Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa ndipo nthawi yomweyo amakhala oopsa. Pakadali pano, palibe njira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti odwala azichita bwino.
Koma, mwamwayi, pali njira zowoneka bwino zomwe zimalola munthu kuti azikhala ndi moyo wonse komanso azigwira ntchito.
Izi matenda ambiri nthawi zambiri amadziwika ndi insulin yokwanira mthupi - mahomoni omwe amawongolera kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi.
Chifukwa cha izi, zovuta zambiri za metabolic zimachitika m'thupi. Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe amayambitsidwa ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti bambo, mayi, wamkulu komanso mwana azitha kudwala.
Mitundu ya matenda
Pali mitundu itatu ya matenda a shuga insipidus, omwe amasiyana mzomwe zimayambitsa ndikuwonetsera.
Matenda akuluakulu a shuga amadziwika kuti si shuga. Chifukwa chake, m'mabuku ofotokozera, mutha kupeza dzina la ND kapena DI (shuga insipidus).
Chachilendo cha mtundu uwu wa matenda ndi chakuti palinso zakuphwanya kapangidwe ka vasopressin ndi thupi. Izi, zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa impso ndi chikhodzodzo. Makamaka, yakale imayamba kulimbana kwambiri ndi kubwezeretsanso kwamadzi, ndipo yotsirizika imalephera kuyendetsa bwino mkodzo pafupipafupi.
CND ndi njira yachilendo kwambiri. Kafukufuku akuti munthu m'modzi yekha mwa anthu 10,000 ali ndi matendawa. Malingana ndi deta ina, imapezeka kokha mumitundu 40,000 iliyonse. Poyerekeza: anthu osachepera 50 ali ndi matenda ashuga (malinga ndi zina, anthu 5%) Mtundu wina wa matenda ashuga ndi idiopathic shuga.
Amayikidwa pomwe adotolo sangathe kudziwa bwino chomwe chimayambitsa matenda.
Mtundu uwu wa matenda a shuga umatchedwa mtundu 1 wa shuga. Ndipo mtundu wachitatu ndi nephrogenic, womwe ungatchulidwenso kuti aimpso. Amayamba chifukwa choti mabulogu amkodzo amayamba kuyankha mosavomerezeka ndi vasopressin.
Zotsatira zake, zotupa za mkodzo waukulu kwambiri zimachitika, zomwe sizinapangidwe bwino.
Etiology ndi pathogenesis
Chithunzi wamba cha matenda ashuga sichinapangidwebe. Chowonadi chokha chotsimikiziridwa mwasayansi chovomerezedwa ndi anthu ambiri azachipatala ndizomwe zimayambitsa chibadwa cha matenda. Adafika pa lingaliro lolingana zaka zana zapitazo, ndipo munthawi imeneyi zidatsimikizika.
Chizindikiro cha matendawa, ndizochulukirapo. DM ikhoza kutsimikiziridwa m'mbuyomu pamaziko azizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- kuchuluka kwamkodzo;
- pafupipafupi ludzu komanso kulephera kukwaniritsa;
- kuyambira kwakuthwa popanda chifukwa chodziwika;
- kuwonda msanga.
Zizindikiro zomwe zalembedwa ndizodziwika bwino kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1.
Kusanthula kwawo, kukuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa acetone. Palinso zizindikilo zomwe zimapezeka mwa odwala onse.
Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri za shuga ndi izi:
- masomphenya osalala;
- kamwa yowuma
- kupezeka kwa kuyabwa m'malo osiyanasiyana a thupi;
- mutu.
Zotsatira zoyipa komanso zovuta za matenda ashuga
Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amatha kugwa mu hypoglycemic, lactic acidotic kapena hyperosmolar coma. Kuphatikiza apo, mavuto ambiri a dermatological amayamba kuwoneka mwa odwala ambiri pambuyo pa zaka 15 - 20 (makamaka kumapazi kumapazi). Izi ndichifukwa chakumwalira kwa mitsempha mathero.
Ndani ali pachiwopsezo?
Mtundu woyamba wa matendawa umakhudza iwo omwe ali pafupi kwambiri ndi anthu omwe akudwala matenda ashuga.Izi ndichifukwa choti matenda ashuga ndi omwe amatsimikiza kuti ndi matenda obadwa nawo, ndiye kuti, matenda obadwa nawo.
Palinso umboni kuti zamatsenga zimachitika mwa omwe makolo awo (kuphatikiza agogo ake) analibe matenda a shuga.
Poterepa, shuga imayambitsidwa ndi zovuta zapakhansa, mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha kutupa.
Mtundu wachiwiri, umayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu:
- ali ndi zaka 40;
- ndi mafuta ochulukirapo amthupi;
- kubala mwana wolemera magalamu oposa 4100 (kwa akazi okha);
- ndi kukhalapo kwa mtima wamitsempha yamagazi.
Njira Zodziwitsira
Kuzindikira koyambirira kwa matenda ashuga kumapangidwa pamaziko amadandaula a odwala. Komabe, ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa nthawi zonse ndi zotsatira za kuyezetsa magazi - ndikofunikira kuti shuga yambiri ipezekemo.
Malangizo
Sizotheka kuchiritsa wodwala matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri, chithandizo chamankhwala choletsa zizindikirazi chimachitidwa.
Therapy, monga lamulo, imapereka njira zothandizidwa:
- metabolic kuchira;
- kuchepetsa mwayi wovuta;
- kuchuluka / kuchepa kwa thupi.
Komanso, wodwalayo amaphunzitsidwa njira zochiritsira. Makamaka, nthawi zonse amalembedwa kuti amwe mankhwala nthawi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti adye.
Kupewa kupewa kuphwanya malamulo
Wodwalayo ayenera kuwunika zinthu zingapo zomwe zingachepetse kuipiraipira kwa mkhalidwe wake. Makamaka, amalangizidwa kuti aziyang'ana kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a statin.
Ziwonetsero
Ngati munthu wodwala matenda ashuga awona zonse zomwe madokotala amupatsa, amakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi moyo wautali komanso wogwira ntchito mokwanira. Zikatero, kukula kwa zovuta kumachepetsa, ndipo nthawi zambiri - kumatha.
Makanema okhudzana nawo
Zokhudza zomwe zimayambitsa, Zizindikiro, Chithandizo ndi Matenda a shuga mu kanema:
Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri m'thupi. Munthu amene akudwala matendawa ayenera kuchita zonse zomwe dokotala amakupatsani. Ayeneranso kufunafuna thandizo loyenerera ngati ali ndi matenda ena ake.
