Matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri ndi woyamba ndi matenda oopsa, omwe ali ndi zovuta zingapo zomwe zimapangidwa pakupanga matenda osiyanasiyana. Chimodzi mwazinthu zosasangalatsa za matenda ashuga, zomwe zimayamba mwa 50% ya odwala, ndiko kuphwanya myocardial.
Anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto la mtima. Kuphatikiza apo, kudalira insulini kumatha kuyambitsa matenda omwe amayamba ngakhale ali aang'ono, omwe amasiyanitsa wodwala matenda ashuga ndi munthu wathanzi.
Mwambiri, mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga a mellitus ndi myocardial infarction ndi matenda oopsa omwe amafunikira chithandizo chamanthawi yomweyo ndikuwunikira nthawi zonse zaumoyo.
Zomwe zimachitika ndi vuto la mtima ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri kapena woyamba ndi awa:
- kufupika kwakukulu kwa mipata;
- kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa shuga m'magazi, kumathandizira kusonkhanitsa cholesterol pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi;
- mapangidwe a atherosulinotic malo ndi zina.
Izi ndizomwe zimawerengedwa kuti ndizofunikira kwambiri pakupanga matenda a mtima, i.e. ischemia, arrhythmia, angina pectoris, ndi kulephera kwa mtima.
Kukhazikitsidwa kuti matenda ashuga amathandizira kusintha kwakukulu m'magazi, chifukwa chake amapeza kusasinthasintha komanso kosasinthika. Tsoka ilo, m'malo otere, kubadwa kwa myocardial kumapitirira pang'ono zovuta.
Mawonekedwe amagazi a odwala matenda ashuga
Kapangidwe ka magazi m'magazi a anthu kumayambitsa kufupika kwakukulu m'mitsempha. Zotsatira zake, kufalikira kwamagazi kwabwinobwino kumasokonezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwoneka ngati wamenyedwe.
Zolakwika zimachitika mu kugwira ntchito kwa minofu ya mtima, zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi, womwe umadziwika ndi kubadwa kwa myocardial. Chochitika chovuta ichi nthawi zambiri chimapha munthu.
Tcherani khutu! Matenda a mtima omwe amayenda ndi matenda osokoneza bongo amatchedwa otchedwa shuga.
Nthawi zambiri, ndi shuga wambiri, pampu yamtima, myocardium ndi kupopa magazi kumadwala matenda a shuga. Pang'onopang'ono, mtima umakulira chifukwa cha kulephera mtima.
Kuphatikiza pa chilichonse, odwala matenda ashuga amakumana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi chifukwa chomwe amakhala ndi zovuta zambiri (mwachitsanzo, aneurysm ya aortic imapangidwa). Vutoli limakonda kusokoneza njira zobadwanso mwatsopano, zomwe zimatha kubweretsa chilonda chamtsogolo. Chifukwa chake, pali mwayi kuti minofu yamtima ikang'ambika ndipo munthu akafa.
Kafukufuku wambiri adawona kuti mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba 1 komanso mtundu wa 2, mwayi wachiwiri wokhudzana ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ndi oopsa kwambiri.
Zofunika! Kulephera kwamtima kosalekeza kumachitika chifukwa cha kukula kwa ntchito ya systolic.
Komanso, shuga wambiri amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe kachakudya. Amadziwika kuti mwa munthu wodalira insulin, kukula kwa stroko komanso infarction yaying'ono-yokhazikika yozungulira imatha kusinthidwa kukhala hemorrhage yayikulu-4 nthawi zambiri poyerekeza ndi munthu wathanzi.
Kuphatikiza apo, angina amapezeka nthawi zambiri, akuwonetsedwa ndi zowawa m'dera la chifuwa. Ngati “chizindikiro cha mtima” umodzi wapezeka, ndiye kuti dokotalayo akufotokozerani vuto lakumanzere ndi kuluma kwa zotupa.
Asymptomatic kugunda kwamtima zizindikiro ndi gulu lowopsa
Chochititsa chidwi, odwala matenda ashuga samva kupweteka kulikonse mumtima. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mtundu wa 1 komanso mtundu wa 2 shuga umachepetsa mphamvu ya minyewa yamkati. Chifukwa chake, odwala sangamve kupweteka kwambiri.
Komabe, pakakhala chisamaliro chofunikira, wodwalayo amapanga mitundu yonse yamavuto omwe amakhudza osati thanzi lokha, komanso laumoyo.
Zofunika! Ngati sanachiritsidwe, kumangidwa kwa mtima kumachitika.
Chifukwa chake, atazindikira mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, wodwalayo amakakamizidwa kuwunika momwe alili, kuona mosamala za matendawa, potalikitsa moyo wake.
Gulu lamavuto
Zodziwikiratu, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda monga matenda ashuga mellitus ndi myocardial infarction amagwera m'gulu lachiwopsezo, makamaka ngati anali ochokera kwa wachibale (mwa amuna azaka zapakati pa 65 ndi kubereka azimayi osakwana 55).
Matenda oopsa oopsa komanso matenda oopsa, zomwe zingasokoneze ntchito yamtima. Ndipo chizolowezi chonga kusuta chimaonjezera chiopsezo chodwala matenda a mtima. Komanso, chikonga ndi utsi wa ndudu zimayambitsa kuwonongeka msanga kwamitsempha.
Kulemera kwambiri (m'chiuno mwa amuna opitirira 100 masentimita, mwa azimayi opitilira 90) kumawonetsa cholesterol yosauka, kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha malo opezeka ndi ziwonetsero komanso kumafooka m'magazi.
Ponena za cholesterol, kuthamanga kwake kumakwiyitsa kukula kwa matenda amtima, koma kutsika kwambiri kumavulazanso mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi. Chifukwa chake, cholesterol iyenera kukhala yogwirizana nthawi zonse, ndipo imatha kuwongoleredwa pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chofunikira poyeza cholesterol.
Kuphatikiza apo, zomwe zimayambitsa myocardial infarction zitha kugona pazowonjezereka za minofu ya adipose m'thupi.
Kuchokera pazomwe tafotokozazi, zikutanthauza kuti atazindikira ndi kupeza chomwe chimayambitsa matenda omwe atchulidwa kale, munthu ayenera kupita kuchipatala, komwe kudya kofunikira kumakhala kofunika.
Kupewa
Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa myocardial infarction ndi stroke, ndikofunikira kuchita zochitika zosiyanasiyana, monga:
- Kuyang'anira shuga. Pofuna kuwongolera, gwiritsani ntchito chipangizo chapadera ndi tebulo chosonyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga.
- Kuwunikira mosamala ndende ya cholesterol, zakudya zapadera zingathandize.
- Kudutsa mayeso mwadongosolo ndi endocrinologist ndi mtima.
- Zakudya zapadera. Zambiri zimatengera chakudya, chifukwa kudya mokwanira komanso kudya mokwanira kumathandiza kuti pakhale zovuta zingapo zosasangalatsa.
- Muyeso wamagazi wopitilira.
- Kupumula kwathunthu komanso kugona mokwanira.
- Zakudya zowongolera, zomwe maziko ake ndi zakudya zochepa za chakudya.
- Kutayidwa kwa mowa ndi fodya. Madokotala ati chithandizo sichingakhale chokwanira ngati munthu sachotsa zilonda zomwe, kuphatikiza pa chilichonse, zingayambitse stroko.
- Kugwirizana ndi moyo wolondola, zomwe zimapangidwira - kudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
- Kumwa mankhwala osiyanasiyana operekedwa ndi dokotala ndikuthandizira chithandizo chamankhwala kuchokera ku wowerengeka azitsamba.
Njira zochizira
Pambuyo pangozi yakupezeka ndi vuto lachiwiri la matenda ashuga, muyenera kupita kukaonana ndi akatswiri a mtima ndi matenda a endocrinologist kuti mukalandire malangizo abwino kuchokera kwa akatswiri. Komanso, wodwalayo adzafunika adziwe zoyeserera zingapo, kenako athetse chithandizo chapadera.
Mukapimidwa mozama, mutha kupitiliza ku zovuta zovuta za mankhwala. Chithandizo chothandiza kwambiri ndi angioplasty ndi stenting. Njirazi ndizothandiza kwambiri kuposa njira yachilendo.
Njira zamakono zamankhwala zimachepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi stroke komanso myocardial infarction, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chiopsezo cha imfa chimachepetsedwa.
Tcherani khutu! Chakudya chokhwima kwambiri komanso chithandizo chankhanza chimayikidwa ndi dokotala kokha kwa odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Monga lamulo, chithandizo choterechi ndimachidziwitso cha radiology, chophatikizidwa ndi mankhwala.
Zakudya zapadera
Kuzindikira matenda a shuga achiwiri komanso oyamba kumawonjezera zovuta zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, adotolo amafotokozera zakudya zoyenera ndi opaleshoni ya x-ray kuti ayambirenso mitsempha yamagazi. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito patatha maola 12 kuchokera poyambira kukakamira.
Pothandiza mankhwalawa pafupifupi matenda aliwonse, mwachitsanzo, pofuna kupewa matenda a sitiroko, zakudya zapadera zimaperekedwa kwa wodwala. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa kusankha bwino zakudya komanso zinthu zina payokha komanso kutsatira njira yolondola ya kudya kumalimbitsa thupi ndi mphamvu, zinthu zofunika komanso mavitamini.
Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuti zakudya zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zisafike pakulimbana ndi matenda am'mimba komanso matenda a shuga a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, agwirizane ndi adokotala. Kupatula apo, ndi dokotala kapena wathanzi lokha amene angalimbikitse odwala kudya zakudya zoyenera komanso zabwino.
