Matenda a Steroid (a sekondale omwe amadalira insulin) amawonekera chifukwa chazindikira kuchuluka kwa ma corticosteroids m'magazi, omwe amakhalapo nthawi yayitali kwambiri.
Nthawi zambiri, imayamba chifukwa chakuwoneka kwamavuto akulu am'magazi momwe timapangira timadzi tambiri tambiri.
Komabe, komabe, nthawi zambiri zimawonekera pambuyo povomerezeka kwa nthawi yayitali ndimankhwala a mahomoni. Ndiye chifukwa chake kudwala kumeneku kumatchedwanso mtundu wa shuga.
Matenda a shuga a Steroid kuchokera komwe adachokera sakhala m'gulu la matenda apamba. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti poyamba siziphatikizidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamatenda a kapamba.
Ndi mankhwala ati omwe angayambitse matendawa?
Anthu omwe alibe vuto la kagayidwe kachakudya m'thupi, vuto la kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a steroid, amatha kutenga matenda ofatsa, omwe amachoka pomwe atatha. Chofunikira ndichakuti pafupifupi theka la odwala onse omwe akudwala matendawa amalandila fomu yodziyimira payokha kupita ku matenda omwe amadalira insulin.
Glucocorticosteroids (Dexamethasone, Prednisolone, Hydrocortisone) amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala othandiza komanso odana ndi kutupa pazovuta zotere:
- mphumu ya bronchial;
- nyamakazi;
- kuphwanya magwiridwe antchito a chitetezo cha thupi;
- multiple sclerosis.
Steroid shuga mellitus imatha kuchitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali monga kulera pakamwa ndi thiazide diuretics.
Mlingo wamphamvu kwambiri wa corticosteroids ungagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza, womwe umalimbana ndikuchotsa kutupa pambuyo pa opaleshoni, pomwe imagwiritsa ntchito impso.
Pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni yayikuluyi, odwala ayenera kumwa mankhwala oyenera pamoyo wawo wonse kuti apondereze chitetezo cha thupi. Amakhala ndi chizolowezi chotupa chomwe chimakhudza ziwalo zobisika.
Zizindikiro za matenda omwe adayamba chifukwa cha chithandizo cha mankhwala chomwe chimatenga nthawi yayitali amadziwonetsa kuti odwala amawagwiritsa ntchito ngati anthu ovutikira kwambiri.
Kuti athetse konse matenda a shuga, anthu onenepa kwambiri ayenera kudzisamalira ndikuyamba kutaya mapaundi owonjezera.
Koma omwe ali ndi kulemera kwabwinobwino, muyenera kuyamba kusewera masewera ndikusintha pang'ono zakudya zawo za tsiku ndi tsiku, kuwonjezera kuwonjezera zitsamba zatsopano, masamba ndi zipatso.
Zizindikiro
Matendawa ndi osiyana chifukwa amakhala ndi zizindikiro za matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba komanso wachiwiri.
Matendawa amayamba chifukwa chakuti kuchuluka kwa corticosteroids kumayamba kuwononga maselo a beta a kapamba.
Amapitilizabe kupanga ma pancreatic hormone omwe amawongolera kagayidwe kazakudya kwakanthawi.
Pakapita kanthawi, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni omwe amapangidwa amachepetsa kwambiri ndipo khungu lake limasokonekera. Izi ndi mtundu wa matenda ashuga a 2. Pambuyo pake, maselo angapo a beta amawonongeka kwathunthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ayime pakupanga insulin. Poterepa, matendawo amayamba kupitilirabe mu mtundu wa matenda a shuga a insulin.
Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga a Steroid ali ndi izi:
- kuchuluka kukodza;
- ludzu lalikulu;
- kutopa.
Monga lamulo, zizindikiro za matenda a shuga a steroid ndizofatsa, kotero odwala samapereka chidwi chokwanira kwa iwo.
Amayamba kuchepa thupi msanga, ngati matenda amtundu 1. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi sikamathandiza kuzindikira matendawa nthawi yake.
Ngakhale kawirikawiri, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa glucose kumatha kukhala okwera kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa propanone mu mkodzo kumakhalabe kosangalatsa.
The pathogenesis ya matenda a shuga a steroid
Kusakwanira kwa mapuloteni okwanira chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa glucocorticoids kumabweretsa mapangidwe a shuga kuchokera ku amino acid.Njira yolimbikitsira shuga-6-phosphatase m'chiwindi ndi mahomoni amtunduwu amathandizira kutulutsa kwa glucose kuchokera ku chiwalochi. Mwa zina, glucocorticoids amachepetsa kwambiri ntchito ya hexokinase, yomwe imachepetsa kuyamwa kwa glucose.
Polankhula za matenda a shuga a steroid, kuphatikiza kwa matendawa ndikuti kutseguka kwa mapuloteni kungayambitse kukula kwake, chifukwa chomwe mafuta ochulukirapo m'magazi amapangidwa. Chifukwa cha izi, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumawonjezeka.
Mwanjira ina, matenda a shuga a steroid ndi mtundu wa matenda omwe amatenga matendawa, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a adrenal m'magazi. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito pochiza ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi zinthu izi.
Chithandizo
Zingachitike kuti insulini italeka kupangidwa mthupi, matendawa amapitilira chimodzimodzi monga matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba. Koma ndi zonsezi, ili ndi zizindikiro za matenda amitundu iwiri.
Kukonzekera kwa glucophage
Kuchiza mwachindunji kumatengera mtundu wanji wakuphwanya wodwalayo. Kwa anthu omwe ali onenepa kwambiri, koma amapanga insulin, zakudya zapadera ndi mankhwala omwe shuga yotsika ndiyabwino. Glucophage ndi Thiazolidinedione ndi ena mwa iwo. Mlingo wocheperako wa insulin nthawi zina amalamula.
Pankhani yamavuto apachirengedwe, kukhazikitsidwa kwa mlingo wa insulin kumakupatsani mwayi wogwira ntchito ndi katundu wochepa. Izi ndizotheka ngati maselo a beta akupitilizabe ntchito yawo. Zakudya zapadera zimatha kuthandiza mankhwalawo, kuthetseratu kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi chakudya.
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chakudya chokwanira thupi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya No. 9, ndipo kwa odwala okulirapo, kadyetsani zakudya 8.
Ngati munthu akuvutika ndi matenda a shuga a steroid, kapamba sangathenso kudzipangira payekha payokha, ndiye kuti amamulembera monga ma jakisoni ovomerezeka.
Pankhaniyi, munthu sayenera kuyiwala za kuwunikira kosalekeza kwamisempha yamagazi. Njira yakuchiritsira iyenera kuchitidwa monga momwe amachitira odwala matenda ashuga 1. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi mtundu uwu wamatendawa ndikomwe ndikosatheka kubwezeretsa maselo a beta omwe adafa kale.
Matenda amtunduwu amapezeka kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumayamba kupitirira chizindikiro cha 11.5 mmol mutatha kudya, ndipo kutsogolo kwake kuli zoposa 6 mmol. Pambuyo pozindikira zizindikiro zowopsa, ndikofunikira kulumikizana ndi dokotala kuti akuthandizeni.
Poyamba, katswiri ayenera kupatula kwathunthu matenda onse omwe ali mgululi. Njira yochotsera matendawa imatha kukhala ya pachikhalidwe komanso kukhala ndi njira yolunjika. Zotsirizirazi ndizothandiza kwambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo zimafuna luso lotha kudziletsa kuchokera kwa wodwala.
Njira zachikhalidwe zachikhalidwe zimachokera pamfundo yomwe ili yofanana ndi miyeso yofananira yachiwiri.
Ngati kapamba amavulala, ndiye kuti mlingo wa insulin ndi womwe umapangidwa. Mankhwala, hypoglycemic ndi mahomoni othandizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, Glucofage.
Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi mtundu wocheperako wa matenda, ndiye kuti sulfonylureas angagwiritsidwe ntchito, zomwe zingathandize kuthana ndi vutoli. Koma njirayi imakhala ndi zotsatirapo zake, zowopsa komanso zosayembekezeka zomwe zimachitika ndikulakwitsa kwa myocardial.
Izi ndichifukwa choti chakudya cha carbohydrate chimachepa kwambiri, chifukwa chomwe pamakhala kuphwanya kowopsa pakuchita kwa ziwalo ndi machitidwe. Ndi chifukwa ichi kuti matendawa amatha kusintha pang'onopang'ono kukhala mawonekedwe otchedwa insulin.
Mwazinthu zina zapadera, yankho lolondola kwambiri ndikuchita opareshoni. Tishu zosafunikira zimachotsedwa ku adrenal gland ngati hyperplasia yapezeka.
Pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni, mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo ukupita bwino, ndipo akuchira. Komabe, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a adotolo kuti matendawo azikhala okhazikika.
Makanema okhudzana nawo
Kodi shuga ya steroid ndi chiyani? Mayankho mu kanema:
Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a steroid chitha kuyenda bwino pokhapokha ngati wodwalayo asanyalanyaza malangizo omwe katswiri amamuwona. Ndikofunikira ngati zoyamba zizindikirika munthawi yolumikizana ndi achipatala kuti mukayezetse ndikupeza kuti mwazindikira. Pambuyo pake, adotolo adzalembera chithandizo choyenera, chomwe chingathandize pokhapokha ngati zonse zikutsatiridwa mosamalitsa.
Musaiwale kuti shuga ya steroid imachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali kulera kwa mahomoni ndi mankhwala ena ofanana. Komanso omwe ali pachiwopsezo ndi anthu onenepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, pofuna kupewa matendawa, muyenera kusiyiratu kumwa mankhwala a mahomoni (ngati sanalengedwe ndi dokotala) ndikuyamba kuyang'ananso zakudya zanu zomwe mumadya. Ndikofunikira kupangira zakudya zanu ndi zinthu zofunikira, makamaka, masamba, zipatso, zitsamba, nyemba, komanso kuchotsa shuga wovulaza, yemwe samabweretsa phindu lililonse.
