Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga

Matenda a shuga ndiowopsa kwa anthu amakono. Kuchuluka kwa kutukuka kwa mizinda, kupsinjika pafupipafupi komanso kukhala moyo wamtulo kumatiyambitsa zinthu zatsopano, zomwe nthawi zina zimabweretsa zotsatirapo zovuta zaumoyo. Kwa zaka makumi awiri zapitazi, chiwerengero cha anthu odwala matenda a shuga chikuwonjezeka nthawi zambiri. Nanga chimatsogolera ku matenda oopsa a endocrine ndi ati? Kodi chimayambitsa matenda ashuga ndimatha bwanji kuthana nacho? Tiyesa kuyankha mafunso awa ndi enanso munkhaniyi.

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha matenda a shuga ndikugwiritsa ntchito shuga woyengetsa.

Mitundu ya Matenda A shuga

Musanadziwe chifukwa chake matenda ashuga amachitika, muyenera kumvetsetsa mitundu yamatendawa yomwe imapezeka. Pali mitundu ingapo ya matenda a shuga komanso zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Ngakhale zizindikiro zofananira, njira za pathogenetic m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya shuga komanso kutengera jenda ndi zaka zingakhale zosiyana kwambiri. Muzochitika zamankhwala zamakono, endocrinologists amasiyanitsa mitundu itatu yofunika kwambiri komanso yodziwika bwino ya shuga:

• Lemberani matenda ashuga 1 kapena mtundu wodwala.
• Lemberani matenda ashuga a 2 kapena mtundu wa insulin.
• Matenda a shuga a m'mimba kapena mawonekedwe a azimayi oyembekezera.

Pali ubale wina pakati pa zinthu monga cholowa, akazi ndi zaka, maudindo azikhalidwe, moyo ndi zina zambiri momwe matenda oyambawa amatha. Kusokonezeka kwa endocrine kumatha kupsedwa ndi chinthu chimodzi champhamvu kapena kuphatikiza kocheperako, komwe pamapeto pake kumapangitsa kuwonongeka ndi kusokonezeka kwa mahomoni homeostasis ndi njira za metabolic m'thupi.

Zowopsa Zowopsa za Matenda A shuga

Zowopsa

Munthu wamba wamakono amakodwa ndi mitundu yonse ya zinthu zosasangalatsa komanso zoyipa. Ndichizolowezi kusiyanitsa magulu awiri akuluakulu azinthu zoyipa zomwe zimakhudza kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi la munthu.

Zosasinthika

Gulu loyamba limaphatikizapo zinthu zomwe sizodalira zofuna ndi zoyesayesa za munthu, sizingasinthidwe, koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa, ngati zilipo. Zina mwa zinthuzi ndizophatikizira chibadwa chathu chakukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Kodi matenda ashuga akuluakulu amachokera kuti? Asayansi akuyerekeza kuti 30% ya chiopsezo chotenga matenda amtundu wa matenda ashuga zimadalira mbiri yakale yokhala ndi mabanja. Ngati banja la abale apamtima, monga mayi ndi bambo, ali ndi matenda amtunduwu, ndiye kuti chiopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga chikuchuluka.

Heredity ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chosasinthika chomwe sichingasinthe, koma ndichokhacho chokhacho. Zosafunikira kwenikweni, koma kuchitika kungachitike chifukwa cha zinthu zosakhudzika monga:

Kodi chimayambitsa matenda ashuga ndi chiyani?

• Kuyanjana ndi mitundu. Oimira mafuko awa ndi oyenera ku Russian Federation: Buryats, Caucasians, Tuva ndi anthu osiyanasiyana akumpoto. Mitundu iyi imakonda kupezeka matenda a metabolic, makamaka, kuchokera kumbali ya kagayidwe kazachilengedwe. Zocheperako zingapo zomwe zingayambitse matendawa kumayiko.
• M'badwo. Palibe munthu amene angalimbikitse nthawi ndipo, mwatsoka, zaka zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa matenda ashuga. Pambuyo pazaka 25, chiopsezo chokhala ndi vuto la dysmetabolic limachulukanso pafupifupi kawiri.
• Okwatirana Zadziwika kuti gawo la amuna limadwala matendawa nthawi zambiri kuposa lachikazi ndipo izi zimayenera kukumbukiridwa!

Zonsezi zomwe sizingafanane ndikuwopsa, ngakhale sizodalira ife, zitha kuganiziridwanso, ndipo moyo wathanzi komanso wathanzi wophatikizidwa ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zabwino umatha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda akulu monga matenda a shuga.

Zinthu Zosasintha

Zofunikira kusinthidwa ndi njira zomwe munthu amatha kuzichotsa kapena kuzikonza. Munjira zambiri, ndizosintha zomwe zimakhala chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matenda amishuga amitundu imodzi.

Kusasamala zaumoyo wako chifukwa chachikulu chakulepheretsa mtundu wina uliwonse wa matenda ashuga!

Khalidwe lolakwika ndi malingaliro aumunthu wamakono zimabweretsa zotsatira zowawa kwambiri! Zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi zosasinthika ndi monga:

• Kulephera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Moyo wokhala mokhazikika, kugwira ntchito muofesi, kuyenda pagalimoto, ulesi wa banal - imodzi mwazipilala zitatu za matenda ashuga. Palibe kapena kuchepa kwa ntchito zolimbitsa thupi, kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya thupi kumachepa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusamvana pakati pa chakudya chomwe chimadyedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yake komanso mtengo wa mphamvu yamphamvu imeneyi. Hypodynamia, kuwonjezera apo, imatsogolera ku hypotrophy ya minofu minofu ya thupi, komanso imathandizira kukulitsa kunenepa kwambiri ndi metabolic syndrome.
• Kuzunza. Chomwe chimapangitsa kunenepa kwambiri komanso kuyambika kwa matenda ashuga ndi mawonekedwe osagwira insulini. Kuchulukitsa kumayambitsa mphamvu mu thupi, zomwe sangathe kuzigwiritsa ntchito, mphamvuzi zimasungidwa m'thupi mthupi la adipose minofu.
• Kulabadira zaumoyo. Matenda komanso chimfine pafupipafupi ndizomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba. Kuwonongeka kwa kapamba ndi ma antibodies ake makamaka chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi.

Zifukwa

Kodi matenda ashuga amachokera kuti? Momwe mungapangire matenda a shuga, mumafunsa? Inde, zosavuta! Muyenera kungokhala osachita chilichonse, koma muzingodya ndi kukhala aulesi kapena nthawi zambiri mumadwala ndi tonsillitis ndi chimfine china. Kukhala ndi moyo wopanda tanthauzo kumachepetsa thupi lanu pang'onopang'ono ndikuyambitsa kusalinganika kwamitundu yonse ya kagayidwe kachakudya kameneka. Chifukwa chiyani matenda ashuga amawonekera? Pa matenda amtundu uliwonse, yankho lidzakhala losiyana, tiyeni tiwunike molongosoka.

Mtundu 1 wodalira insulin

Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri mwa ana. Chifukwa chiyani matenda amtundu 1 amayamba? Ndi pafupipafupi matenda opatsirana a virusi kapena a bakiteriya, chitetezo cha m'thupi chimatha kugwira ntchito ndikuyamba kupanga ma antibodies osati othandizira odwala, komanso zimakhala zake. Chimodzi mwazinthuzi ndi ma cell a beta a islets a Langerhans omwe amapezeka mu kapamba. Njirayi imatchedwa autoimmune, i.e., chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chimayamba kuwononga thupi lanu.

Kuwonongeka kwa kapamba ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda ashuga 1.

Ndi kuwonongedwa kwa maselo opitilira 90% a beta omwe amapanga insulin, kagayidwe kazakudya amawonongeka ndipo chithunzi cha matenda a matenda amtundu wa 1 chikuwonekera. Matenda a shuga 1 amayamba kwambiri, chizindikiro chachikulu ndi kuwonda kwambiri kwamwana chifukwa cha kufooka kwa glucose m'maselo a thupi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti insulini ndi mtundu wa kulira womwe umalola glucose, ndiye michere yayikulu, kulowa mkati mwa maselo kukula kwawo ndikugawika. Ndi kuchepa kwa insulin, glucose amadziunjikira m'magazi, ndipo maselo amayamba kumva njala, yomwe imayambitsa njira za dystrophic. Kunja, izi zimawonetsedwa ndi kuchepa thupi kwambiri komanso kufooka kwathunthu.

Mtundu wodziyimira pawokha wa insulin 2

Matenda amtunduwu a shuga amapezeka nthawi zambiri mwa akulu, komanso akhoza kukhala mwa achinyamata. Chimayambitsa matenda a shuga a 2 ndi chiyani? Type 2 shuga mellitus imayamba pang'onopang'ono ndipo imatha kukhalabe yovuta kuonekera kwa munthu amene akudwala nayo. Pankhaniyi, zinthu monga cholowa, moyo wopanda tanthauzo womwe umayambitsa kusokonezeka kwakuthupi komanso kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kupezeka kwa zizolowezi zoipa kumatenga gawo lalikulu poyambitsa matenda ashuga. Ndi kulakwitsa pakati pa mphamvu zamagetsi ndi mphamvu zamagetsi, pali kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa adipocytes - maselo amtundu wa adipose. Kunenepa kwambiri kumayambitsa kusokonekera kwa mahomoni m'thupi, ndipo kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala kwa thupi kwa thupi kumayamba kupanga.

Kunenepa kwambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi insulin kukana, komwe kumayambitsa matenda a shuga a 2

Kuchuluka kwa adipose minofu kumapangitsa kukana kwa minofu ina ku insulin. Chifukwa chake, insulin yoyamba imayamba kupangika kwambiri poyankha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kenako maselo a pancreatic beta amatha, ndipo insulin yotulutsa insulin imayamba kuchepa ndikupangitsa kuti matenda ayambe kudwala.

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha mtundu wa matenda osokoneza bongo wa insulini ndikutuluka mwachangu, kulipiritsa hyperglycemia yamagazi. Matenda amtunduwu nthawi zambiri amapezeka pofufuza matenda, pomwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'madzi a m'magazi kutsimikiza. Kuphatikiza pa kukodza pafupipafupi, chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha mawonekedwe osagwirizana ndi insulin ndikumayamwa pakhungu ndi matenda opatsirana pakhungu omwe samachiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mtundu wamtundu

Zimachitika mwa akazi okha ndipo zimakhala ndi zovuta kupanga pathogenetic. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga a pakati ndi funso lovuta. Munjira zambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga mwa amayi apakati sizinakhazikitsidwe, koma mgwirizano pakati pa pakati ndi kuchepa kwa kupanga kwa insulin kwakhazikitsidwa. Akatswiri ambiri amavomereza kuti chifukwa chachikulu chamtundu wamtunduwu ndikukhazikikanso kwakukulu kwa thupi la mzimayi nthawi yapakati komanso pakubala, komwe nthawi zina kumabweretsa kuponderezedwa kwa insulin chifukwa cha maselo a pancreatic beta.