Levemir Flexpen ndi Penfil - malangizo, ntchito, mayendedwe, ndemanga

Levemir ndi mankhwala a hypoglycemic omwe ali ofanana mu kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala ndi zochita kwa insulin yaumunthu. Mankhwalawa ali m'gulu la anthu omwe amapanganso insulin.

Levemir Flexpen ndi cholembera cha insulin chapadera ndi chothandizira. Chifukwa cha izo, insulini imatha kutumizidwa kuchokera ku 1 unit mpaka 60 mayunitsi. Kusintha kwa Mlingo kumapezeka mgulu limodzi.

Patsamba lamankhwala ogulitsa mankhwala mumatha kupeza Levemir Penfill ndi Levemir Flekspen. Kodi amasiyana bwanji wina ndi mnzake? Kapangidwe konse ndi mlingo, njira ya makonzedwe ali chimodzimodzi. Kusiyana pakati pa oimira ali pamtundu wa kumasulidwa. Levemir Penfill ndi makatoni omwe angathe kusintha m'malo mwake. Ndipo Levemir Flekspen ndi cholembera chotchinga chomwe ndichiphatikiza ndi cartridge yolumikizidwa mkati.

Kupanga

Chofunikira chachikulu pa mankhwalawa ndi kunyansidwa ndi insulin. Ndi insulin yamaumboni yaumunthu yomwe imapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chibadwa cha bakiteriya ya Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mlingo wa yogwira 1 mg wa yankho ndi 100 IU kapena 14.2 mg. Kuphatikiza apo, 1 unit ya recombinant insulin Levemir ndi ofanana 1 unit ya insulin ya munthu.

Zowonjezera zina zimathandizira. Gawo lililonse limayang'anira ntchito zina. Amakhazikitsa kapangidwe ka yankho, amapereka zofunika zapadera kwa mankhwalawa, kukulitsa nthawi yosungirako ndi moyo wa alumali.

Komanso, zinthuzi zimathandizira kukonza komanso kukonza ma pharmacokinetics ndi ma pharmacodynamics a kantheya kogwira ntchito: amasintha bioavailability, kupangika kwa minofu, kuchepetsa mapuloteni am magazi, kuwongolera kagayidwe kazinthu ndi njira zina zochotsera.

Zinthu zina zotsatirazi zimaphatikizidwa ndi yankho la mankhwalawa:

• Glycerol - 16 mg;
• Metacresol - 2.06 mg;
• Zinc acetate - 65.4 mcg;
• Phenol - 1,8 mg;
• Sodium chloride - 1.17 mg;
• Hydrochloric acid - q.s .;
• Hydrogen phosphate dihydrate - 0,89 mg;
• Madzi a jakisoni - mpaka 1 ml.

Mankhwala

Levemir insulin ndi mawonekedwe a insulin yaumunthu yokhala ndi nthawi yayitali, yosanja mawonekedwe. Kuchitidwa kwa mtundu wosachedwa kumachitika chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwakukulu komwe kumayenderana ndi ma mamolekyulu a mankhwala.

Amanganso ena kumapuloteni m'dera lamatumbo. Zonsezi zimachitika pamalo operekera jakisoni, kotero kuti insulin ya insulin imalowera m'magazi pang'onopang'ono. Ndipo zimakhala zofunikira zimalandira mlingo wofunikira pambuyo pake ndi ena oimira insulin. Njira izi zimathandizira kugawa mankhwalawa, omwe amathandiza kuyamwa komanso chidziwitso cha kagayidwe.

Akuluakulu analimbikitsa mlingo wa 0,2-0.4 U / kg umafika hafu ya mphamvu pambuyo maola atatu. Nthawi zina, nthawi imeneyi imatha kuchedwa mpaka maola 14.

Pokhudzana ndi pharmacodynamics ndi pharmacokinetics a mankhwala a Levemir, mlingo woyenera wa insulin ungathe kutumikiridwa katatu patsiku. Kutalika kwapakati kuchitapo kanthu ndi maola 24.

Pharmacokinetics

Mankhwalawa amafikira kuchuluka kwake m'magazi patatha maola 6-8 pambuyo pa kuperekedwa. Kuphatikiza kosalekeza kwa mankhwalawa kumatheka ndi kuwongolera kawiri patsiku ndipo kumakhazikika pambuyo pa jakisoni 3. Mosiyana ndi insulin yina yoyambira, kusiyanasiyana kwa mayamwidwe ndi magawidwe kumakhala kosadalira pa umunthu wake. Komanso, palibe kudalira mtundu ndi jenda.

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti Levemir insulin kwenikweni sikugwirizana ndi mapuloteni, ndipo zochuluka za mankhwalawa zimazungulira m'madzi am'magazi (kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kufikira 0,1 l / kg). Insulin yolimbitsa thupi mu chiwindi ndi kuchotsedwa kwa ma metabolites osagwira.

Hafu ya moyo imatsimikiziridwa ndi kudalira nthawi yonyowetsedwa m'magazi pambuyo pa kayendetsedwe ka subcutaneous. Pafupifupi theka la moyo wodalira mlingo ndi maola 6-7.

Zizindikiro ndi contraindication

Contraindication pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndi kupezeka kwa tsankho kwa chinthu chachikulu chothandizira ndi zigawo zina zothandizira. Komanso, kudya komwe kumatsutsana ndi ana osaposa zaka ziwiri chifukwa chosowa maphunziro azachipatala m'gulu la odwala.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito

Insulin Levemir yemwe amagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali amatengedwa 1 kapena 2 kawiri pa tsiku ngati mankhwala oyambira a bolus. Kuphatikiza apo, imodzi mwamwa imathandizidwa kwambiri madzulo asanagone kapena chakudya chamadzulo. Izi zimalepheretsanso kugona kwa hypoglycemia usiku.

Mlingo amasankhidwa ndi dokotala payekhapayekha kwa wodwala aliyense. Mlingo komanso pafupipafupi kayendetsedwe kazinthu zimadalira zolimbitsa thupi la munthu, mfundo za zakudya, kuchuluka kwa shuga, kuopsa kwa matendawa komanso momwe wodwala amayendera tsiku ndi tsiku. Komanso, chithandizo choyambirira sichitha kusankha kamodzi. Kusinthasintha kulikonse kwa mfundo zomwe zili pamwambapa kuyenera kudziwitsidwa kwa dokotala, ndipo mlingo wonse watsiku ndi tsiku uyenera kufotokozedwanso.

Komanso, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumasintha ndikukula kwa matenda aliwonse oyanjana kapena kufunikira kwa kuchitapo kanthu.

Levemir angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati monotherapy, komanso kuphatikiza kuyambitsa ma insulin apafupi kapena mankhwala a pakamwa a hypoglycemic. Pali chithandizo chokwanira, kuchuluka kwa kuvomerezeka ndi nthawi 1. Mulingo woyenera ndi magawo 10 kapena 0,1 - 0,2 mailogalamu / kg.

Nthawi yoyang'anira masana imatsimikiziridwa ndi wodwala iyemwini, monga momwe iyenera iye. Koma tsiku lililonse muyenera kubaya mankhwala mosamala nthawi yomweyo.

Levemir imayendetsedwa pokhapokha. Njira zina zoyendetsera zimayambitsa zovuta mu mawonekedwe a hypoglycemia. Sizingathe kutumikiridwa kudzera m'mitsempha ndipo makonzedwe amkati ayenera kupewedwa. Mankhwala sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamapampu a insulin.

Levemir Flekspen amathandizira kubaya moyenera mankhwalawa mu mafuta ochepetsa. Popeza kutalika kwa singano kumakhala kwakukulu. Jekeseni aliyense amayenera kuyikidwa m'malo atsopano kuti apewe kukula kwa lipodystrophy. Ngati mankhwalawo adalowetsedwa m'dera limodzi, ndiye kuti simungathe kubayira mankhwalawo pamalo omwewo.

Madera omwe atsimikizidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito poyambira:

1. M'chiuno
2. Mapewa
3. Matako
4. Khoma pamimba;
5. Dera lokhala ndi minyewa yotsekemera.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito moyenera Levemir Grip

Musanagule malonda, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti chikwama cha bokosi ndi pisitoni ya mphira ndi chisungiko. Gawo lowoneka la piston siliyenera kupitirira gawo lalikulu la mzere wolembapo yoyera. Kupanda kutero, izi zidzakhala nthawi yobwezera katundu kwa woperekera katundu.

Pamaso jakisoni, muyenera kuyang'ana Levemir Flekspen ndikuonetsetsa kuti ikugwira, kukonzekera cholembera kuti chichitike:

1. Tayang'anani pa pisitoni ya mphira;
2. Onani kukhulupirika kwa cartridge;
3. Onani dzina la mankhwalawo ndikuonetsetsa kuti mtundu wa insulin woyenera wasankhidwa;
4. Nthawi iliyonse gwiritsani ntchito singano yatsopano kuperekera mlingo kuti muchepetse matenda.

Chowaka sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi:

• Ngati atha ntchito kapena kuzizira kwa mankhwalawo;
• Kuphwanya umphumphu wa cartridge kapena magwiridwe antchito;
• Ngati yankho litembenuka kuchokera pomwepo kukhala kwamitambo;
• Kusalolera payekhapayekha pazigawo;
• Ndi shuga wamagazi ochepa.

Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito cartridge, simungathe kuikonzanso ndi insulin. Komanso, ngati njira yosamala, makina oyendetsera zinthu ayenera kuvala kuti apewe mankhwala omwe akusowa chifukwa chakufooka m'dongosolo lalikulu. Pazovuta zovuta ndi ma insulin angapo, ndikofunikira kuti aliyense akhale ndi kachitidwe kosiyana kupatula kusakanikirana kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwira.

Malangizo a gawo lililonse a Levemir Flekspen

Singano iyenera kugwiridwa mwachisamaliro makamaka chisamaliro chikuyenera kutengedwa kuti osapinda kapena kutonthola. Pewani kuyika chida chamkati pa singano. Izi zimadzetsa ma punctrate owonjezera.

1. Chotsani nsonga yapadera ku cholembera;
2. Tengani singano yotaya ndikuchotsa mosamala filimu yoteteza ku singanoyo mwa kuipukusa pa cholembera;
3. Singano ili ndi kapu yayikulu yoteteza kunja yomwe imayenera kuchotsedwa ndikuisunga;
4. Ndiye chotsani kapu yodzikongoletsa yamkati kuchokera singano, yomwe muyenera kutaya;
5. Onani kuchuluka kwa insulin. Imeneyi ndi njira yofunikira, chifukwa nthawi zambiri kugwiritsa ntchito kogwiritsa ntchito molondola sikumatula kupwetekeka kwa mpweya. Kuti asalowe m'mafuta onunkhira, muyenera kukhazikika pa 2 PIECES pogwiritsa ntchito chosankha;
6. Sinthani cholembera kuti singano itoloze. Dinani pa cartridge ndi chala chanu kuti zilembo zonse zam'mlengalenga zisonkhane mu imodzi yayikulu kutsogolo kwa singano;
7. Kupitiliza kugwira chogwirizira pano, muyenera kukanikiza batani loyambira njira yonse kuti wosankha wa mankhwalawa asonyeze 0 PIECES. Nthawi zambiri, dontho la yankho liyenera kuwonekera pa singano. Kupanda kutero, ngati izi sizinachitike, muyenera kutenga singano yatsopano ndikubwereza njira zomwe zili pamwambazi. Kuchulukitsa kwa kuyesera sikuyenera kupitilira 6. Ngati zoyeserera zonse sizinaphule kanthu, ndiye kuti cholembera sichili cholakwika ndipo chitha kutaya;
8. Tsopano muyenera kukhazikitsa njira yothandizira achire. Pankhaniyi, chosankha chiyenera kuwonetsa 0. Kenako tikukhazikitsa mlingo womwe mukufuna. Itha kuzungulira mbali iliyonse. Panthawi ya malamulo, ndikofunikira kusamalira wosankhidwa mosamala kuti musagwire batani loyambira ndikutsanulira insulini yolemba. Ubwino wa cholembera cha Levemir Flexpen umagonanso poti sizingatheke kukhazikitsa mlingo wa mankhwalawa mopitilira kukhalapo kwa mayunitsi a insulin pakatoni;
9. Ikani singano pansi pa khungu pogwiritsa ntchito njira yokhazikika. Mtundu wa singano ukadayikidwa mu mafuta obisika, muyenera kukanikiza batani loyambira mpaka litayima. Ndipo sungani malo awa mpaka chizindikiritso cha mankhwalawo chikuwonetsa 0. Ngati mutakanikiza kapena kusinthanitsa wosankhidwa panthawi ya makonzedwe, mankhwalawa amakhalabe m'chole, kotero muyenera kuyang'anira zala zanu mosamala
10. Singano iyenera kukokedwa pamodzi ndi njira yomweyo idayikidwira. Batani loyambira limasindikizidwa nthawi yonseyi kutuluka kwathunthu kwa mlingo wotchulidwa;
11. Pogwiritsa ntchito kapu yayikulu yakunja, vula singano ndikuitaya osayichotsa.

Musasungire cholembera ndi singano, popeza izi ndizodzaza ndi kutulutsa kwamadzi ndi kuwononga kwa malonda. Mosamala kwambiri muyenera kusunga ndikuyeretsa cholembera. Kugwedezeka kulikonse kapena kuponya kungawononge cartridge.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito insulin Levemir kwa nthawi yayitali zimachitika pafupifupi 12% ya odwala. Theka la milandu yonse yomwe imachitika imayimiriridwa ndi hypoglycemia.

Komanso, makina amtundu wa subcutaneous amadziwika ndi zovuta zakumaloko. Amafotokozedwanso nthawi zambiri ndikamayambitsa insulinant insulin poyerekeza ndi anthu. Amatha kuwonetsa ngati ululu wakomweko, redness, kutupa, kufinya, kuyabwa, ndi kutupa.

Nthawi zambiri zimachitikira pang'onopang'ono komanso zimadalira wodwala. Zotsatira zoyipa zimayenera kutha pakangotha ​​milungu yochepa ndikulandila kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mwa zina mwatsatanetsatane zomwe zimachitika, kutupa ndi kusokonezeka kwapadera kumatha kuonedwa. Kuwonjezeranso kwa mkhalidwe kumawonekeranso motsutsana ndi chiyambi cha kufalikira kwa matenda osokoneza bongo: kupweteka kwambiri kwa neuropathy ndi matenda ashuga retinopathy. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha kuyambika kwa kayendetsedwe ka glycemic ndikusamalika kosalekeza kwamagulu a shuga.

Zovuta zomwe sizili zachindunji zimaphatikizapo zizindikiritso zamankhwala ambiri. Amakhala amunthu payekhapayekha ndipo zimadalira momwe thupi limafunira pakudya zomwe zimagwira ndi zina zowonjezera zonse.

Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Kusokonezeka kwamitsempha yamitsempha: dzanzi la miyendo, kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kuwonjezereka kwa kupweteka, kuchuluka kwa mitsempha, kusokonekera kwa Reflexion ndi kuwona;
• Mavuto a kagayidwe kazakudya: hypoglycemia;
• Zotsatira zoyipa poyipa: kuyabwa, kuyimira chitetezo chamthupi poyipa, urticaria, Quincke edema, anaphylactic mantha;
• Zina: zotumphukira edema, lipodystrophy.

Bongo

Mlingo weniweni womwe umayambitsa chithunzithunzi. Popeza zimatengera zovuta za wodwalayo, kudalira insulini komanso zakudya zapamwamba za wodwalayo.

Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia:

• Pakamwa pakamwa;
• W ludzu;
• Chizungulire
• Thukuta lozizira;
• Ntchentche pamaso;
• Tinnitus;
• Kuchepetsa mseru
• Kuzindikira koperewera kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Pokhudzana ndi nthawi ya mankhwalawa hypoglycemia imachitika bwino, nthawi zambiri usiku kapena madzulo.

Ndi hypoglycemia wofatsa, wodwalayo amatha kulimbana ndi vutoli payekha. Kuti muchite izi, tengani yankho la shuga, shuga kapena chinthu chilichonse chomwe chili ndi mafuta ambiri othamanga mkati. Chifukwa chakulephera kuwongolera njirayi, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin amalimbikitsidwa kuti azinyamula maswiti.

Ngati vutoli likukulirakulira ndipo likuyenda limodzi ndi chikumbumtima, ndikufunika kuyamba chithandizo cha mankhwala. Ndi thandizo loyamba, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa insulin antagonist - glucagon mu kuchuluka kwa 0,5 - 1 mg intramuscularly kapena subcutaneally.

Ngati mankhwala oterowo alibe pafupi, mutha kulowamo msanga momwe mungathere mankhwala ena a mahomoni - okonda zachilengedwe a insulin. Chifukwa cha izi, glucocorticosteroids, catecholamines, mahomoni olimbikitsa chithokomiro kapena mahomoni okula angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Monga chithandizo chothandizira komanso chododometsa, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa kukoka kwa dextrose (glucose). Pambuyo matenda a chikumbumtima, kudya chakudya chambiri komanso chochepa pang'onopang'ono.

Migwirizano ndi magwiritsidwe akusungidwa

Sungani mankhwalawo mufiriji kutentha kwa madigiri 2-8. Malowa sayenera kukhala pafupi ndi mufiriji. Amakanizidwa kuti amasule mankhwalawo.

Makatoni otseguka amasungidwa pokhapokha ngati zolembera. Siyenera kukhazikitsidwa kapena kuzizira. Makatoni kapena cholembera chogwiritsidwa ntchito chimayenera kusungidwa pamatenthedwe mpaka madigiri 30. Moyo wapamwamba kwambiri wa alumali ndi masabata 6 kuyambira tsiku lotseguka.

Ndikofunikira kusunga mankhwalawo m'malo amdima, otetezedwa ku kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi kuwala kowonjezera. Ngati ndizosatheka kutsimikizira zotere, sungani malo otetezamo omwe insulin idagulidwa.

Alumali kwambiri moyo wa mankhwalawa ndi zaka 2.5. Tsiku lotha ntchito litasonyezedwa phukusi, kugwiritsa ntchito ndizoletsedwa.

Analogi

Levemir Flexpen ndi Penfil amapangidwa ndi Novo Nordisk, kampani yopanga mankhwala ku Denmark. Ku Russia, mtengo wa cartridge ndi cholembera ndizofanana ndipo zimasiyana pakati pa 1900 - 3100 rubles. Mtengo wapakati pama pharmacies ku Russia ndi ma ruble 2660.

Levemir si kampani yokhayo yoyimiranso insulin. Pali fanizo la mankhwalawa, koma m'dziko lathu mulibe ambiri:

1. Lantus;
2. Lantus Optiset;
3. Lantus Solostar;
4. Aylar;
5. Monodar ultralong;
6. Tozheo Solostar;
7. Tresiba Flextach.

Woyimira aliyense ali ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zake. Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwalawa kumakhalabe ndi wodwala ndi dokotala, chifukwa zinthu zambiri zimakhudza chisankho ichi.

Ndemanga