamthupi

Anthu ambiri amagwira ntchito m'mafakitale ndi mabizinesi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, zotsatira zake zomwe zimawononga ntchito ya chamoyo chonse, kuphatikiza magwiridwe antchito a kapamba.

Chemotherapy, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana a oncological, imathandizanso maselo amthupi, chifukwa chake, machitidwe awo amatithandizanso kangapo kwa matenda ashuga amtundu 1.

Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi

Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga 1. Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku zamunthu wamakono zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri ndi chakudya chamagulu, zomwe zimayika katundu pazinthu zamagaya, kuphatikizapo kapamba. Popita nthawi, maselo ake amawonongeka ndipo kuphatikizira kwa insulin kumavulala.

Zakudya zopanda pake ndizowopsa osati kungotulutsa kunenepa, komanso kuphwanya kapamba

Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, matenda ashuga amtundu wa 1 amatha kukhala mwa ana azaka za 1-2. Ndipo chifukwa cha izi ndikuyambitsa koyambirira kwa mkaka wa ng'ombe ndi mbewu za chimanga m'zakudya za mwana.

Kupsinjika pafupipafupi

Kupanikizika ndimayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo T1DM. Ngati munthu akumana ndi zovuta, adrenaline yambiri imapangidwa m'thupi lake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga azithamanga mofulumira, zomwe zimapangitsa hypoglycemia. Matendawa ndi osakhalitsa, koma ngati zimachitika mwadongosolo, kuopsa kwa matenda ashuga 1 kumawonjezeka kangapo.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga ndi zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, mtundu wa 2 shuga mellitus (T2DM) umayamba chifukwa chakuchepa kwa chidwi cha maselo kupita ku insulin. Izi zitha kuchitika pazifukwa zingapo:

• kubadwa mwabadwa;
• kusintha kokhudza thupi;
• kunenepa
• matenda ashuga.

Kudziletsa

Popanga T2DM, cholowa cham'tsogolo chimagwira ntchito yayikulu kuposa T1DM. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, kuopsa kwa matendawa mu ana pamenepa ndi 50% ngati matenda amtundu wa 2 adapezeka mwa mayi wokha, ndipo 80% ngati matendawa adapezeka mwachangu mwa makolo onse awiri.

Makolo akamapezeka kuti ali ndi T2DM, mwayi wokhala ndi mwana wodwala umakulirakulira kuposa T1DM

Zosintha zokhudzana ndi zaka m'thupi

Madokotala amati T2DM ndi matenda a okalamba, chifukwa ndi omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Chomwe chimapangitsa izi ndizosintha mthupi. Tsoka ilo, chifukwa cha ukalamba, mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zamkati ndi zakunja, ziwalo zamkati "zimatha" ndipo magwiridwe akewo ndi opuwala. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi zaka, anthu ambiri amakumana ndi matenda oopsa, zomwe zimawonjezera chiwopsezo chotenga T2DM.

Kunenepa kwambiri

Kunenepa kwambiri ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha chitukuko cha T2DM mwa okalamba ndi achinyamata. Cholinga cha izi ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwamafuta m'maselo a thupi, chifukwa chomwe amayamba kupeza mphamvu kuchokera pamenepo, ndipo shuga amakhala wosafunikira kwa iwo. Chifukwa chake, ndi kunenepa kwambiri, maselo amasiya kuyamwa glucose, ndipo amakhazikika m'magazi. Ndipo ngati munthu akakhala ndi thupi lochulukirapo amakhalanso ndi moyo wamtopola, izi zimalimbikitsanso mwayi wa matenda ashuga a 2 msinkhu uliwonse.

Kunenepa kwambiri kumayambitsa kuwoneka osati T2DM kokha, komanso mavuto ena azaumoyo.

Matenda a shuga

Matenda a shuga a Gestational amatchedwanso "matenda ashuga" ndi madokotala, chifukwa amayamba nthawi yomweyo. Kupezeka kwake kumachitika chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa mahomoni m'thupi ndi zochitika zochulukirapo za kapamba (amayenera kugwira ntchito "ziwiri"). Chifukwa kuchuluka kwazinthu zambiri, zimatopa ndikusiya kutulutsa insulini mokwanira.

Pambuyo pobadwa, matendawa amachoka, koma amasiya chizindikiro chachikulu pa thanzi la mwana. Chifukwa chakuti zikondamoyo za mayi zimaleka kutulutsa insulin mokwanira, zikondamoyo za mwana zimayamba kugwira ntchito mopitilira muyeso, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa maselo ake. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi chitukuko cha matenda osokoneza bongo, chiwopsezo cha kunenepa kwambiri kwa mwana wosabadwa chikukula, chomwe chikuwonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a shuga a 2.

Kupewa

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe atha kupewedwa mosavuta. Kuti tichite izi, ndikwanira mopewa kupewa zomwe zikuphatikiza izi:

• Zakudya zoyenera. Zakudya zaumunthu ziyenera kuphatikizapo mavitamini, michere ndi mapuloteni ambiri. Mafuta ndi chakudya chamagulu amakhalanso ayenera kupezeka m'zakudya, chifukwa popanda iwo thupi silingagwire ntchito bwino, koma modekha. Makamaka wina ayenera kusamala chakudya chamafuta am'mimba komanso trans mafuta, chifukwa ndi chifukwa chachikulu chakuwonekera kwa kunenepa kwambiri kwa thupi komanso kupititsa patsogolo shuga. Ponena za makanda, makolo ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti zakudya zomwe zapezedwa ndizothandiza mthupi lawo. Ndipo ndi mwezi uti womwe ungaperekedwe kwa mwana, mutha kudziwa kuchokera kwa adokotala.
• Moyo wokangalika. Ngati mumanyalanyaza zamasewera ndikukhala ndi moyo wamtopola, mutha "kupeza" shuga mosavuta. Zochita za anthu zimathandizira kuwotchera msanga kwamafuta ndi kuwononga mphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa glucose pama cell. Mwa anthu omwe amangokhala, kagayidwe kamachepetsa, chifukwa chomwe chiopsezo chokhala ndi shuga chikuwonjezeka.
• Yang'anirani shuga yanu yamagazi pafupipafupi. Makamaka lamuloli limagwira ntchito kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chibadwa cha matendawa, komanso anthu omwe ali ndi "zaka 50". Kuti muwunikire kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, simuyenera kupita kuchipatala kukayezetsa nthawi zonse. Ndikokwanira kungogula glucometer ndikudziyesa nokha magazi kunyumba.

Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti matenda ashuga ndi matenda omwe sangathe kuchiritsidwa. Ndi chitukuko chake, muyenera kumamwa mankhwala nthawi zonse ndikupanga jakisoni wa insulin. Chifukwa chake, ngati simukufuna kukhala ndi mantha chifukwa cha thanzi lanu, khalani ndi moyo wathanzi komanso chithandizirani panthawi yake matenda anu. Iyi ndiye njira yokhayo yoletsa kuyambika kwa matenda ashuga ndikukhalanso ndi thanzi lanu kwa zaka zikubwerazi!