Anthu omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga kapena shuga wambiri amalangizidwa kuti azizitsatira pafupipafupi - kangapo patsiku.
Zachidziwikire, simuthamangira kuchipatala kapena ku labotale, ndipo ma glucometer akunyumba amapulumutsidwa: adakulula chala chanu, ndikukhetsa dontho la magazi, ndipo zotsatira zake zimadziwika nthawi yomweyo.
Mwachilengedwe, kuti tiwone zotsatira zake, ndikofunikira kudziwa tanthauzo la shuga m'magazi a capillary, kuti ngati shuga achulukitsidwa kwambiri kapena kuchepetsedwa, chitanipo kanthu nthawi yomweyo.
Kusiyana pakati pa kusanthula kwa magazi a capillary ndi venous
Mwinanso kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndiye kuyesa kofala kwambiri. Kuchita kafukufukuyu kumatithandizira kuzindikira osati zovuta za dongosolo lamagazi, komanso matenda a ziwalo zosiyanasiyana (mwina osazindikirika ndi wodwalayo), komanso njira zobisika zotupa mthupi.
Mwa kusanthula, zinthu - magazi - zitha kutengedwa m'njira ziwiri:
- kuchokera pachala chala (nthawi zambiri chala chakumanzere cha dzanja lamanzere) - magazi oterewa amatchedwa capillary;
- kuchokera kumitsempha (makamaka pamphepete mwa nsonga) - zinthuzo zimatchedwa venous.
Kukonzekera kusonkhanitsa zakuthupi mwanjira iliyonse sikusiyana: tikulimbikitsidwa kupereka magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu, tsiku loti lisanachitike kuyesedwa ndikofunikira kuti musamapanikizike kwambiri, kupsinjika, kumwa mowa.
Potengera kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala, magazi omwe amatengedwa kuchokera mu chala ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera mu mtsempha: capillary imakhala ndi leukocytes yocheperako, "imakhala yosauka" kuyerekezera ndi venous. Kuphatikiza apo, pakuwunikira, magazi a capillary amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa mawonekedwe "oyera" - monga momwe idalandiridwira, ndipo plasma imadzipatula kuchokera ku venous ndipo mawonekedwe ake adawunikiridwa kale.
Izi ndichifukwa choti magazi a venous samakhazikika komanso amasintha kapangidwe kake pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimatha kusintha mayeso.
Chifukwa cha kusiyana pakati pa mitundu iwiri ya magazi, zotsatira za kuwunika komweko komwe kumachitika pa capillary ndi venous magazi ndizosiyana, koma zikhalidwe zabwino zimasiyana.
Chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi otengedwa kuchokera kumunwe kumasiyana kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga mu plasma ya venous magazi.
Mlingo wa shuga m'magazi kuchokera pachala chala pamimba yopanda kanthu: tebulo ndi zaka
Mtengo wazizindikiro zoyenera zamagulu a shuga sizimadalira jenda: kwa amuna ndi akazi omwe ali ofanana.
Koma zizolowezi ndizosiyana kwa anthu amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana: mwa ana obadwa kumene, chikhalidwe chokhazikika chimakhala chotsika kuposa achinyamata kapena achikulire (izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti mwa ana kapamba sanakonzekere mokwanira ndipo sagwira ntchito mwamphamvu zonse), ndipo mwa okalamba, msuzi wa shuga wabwino magazi amaloledwa kukhala okwera kuposa omwe achinyamata.
Tebulo likuwonetsa momwe shuga yochepa m'magazi a capillary amasinthira pamimba yopanda kanthu pamoyo:
| Zaka zazaka | Chikhalidwe cha shuga, mmol / l |
| 0-1 | 2,8-4,4 |
| 1-7 | 3,0-4,7 |
| 7-14 | 3,2-5,6 |
| 14-60 | 3,3-5,5 |
| 60-90 | 4,6-6,4 |
| >90 | 4,2-6,7 |
Mukatha kudya, msuzi wa shuga umakwera, ndipo malire apamwamba abwinobwino kwa munthu wamkulu ndi 7.8 mmol / L.
Kuphatikiza apo, mwa amayi panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati, mawonekedwe "abwinobwino" amasunthika pang'ono: panthawiyi, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatha kuchulukitsidwa pang'ono, ndipo mfundo kuchokera ku 4.6 mpaka 6.7 mmol / L zimawonedwa ngati zabwinobwino.
Chizindikiro chowonjezeka chikuwonetsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga a m'mimba - mkhalidwe womwe ndi wowopsa kwa mayi ndi mwana wosabadwa.
Miyezo yopitilira muyeso imayambitsa matenda ena m'thupi mpaka matenda a shuga. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a capillary kukwezedwa, maphunziro owonjezera amalembedwa, omwe magazi a venous angagwiritsidwe ntchito kale.
Mulingo wovomerezeka wa m'madzi a m'magazi a shuga m'mamawa musanadye
Malingaliro abwinobwino ndiowona kwa wathanzi. Pankhani ya kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a capillary a 7.0 mmol / l, matenda a shuga atha kunena zambiri.
Kuyesedwa kwa shuga m'magazi komanso kuwunika kwa hemoglobin kumathandizira kumveketsa bwino matendawa. Kutengera zakwanthawi zonse pazotsatira za mayesowa, mutha kupanga kapena kukana kuzindikirika kwa matenda a shuga.
Tebulo likuwonetsa zoyeserera zofananira (zapakati) za anthu odwala matenda ashuga komanso anthu athanzi:
| Mtundu wa kusanthula | Matenda a shuga ndi | Palibe matenda ashuga |
| Shuga m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu, mmol / l | 5,0-7,2 | 3,9-5,0 |
| Shuga pambuyo pa 1 ndi 2 maola mutatha kudya, mmol / l | pafupifupi 10,0 | osapitilira 5.5 |
| Glycated hemoglobin,% | 6,5-7 | 4,6-5,4 |
Zolinga ndi chiwopsezo pakupatuka kwa zizindikiro kuchokera ku chizolowezi
Zomwe zimayambitsa kwambiri pakupatuka kwa zotsatira za kusanthula kuchokera kwazomwe zikuchitika ndi hyperglycemia ndi hypoglycemia.
Kuchulukitsa
Nthawi zambiri, shuga m'magazi amapitilira muyeso wabwino. Potere, amalankhula za hyperglycemia.
Zizindikiro za hyperglycemia ndi:
- ludzu losalekeza;
- kukoka pafupipafupi komanso kofikira;
- kamwa yowuma, kulephera kuledzera;
- kuyabwa kwa khungu, kuuma ndi kuwonongeka kwa khungu;
- kuthamanga kwadzidzidzi, kupuma movutikira;
- kufooka.
Hyperglycemia ndiyowopsa chifukwa imatha kuyamba msanga kwambiri ndipo imakhala yofanana kwambiri: chifukwa chake matenda amtundu 1 wa ana amapezeka nthawi zambiri pokhapokha akagonekedwa kuchipatala ali ndi vuto laukoma.
Kuchepetsa
Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga kulibe bwino, matendawa amatchedwa hypoglycemia. Zakudya zoperewera, kupsinjika, kuchuluka kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kudya mosamalitsa wokhala ndi chakudya chochepa cha thupi kumayambitsa kutsika kwa shuga.
Mu anthu odwala matenda ashuga, hypoglycemia imatheka chifukwa chamadongosolo apiritsi ambiri kuti muchepetse shuga kapena ziphuphu zakumaso.
Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia ndi:
- kutopa, kusasamala;
- kumverera kwa kufooka, chizungulire;
- kukwiya, miliri yaukali;
- nseru
- kumva kwamphamvu njala.
Chifukwa chake, bongo limayimira kusowa kwa michere, yomwe glucose yake ndi yake.
Ngati, ndi zizindikiro zotere, njira zowonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga sizinatengedwe (mwachitsanzo, kudya maswiti), ndiye kuti vuto la munthuyo likuipira: kukomoka, kusowa chikumbumtima, munthu akhoza kugwa.
Kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi glucometer kunyumba
Mamita a glucose am'magazi, oyenerera kuyeza shuga a magazi nthawi iliyonse, kulikonse, ali ponseponse.
Kuchepa kwawo kuli poti munthu yemwe amakakamizidwa kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga amatha kuzichita mosavuta kunyumba kapena kuntchito, safunikira kuthamangira kuchipatala kapena ku labotale tsiku lililonse, ndipo zotsatira zake zimadziwika m'mphindi zochepa.
Kuti umboni ukhale wodalirika, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo ena:
- kusamba m'manja musanalandire magazi;
- muyenera kusungira mabandeji oyesa ndikuwonetsetsa masiku ake atha ntchito (kotero, mutatsegula chidebe ndi mizere ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa miyezi itatu);
- njira yophatikiza magazi ndikuyiyika pa analyzer imafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane mu malangizo a chipangizocho: muyenera kuchitsatira mosamala;
- ngati mita sakukumbukira zotsatira zake, ndibwino kuti alembe m'bukhu lowerengera ndi tsiku ndi nthawi ya muyeso;
- Chipangizocho chimayenera kusungidwa pamalo oteteza, kutali ndi dzuwa.
Makanema okhudzana nawo
Za kuyesa kwa magazi kuchokera kumunwe ndi kuchokera mu mtsempha mu kanema:
Njira yoyeza glucose wam'magazi ndi mita ya glucose yakunyumba ndizosavuta, ndipo kufalikira kwa miyezo sikukhudza moyo. Komanso, njirayi ndiyofunika kwa odwala matenda ashuga: thanzi lawo ndi moyo wawo zimadalira.
