Lingaliro la kukana insulini komanso zifukwa zake

Kufunika kwa insulin mu kagayidwe kachakudya ka thupi la munthu nkovuta kwambiri kudya. Chimachitika ndi chiyani ndi kukana insulini? Chifukwa chiyani zimawonekera ndipo zingakhale bwanji zowopsa? Werengani zambiri za izi, komanso kuphwanya mphamvu ya insulin pazinthu zosiyanasiyana komanso za mankhwalawa.

Kodi kukana insulin ndi chiyani?

Kukana insulini ndikuphwanya kwa kagayidwe kachakudya poyankha zochita za insulin. Awa ndi mkhalidwe womwe maselo amomwe amakhala ndi mafuta ambiri, minyewa ndi hepatic amasiya kuyankha zotsatira za insulin. Thupi limapitiliza insulin synthesis mwachangu, koma siligwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera.

Mawuwa amagwira ntchito pa kuthana ndi mapuloteni, lipids ndi zochitika zina zam'mimba. Izi zitha kukhudzana ndi njira imodzi iliyonse ya metabolic, kapena yonse nthawi imodzi. Pafupifupi matenda onse azachipatala, kukana insulini sikuzindikirika mpaka kuwonekera kwa ma metabolism mu metabolism.

M michere yonse mthupi (mafuta, mapuloteni, chakudya) monga malo osungirako mphamvu imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo tsiku lonse. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zochita za insulin, popeza minofu iliyonse imayimilira mosiyanasiyana. Makinawa amatha kugwira ntchito moyenera kapena ayi.

Mtundu woyamba, thupi limagwiritsa ntchito chakudya ndi mafuta popanga mamolekyulu a ATP. Njira yachiwiri imadziwika ndi kukopa kwa mapuloteni pazolinga zomwezo, chifukwa chomwe zotsatira za anabolic zama glucose zimachepa.

Njira zimasokonekera:

1. Kulengedwa kwa ATP;
2. shuga insulin kwenikweni.

Zifukwa zachitukuko

Asayansi sangatchulepo zifukwa zenizeni chifukwa chake munthu amawoneka kuti wakana insulini. Zikuwonekeratu kuti amapezeka mwa iwo omwe amakhala ndi moyo wongokhala, wonenepa kwambiri, kapena wongobadwa nawo. Zomwe zimayambitsa izi zitha kukhalanso njira zamankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Ngati chimodzi mwa mfundo zotsatirazi ndichabwinobwino mwa inu, ndiye kuti mungakhudzidwe kwambiri ndi kuphwanya lamulo la insulin:

• Zaka zopitilira 40;
• Ndiwe mwamuna wokhala ndi girth yoposa 103 masentimita, mkazi wokhala ndi girth yoposa 88;
• Achibale anu ena omwe siali kutali akuvutika, akuvutika ndi matenda ashuga, matenda a m'matumbo, kapena matenda oopsa;
• Kusuta
• Kufala kwa matenda ashuga;
• Atherosulinosis;
• Kuchulukitsa kwa triglyceride;
• Mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa ma lipoprotein okwera;
• Polycystic ovary syndrome.

Zizindikiro zakuchitika

Kuphwanya mphamvu ya insulin kumatha kutsatiridwa ndi zizindikiro zina. Komabe, nkovuta kuzindikira izi zokha mwa iwo.

Pokana kukana insulini, munthu amakhala ndi zotsatirazi:

• Zimakhala zovuta kuti wodwalayo azingoyang'ana;
• Pali shuga wambiri m'magazi;
• Kufalikira. Mafuta ambiri am'mimba amachokera ku zakudya zamatumbo. Popeza kugaya kwawo m'mimba kumalephera, ntchito yam'mimba imachepa;
• Mukatha kudya, nthawi yomweyo mumafuna kugona;
• Amalumpha mwamphamvu pamagazi;
• Kukoka pafupipafupi;
• Kumva kulira kwa miyendo;
• Pafupipafupi dzanzi;
• Udzu wokhazikika;
• Maonekedwe osasinthika amikwapulo;
• Kukonzanso kwanthawi yayitali;
• Kulemera ndikuvutika kusiya. Madipoziti amafuta amapezeka makamaka pamimba. Madokotala amakhulupiriranso kuti kulemera kwambiri kumapangitsanso kukula kwa insulin;
• Nthawi zonse amakhala ndi njala;
• Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumawonetsa ma triglycerides okwera;
• Mikhalidwe yovuta. Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa insulini komanso kusokonezeka kwa metabolic, wodwala amatha kukumana ndi zovuta zingapo zama psychoemotional, kuphatikizapo kukhumudwa.

Kunenepa kwambiri ndi Insulin Resistance

Kunenepa kwambiri ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zotsogola. Kuti mudziwe zofunikira kuti mumve kuwonongeka kwa insulin komanso metabolic syndrome, muyenera kudziwa cholozera chanu. Nambalayi imathandizanso kuzindikira gawo la kunenepa kwambiri komanso kuwerengera zoopsa zomwe zingayambitse matenda a mtima.

Mlozo umawerengedwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe: Ine = m / h2, m ndiye kulemera kwanu m'makilogalamu, h ndi kutalika kwanu mu mita.

Kodi kuphwanya kumeneku n'koopsa?

Izi matenda oopsa chifukwa cha matenda omwe amadza pambuyo pake. Choyamba, ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 shuga.

Mu njira za matenda ashuga, minofu, chiwindi ndi mafupa amafuta amathandizidwa makamaka. Popeza mphamvu ya insulini imalekeka, shuga amasiya kudyedwa mu kuchuluka komwe kuyenera. Pazifukwa zomwezi, maselo a chiwindi amayamba kupanga mphamvu pogwira glycogen ndikupanga shuga kuchokera ku mankhwala a amino acid.

Ponena za minofu ya adipose, mphamvu yotsutsana nayo imachepa. Mu magawo oyamba, njirayi imalipiriridwa ndi kupititsa patsogolo kapangidwe ka insulin mu kapamba. Pa magawo otukuka, malo osungirako mafuta agawika ma mamolekyulu amafuta achilengedwe ndi glycerol, munthu amalemera kwambiri.

Zinthuzi zimalowa m'chiwindi ndipo zimakhala lipoproteins zotsika kwambiri. Zinthu izi zimadziunjikira pamakoma a mtima ndikuyambitsa chitukuko cha atherosulinosis. Chifukwa cha njirazi zonsezi, glucose wambiri amatulutsidwa m'magazi.

Nocturnal Insulin Resistance

Thupi limakonda kwambiri insulin m'mawa. Izi zimawoneka zosavuta masana. Kwa thupi la munthu, pali mitundu iwiri yamagetsi: kayendetsedwe ka usiku ndi usana.

Masana, mphamvu zambiri zimatengedwa makamaka kuchokera ku glucose, malo ogulitsa mafuta samakhudzidwa. M'malo mwake, zimachitika usiku, thupi limadzipatsa mphamvu, lomwe limamasulidwa ku mafuta acids, omwe amatulutsidwa m'magazi pambuyo pakuwonongeka kwamafuta. Chifukwa cha izi, insulivityity imatha kufooka.

Ngati mumadya makamaka madzulo, ndiye kuti thupi lanu silingathe kupirira kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimalowa. Izi zimatha kubweretsa mavuto akulu azaumoyo.

Kwa kanthawi, kusowa kwa insulin nthawi zonse kumalipidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimapezeka m'maselo a pancreatic beta. Vutoli limatchedwa hyperinsulemia ndipo limadziwika ndi matenda ashuga. Popita nthawi, kuthekera kwa maselo kupanga insulin yambiri kumachepa, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumawonjezeka, ndipo munthu amakula ndi matenda ashuga.

Komanso, insulin kukana ndi hyperinsulinemia ndi zinthu zolimbikitsa matenda a mtima dongosolo. Chifukwa cha insulin, kuchuluka ndi kusuntha kwa minofu yosalala, kufalikira kwa ma fibroblasts, komanso kuletsa kwa njira za fibrinolysis kumachitika. Chifukwa chake, kunenepa kwambiri kwam'mimba kumachitika ndi zotsatirapo zonse zotsatirazi.

Kukana kwa pakati

Ma molekyulu a glucose ndiye gwero lamphamvu kwa onse mayi ndi mwana. Panthawi yakukula kwa mwana, thupi lake limayamba kufuna kuchuluka kwa glucose ochulukirapo. Chofunika ndichakuti kuyambira pa 3 trimester ya mimba, zofuna za glucose zimapezekanso.

Nthawi zambiri, makanda amakhala ndi shuga wotsika magazi kuposa amayi. Mwa ana, izi ndi pafupifupi 0.6-1.1 mmol / lita, ndipo mwa akazi ndi 3.3-6.6 mmol / lita. Mbewu ikakula ikafika pamtengo wokwanira, mayi amatha kuyamba kukhala ndi insulin.

Glucose onse omwe amalowa m'thupi la amayi ake samakhudzidwa ndipo amawabwezera kwa mwana wosabadwayo kuti asamve kuperewera kwa michere pakukula.

Izi zimayendetsedwa ndi placenta, yomwe ndiye gwero loyambirira la TNF-b. Pafupifupi 95% ya chinthu ichi imalowa m'magazi a mayi woyembekezera, kupumulirako kumalowa m'thupi la mwana. Ndiwowonjezera kuchuluka kwa TNF-b yomwe imayambitsa kukana kwa insulin panthawi ya bere.

Pambuyo pobadwa kwa mwana, msinkhu wa TNF-b umatsika mwachangu komanso mofanananira, kumva kwa insulin kumabwereranso. Mavuto amatha kuchitika mwa azimayi onenepa kwambiri, chifukwa amapanga TNF-b yochulukirapo kuposa amayi omwe ali ndi thupi labwino. Mwa akazi otere, kukhala ndi pakati kumakhala nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi zovuta zingapo.

Kukana kwa insulin nthawi zambiri kumatha ngakhale pakubala, pamakhala kuchuluka kwakukulu kwambiri kwa matenda a shuga. Ngati kutenga pakati ndikwabwinobwino, kukana kumathandiza mwana kukulira.

Kuphwanya kudziwa kwa insulin mu achinyamata

Mwa anthu akutha msinkhu, kukana insulini nthawi zambiri kumachitika. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti kuchuluka kwa shuga sikokwanira. Pambuyo pa kutha msambo, mkhalidwe umakonda kukhazikika.

Pa kukula kwambiri, mahomoni a anabolic amayamba kupangika kwambiri:

1. Insulin
2. Kukula kwamafuta.

Ngakhale zovuta zake ndizosiyana, amino acid metabolism ndi metabolism ya glucose sikuvutikira mwanjira iliyonse. Ndi comperatory hyperinsulinemia, kupanga mapuloteni kumatheka ndipo kukula kumakhudzidwa.

Mitundu yambiri ya kagayidwe ka insulin imathandizira kulumikizana kutha msanga ndi kukula kwa njira, komanso kusamalira njira zama metabolic. Ntchito yofananira yotere imapereka kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi chakudya chosakwanira, imathandizira kutha msinkhu komanso kulera komanso kubereka ana omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino.

Kutha msambo kumatha, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ogonana kumakhalabe okwera, ndipo insulinitivity imatha.

Chithandizo cha insulin

Asanayambe nkhondo yolimbana ndi insulin, madokotala amafufuza wodwalayo. Pozindikira matenda am'mbuyomu komanso mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, mitundu ingapo ya mayeso a labotale imagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Mayeso a A1C;
• Kuthamanga kwa plasma glucose;
• Mayeso a kulolera a glucose.

Matenda a shuga a Type 2 amadziwika ndi 6.5% pa kuyesa kwa A1C, kuchuluka kwa shuga kuchokera pa 126 mg / dl ndipo zotsatira kuchokera poyesa komaliza ndizoposa 200 mg / dl. Mdziko loyambirira la matenda ashuga, chisonyezo cha 1 ndi 5.7-6.4%, chachiwiri ndi 100-125 mg / dl, chomaliza ndi 140-199 mg / dl.

Mankhwala

Zizindikiro zazikulu zamtunduwu wa mankhwalawa ndi chisonyezo cha thupi chopitilira 30, chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a mtima ndi mtima, komanso kukhalapo kwa kunenepa kwambiri.

Kuti muwonjezere mphamvu ya shuga, mankhwala otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Biguanides
  Kuchita kwa mankhwalawa cholinga chake ndikulepheretsa glycogeneis, kuchepetsa kupanga shuga mu chiwindi, kuletsa kuyamwa kwa shuga m'matumbo ang'ono, komanso kukonza insulin.
• Acarbose
  Chimodzi mwazithandizo zotetezeka. Acarbose ndi blocker alpha-glucosidase blocker mu chapamwamba m'mimba. Zimasokoneza machitidwe a polysaccharide ndi oligosaccharide cleavage ndikuwonjezereka kwa zinthu izi m'magazi, ndipo kuchuluka kwa insulin kumachepa.
• Milaz
  Kuchulukitsa kumverera kwa insulini mu minofu ndi mafuta ululu. Othandizira awa amalimbikitsa mitundu yayikulu yamitundu yomwe imayambitsa kumva. Zotsatira zake, kuwonjezera pa kulimbana ndi kukana, kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi ma lipids m'magazi kumachepa.

Zakudya

Ndi kukana kwa insulini, kutsimikizika kumakhala pa chakudya chamafuta ochepa kupatula kufa ndi njala. Fractional mtundu wa zakudya akulimbikitsidwa, ayenera kukhala kasanu mpaka kasanu ndi kawiri pa tsiku, poganizira zokhwasula-khwasula. Ndikofunikanso kumwa madzi okwanira, osachepera 1.5 malita patsiku.

Wodwala amaloledwa kudya chakudya chochepa pang'onopang'ono. Itha kukhala:

1. Porridge
2. Zinthu zophika mkate zochokera ku ufa wa rye;
3. Zamasamba
4. Zipatso zina.

Ndi chakudya chamafuta ochepa, wodwalayo sayenera:

• Mpunga Woyera;
• Mafuta ndi nsomba;
• Zakudya zonse zotsekemera (zomanga thupi mwachangu);
• Manku;
• Mbatata;
• Mankhwala osuta;
• Batala;
• Madzi
• Batala ndi ufa;
• Wowawasa zonona.

Zakudya zonse zomwe wodwala amadya ziyenera kukhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic. Mawuwa ndi chizindikiro cha kuwonongedwa kwa zinthu zamafuta atalowa m'thupi. Pokhapokha chizindikiro ichi chazopezeka, chimakhala chofunikira kwambiri kwa wodwala.

Zakudya zolimbana ndi insulin zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi index yotsika. Ndikosowa kwambiri kudya kena kokhala ndi GI yapakatikati. Njira yakukonzekera zamalonda nthawi zambiri imakhala yovuta kwambiri pa GI, koma pali zosiyana.

Mwachitsanzo, kaloti: ikaphika index yake ndi 35 ndipo mutha kudya, koma kaloti wowiritsa ndi wamkulu kwambiri GI ndipo ndizosatheka kuidya.

Zipatso zimathanso kudyedwa, koma muyenera kudya zosaposa 200 magalamu patsiku. Ndikosatheka kukonzekera madzi obzala kuchokera kwa iwo, chifukwa pamene zamkati zimaphwanyidwa, CHIKWANGWANI chimatha ndipo msuzi umapeza GI yayikulu kwambiri.

GI ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu angapo:

1. Mpaka 50 - otsika;
2. 50-70 - pakati;
3. Zoposa 70 ndi zazikulu.

Pali zakudya zina zomwe zilibe index ya glycemic konse. Kodi ndizotheka kuzidya ndi insulin? - ayi. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse, chakudya choterocho chimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri, ndipo izi sizotheka ndi kuphwanya mphamvu ya insulin.

Palinso zakudya zomwe zili ndi kalozera kakang'ono ndi zambiri zopatsa mphamvu:

• Mbewu za mpendadzuwa;
• Makoko a chickpea;
• Mtedza.

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi kwa wodwala ziyenera kukhala zosiyanasiyana. Liyenera kukhala ndi nyama, zipatso, masamba. Zakudya zokhala ndi glucose zimalimbikitsidwa kudyedwa asanadutse 15:00. Msuzi amaphika bwino msuzi wamasamba, nthawi zina zimakhala zovomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito msuzi wachiwiri.

Pazakudya zama carb ochepa, mutha kudya mitundu iyi ya nyama:

1. Chiwindi (nkhuku / ng'ombe);
2. Nkhuku zaku Turkey;
3. Chikuku
4. Ng'ombe;
5. Nyama ya Kalulu;
6. Nyama ya Quail;
7. Ziyankhulo.

Kuchokera ku nsomba mumatha kukwera, pollock ndi nsomba. Amayenera kudyedwa osachepera 2 pa sabata. Kwa phala yokongoletsa ndiyabwino kwambiri. Amawiritsa m'madzi, sangawerengeredwe ndi nyama.

Mutha kudya zipatso monga izi:

• Mpunga wakuda;
• Buckwheat
• Ngale barele;
• Yachka.

Nthawi zina mutha kudzichitira nokha pasitala wopangidwa ndi tirigu wa durum. Mutha kudya dzira limodzi la dzira patsiku musanafike mapuloteni. Pazakudya, mutha kudya mkaka wonse, kupatula womwe uli ndi mafuta ambiri. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakudya masana.

Malonda otsatirawa ali pamndandanda wobiriwira:

• Tchizi tchizi;
• Mkaka
• Othandizira;
• Kirimu mpaka 10%;
• Yogurts zosasangalatsa;
• Tofu;
• Ryazhenka.

Chakudya chamkango chimayenera kukhala ndi masamba. Mutha kupanga saladi kapena mbale yam'mbali kwa iwo.

Mloza wotsika kwambiri m'masamba ngati awa:

1. Garlic ndi anyezi;
2. Biringanya
3. Nkhaka
4. Tomato
5. Tsabola wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana;
6. Zukini;
7. Kabichi iliyonse;
8. Nandolo zatsopano ndi zouma.

Wodwalayo sakhala ndi malire pazakudya ndi zonunkhira. Oregano, basil, turmeric, sipinachi, parsley, katsabola kapena thyme amatha kusiyanitsidwa bwino ndi mbale.

Ndikofunika kuphatikiza muzakudya zanu:

• Ma currants;
• Plums;
• Mapeyala
• Ma rasipiberi;
• Blueberries
• Maapulo
• Apricots
• Nectarines.

Mutha kudya zakudya zambiri zosiyanasiyana pa zakudya zamafuta ochepa. Musawope kuti zakudya zanu sizikhala zosasangalatsa komanso zodandaula.

Kusewera masewera

Akatswiri a masewera olimbitsa thupi amakhulupirira kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yolimbana ndi insulin. Pa maphunziro, insulin sensitivity imawonjezeka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe a glucose panthawi yopanga minofu.

Pambuyo pa katundu, mphamvuyo imachepa, pomwe njira za insulin mwachindunji zimayamba. Chifukwa cha zotsatira zake za anabolic komanso anti-catabolic, insulin imathandizira kuperewera kwa glycogen.

Kunena mwachidule, ponyamula katundu, thupi limatenga mamolekyulu a glycogen (glucose) momwe angathere ndipo, pambuyo pophunzitsidwa, thupi limatha glycogen. Kuzindikira kwa insulin kumawonjezeka chifukwa chakuti minofu ilibe mphamvu zotsalira.

Izi ndizosangalatsa: madokotala amalimbikitsa kuyang'ana pakuphunzitsira anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2.

Aerobic kulimbitsa thupi ndi njira yabwino yolimbana ndi insulin. Pa katunduyu, shuga amapsa mwachangu. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa Cardio pang'ono kapena kwambiri kumatha kukulitsa chidwi cha masiku asanu ndi anayi otsatirawa. Kusintha kowoneka kwalembedwa patadutsa sabata yophunzitsidwa ndi zolimbitsa thupi zosachepera ziwiri za Cardio.

Ngati makalasi amachitika nthawi yayitali, mphamvu zolimba zimatha kupitilira kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngati nthawi ina munthu angosiya masewera mwadzidzidzi ndikupewa kulimbitsa thupi, kukana insulini kudzabweranso.

Katundu wamphamvu

Ubwino wophunzitsira mphamvu sikuti umangokulitsa chidwi cha insulin, komanso kumanga minofu. Amadziwika kuti minofu imatenga kwambiri mamolekyulu a glucose osati panthawi yokhayo yokha, komanso pambuyo pake.

Pambuyo pophunzitsidwa mphamvu za 4, ngakhale panthawi yopumula, mphamvu ya insulini idzakulitsidwa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga (malinga kuti simunadye nawo muyeso) kuchepa. Mukamanyamula katundu kwambiri, zimamveketsa chizindikiritso.

Kutsutsa kwa insulin kumachotsedwa bwino ndi njira yolumikizirana yochita zolimbitsa thupi. Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri ndizojambulidwa ndikusinthana kwa aerobic ndi kulimbitsa mphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, mumapita ku malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi Lolemba, Lachitatu, Lachisanu, ndi Lamlungu. Chitani Cardio Lolemba ndi Lachisanu (mwachitsanzo, kuthamanga, kuthamanga, kuyendetsa njinga), ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi Lachitatu ndi Lamlungu.

Pomaliza

Kukana kwa insulin kumatha kukhala kotetezeka ngati kumakula motsutsana ndi maziko amachitidwe monga kutha msinkhu kapena kutenga pakati. Nthawi zina, izi zimawonedwa kuti ndi matenda oopsa a metabolic.

Ndikosavuta kutchula zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, komabe, anthu onenepa kwambiri amakonda. Kuchepa kumeneku nthawi zambiri sikuyenda ndi zizindikiro zowoneka bwino.

Ngati sanapatsidwe, kuphwanya kwa insulini kumatha kuyambitsa matenda a shuga komanso matenda osiyanasiyana a mtima. Zochizira kukomoka, mankhwala, zolimbitsa thupi ndi zakudya zapadera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.