Kugonjetsedwa kwamitsempha yayikulu yamagazi kumawonedwa ndi madokotala monga atherosulinosis. Mwa anthu omwe alibe endocrinological pancreatic matenda, kusintha kwa atherosulinotic kumapezeka popanda kusiyana kwakatundu. Macroangiopathy mu matenda a shuga ndizofala kwambiri ndipo amakula zaka makumi angapo m'mbuyomu. Momwe mungazindikire zisonyezo zakuopsa? Kodi pali njira ina yopewera? Kodi matenda amitsempha amathandizira bwanji?
Chinsinsi cha chiyambi cha angiopathy
Zoyipa, kwanthawi yayitali, zotsatira za shuga pamthupi zimadziwoneka ngati mawonekedwe osachedwa kuchepa - angiopathy (kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi). Mawonekedwe owopsa a matenda a endocrinological amaphatikizapo zochitika zadzidzidzi ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa shuga m'magazi (hypoglycemia) kapena kuchuluka kwake kosalekeza (ketoacidosis), chikomokere.
Mitsempha yamagazi imalowa mu thupi lonse. Chifukwa cha kusiyana komwe kulipo mu calibire yawo (yayikulu ndi yaying'ono), macro- ndi microangiopathy amadziwika. Makoma a mitsempha ndi capillaries ndi ofewa komanso owonda, amakhudzidwa chimodzimodzi ndi shuga wambiri.
Kulowa m'mitsempha yamagazi, organic nkhani imapanga poizoni wa mankhwala omwe ali ovulaza maselo ndi zimakhala. Kusintha kumachitika komwe kumayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa magwiridwe antchito a ziwalo. Choyamba, macroangiopathy mu matenda a shuga amakhudza mtima, ubongo, miyendo; microangiopathy - impso, maso, mapazi.
Kuphatikiza pa shuga wambiri, mitsempha yamagazi imawononga cholesterol ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa chifukwa cha kusuta kwa wodwalayo kapena anthu ena omwe amakhala nawo pafupi. Misewu yamagazi imatsekeka ndi cholesterol plaques. Mwa odwala matenda ashuga, ziwiya zimaphulika kawiri (glucose ndi cholesterol). Wosuta amadziwonetsera yekha zinthu zitatu zowonongeka. Ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda a atherosulinosis, osachepera munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga.
Popeza zimasungidwa pamakoma a mtima, cholesterol imayamba kuchepa magazi
Kuthamanga kwa magazi (BP) kumapangitsanso kuwonongeka kwa minofu yomwe ili mkati mwa chotengera (aorta, mitsempha). Mipata imapangika pakati pa maselo, khoma limakhala lololeka, komanso mawonekedwe a kutupa. Kuphatikiza pa cholesterol plaque, mabala amapanga mawonekedwe pazenera zomwe zimakhudzidwa. Ma neoplasms amatha pang'ono kuletsa kwathunthu lumen m'matumba. Pali mtundu wapadera wammenya - hemorrhagic kapena matenda a m'magazi.
Matenda a shuga a macroangiopathy kapena kupendekera kwamatumbo akulu amadziwika ndi matenda amtundu wa 2. Monga lamulo, wodwalayo ali ndi zaka zopitilira 40 ndipo kusintha kwachilengedwe kwamitsempha kwam'mimba kumayambitsa zovuta za matenda ashuga. Ndikosatheka kutembenuzira njira kumbali ina, koma mapangidwe a minofu yochepa amatha kuyimitsidwa.
Udindo wa chinthu china chotsogolera pakupanga mitundu yonse ya angiopathies sichimveka bwino - chibadwa chamtsogolo cha matenda amtima.
Zizindikiro za macroangiopathy
Odwala omwe ali ndi atherosulinosis amawoneka okalamba kuposa zaka zawo, akudwala kunenepa kwambiri. Amakhala ndi zikaso zachikasu pamapewa komanso m'maso - mawonekedwe a cholesterol. Odwala, kuphipha kwamitsempha yaikazi ndi ya popliteal kumafooka, osapezeka kwathunthu, kupweteka kwa minofu ya ng'ombe kumawoneka poyenda komanso patapita kanthawi atasiya. Matendawa amaphatikizidwa ndi kudalirana kwapang'onopang'ono. Kuti apange matenda olondola, akatswiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira ya angiography.
Magawo otsatirawa adasiyanitsidwa pakukula kwa macro- ndi microangiopathy yam'munsi yotsika:
- preclinical;
- zothandiza;
- organic
- zilonda zam'mimba;
- achifwamba.
Gawo loyamba limatchulidwanso kuti asymptomatic kapena metabolic, popeza ngakhale malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mayeso ogwira ntchito, kuphwanya malamulo sikuwoneka. Gawo lachiwiri lili ndi zizindikiro zazikulu zakuchipatala. Mothandizidwa ndi chithandizo, zovuta zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito nawo zimatha kusintha.
Ndi gawo la organic komanso kusintha kwasintha pambuyo pake sikungasinthe
Kuchepetsa mtsempha wamagazi komwe kumadyetsa chiwalo china kumatsogolera ku ischemia (magazi m'deralo). Zochitika zoterezi nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa m'chigawo cha mtima. Kupindika kwamtsempha komwe kumachitika kumayambitsa kugunda kwa angina. Odwala amazindikira kupweteka kumbuyo kwa sternum, kusinthasintha kwa mtima.
Khungu ladzidzidzi la mtima likasokoneza minyewa. Tissue necrosis imachitika (necrosis of organ site) ndi myocardial infarction. Anthu omwe adadwala matendawa amadwala matenda a mtima. Opaleshoni yam'mimba amatha kusintha kwambiri moyo wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amitsempha yamagazi.
Atherosclerosis ya mitsempha ya ubongo limodzi ndi chizungulire, kupweteka, kuwonongeka kwa kukumbukira. Vuto loti sitiroko limachitika pakakhala kuphwanya kwa magazi ku ubongo. Ngati "kuwomba" munthu kumakhalabe wamoyo, ndiye kuti pamakhala zotsatira zoyipa (kusowa chonena, ntchito zamagalimoto). Atherosulinosis imatha kuyambitsa matenda a ischemic pomwe magazi amatuluka kupita ku ubongo asokonezeka chifukwa cha cholesterol yayikulu.
Chithandizo chachikulu cha angiopathy
Mavuto ndi chifukwa cha kufooka kwa kagayidwe m'thupi. Mankhwalawa cholinga chake ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa omwe amachititsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kagayidwe kachakudya matenda ashuga macroangiopathy.
Mavuto obwera chifukwa cha matenda ashuga- chakudya (insulin, acarbose, biguanides, angapo sulfonylureas);
- mafuta (lipid-kuchepetsa mankhwala);
- mapuloteni (mahomoni a anabolic a anabolic);
- madzi-electrolyte (hemodeis, reopoliglyukin, potaziyamu, calcium, kukonzekera kwa magnesium).
Nthawi zambiri, chizindikiritso cha cholesterol chowonjezereka chimawonedwa mu mtundu 2 wa shuga, kukweza thupi. Imafufuzidwa kawiri pachaka. Ngati kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndiwokwera kuposa kwakhalidwe, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira:
- Choyamba, kuphatikiza zakudya za wodwalayo (kupatula mafuta a nyama, kuchepetsa zovuta zamagetsi zosakanizira mpaka 50 g patsiku, kulola mafuta a masamba 30 ml, nsomba, masamba ndi zipatso);
- kachiwiri, imwani mankhwala (Zokor, Mevacor, Leskol, Lipantil 200M).
Kuzungulira kwa magazi m'mitsempha yamapapu kumapangidwira bwino ndi angioprotectors. Kugwirizana ndi chithandizo chachikulu, ma endocrinologists amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mavitamini a B (thiamine, pyridoxine, cyanocobalamin).
Zofunikanso:
- matenda a kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi mankhwala (Envas, Enalopril, Arifon, Renitek, Corinfar);
- kuchepa pang'onopang'ono kwa kunenepa kwambiri;
- kusiya chizolowezi chosuta fodya ndi mowa;
- kuchepa kwa mchere;
- kupewa kupewa kuvutikira nthawi yayitali.
Monga njira yothandizira mankhwalawa, ma endocrinologists amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zamankhwala. Pachifukwa ichi, kukonzekera kwa mankhwala kumagwiritsidwa ntchito:
Matenda okhudzana ndi matenda ashuga amakula kwa miyezi yambiri, zaka, komanso makumi. Ku United States, Dr. Joslin Foundation yakhazikitsa mendulo yapadera. Matenda opambana a shuga, omwe adatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka 30 popanda zovuta, kuphatikiza angiopathy, amapatsidwa mphotho ya dzina lomwelo. Menduloyi ikuwonetsa kuyendetsa bwino matenda a zaka zana lino.
