Mwazi wamwazi ndimagazi a glucose, omwe amayeza mmol / L. Chizindikiro ichi chikuwonetsa ntchito ya mahomoni, makamaka kubisika kwa insulini ndi kapamba ndi momwe minyewa imachitikira.
Nthawi zambiri, milingo ya shuga m'magazi imayambira 3,3 mpaka 5.5 mmol / L. Zambiri zoterezi zimatha kupezeka pambuyo pofufuza magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu. Zinthu zomwe zitha kupendedwa zimatha kukhala magazi kuchokera pachala kapena mtsempha.
Kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga kunja kwa chakudya kumalumikizidwa ndi kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya. Chovuta chambiri chomwe chimachitika ndi matenda ashuga.
Mwazi wamagazi kwa ana ndi akulu
Magulu a glucose amatha kumasiyanasiyana masana. Zimatengera zakudya zomwe zimadya komanso chakudya chamagulu omwera, masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusintha kwam'maganizo, kusuta, kumwa zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhansa komanso mankhwala.
Zakudya zomanga thupi kuchokera ku chakudya zimasinthidwa kukhala mamolekyulu a glucose ndikulowetsa magazi kuchokera m'matumbo. Pambuyo pa izi, insulin imayamba kumasulidwa ku kapamba. Imayendetsa glucose mu cell, kutsika mulingo wake m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, atatha maola 1.5-2, glycemia imachepa, ndipo glucose amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira mphamvu kapena kusungidwa mu glycogen.
Njira zofananira zomwe zimaphatikizapo insulin zimachitika m'magawo aliwonse a shuga ochulukirapo. Zotsatira zake, maselo amalandila mphamvu zokwanira kuti zizigwira bwino ntchito. Kupatuka kulikonse mwazoyenera kukhala koopsa, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumasokoneza kugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo zofunika kwambiri, ndipo wam'mwamba umawononga khoma lamitsempha, ndikupangitsa kuti madzi atheretu.
Mlingo wabwinobwino wa shuga (mmol / l) wa anthu amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana:
- Mpaka mwezi: 2.8-4.4.
- Kuyambira mwezi umodzi mpaka zaka 14: 3.2-5.1.
- Kuyambira wazaka 14 mpaka 59: 3.3-5.5.
- Kuyambira zaka 60 mpaka 90: 4.7-6.6.
Kuti mupeze zotsatira zoyenera zowunikira ndikumvetsetsa zoyenera kuchita mtsogolo, ndikofunikira kupatula kuyamwa kwa chakudya ndi zakumwa 8-10 maola musanawunike. Munthawi imeneyi, madzi akumwa okha ndi omwe amatha kumwa. Masiku 1-2 phunziroli lisanachitike, ndibwino kuti musamamwe zakudya zamafuta kwambiri komanso zam'mimba kwambiri.
Ndikwabwino kutenga magazi kuti muunikiridwe musanadye chakudya cham'mawa, simumatha kumwa khofi ndi kusuta musanayesedwe. Zakudya zamankhwala, komanso mavitamini, zakudya zopatsa thanzi, mapiritsi oteteza kulera ayenera kuvomerezedwa ndi dokotala yemwe adatumiza chithandizo.
Shuga wamagazi amatha kuwongoleredwa kunyumba. Pachifukwa ichi, zida zapadera zimagulidwa - glucometer ndi chingwe choyesera. Dontho la magazi kuchokera chala limayikidwa pachigawo choyesa ndipo chiwonetsero cha glucose chimawonekera pazenera la chipangizocho. Palinso mikwingwirima yoyesa yowoneka yomwe imasintha mtundu kutengera mtundu wa glycemia.
Kuchuluka shuga
Pali zifukwa zowonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga zomwe sizimagwirizana ndi matenda aliwonse: zovuta zamanjenje, zochitika zodetsa nkhawa, kudya chakudya chochuluka, makamaka chakudya chopatsa mphamvu, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusuta, kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a caffeine.
Mu zikhalidwe za pathological, pamatha kukhala ndi shuga wambiri monga chimodzi mwazizindikiro za matendawa. Izi zimaphatikizira ntchito ya chithokomiro, kapamba, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni - cortisol, somatostatin, estrogen, matenda a impso, njira yotupa mu chiwindi, ngozi ya pachimake yodwala, vuto la mtima, matenda opatsirana.
Hyperglycemia wolimba imachitika ndi kusowa kwa insulin m'magazi. Izi ndizofanana ndi matenda amtundu 1 shuga. Kapangidwe ka autoimmune zimachitika m'maselo omwe amapanga insulin kumachitika chifukwa cha zovuta za ma virus, zinthu zakupha, komanso kupsinjika.
Matenda a 2 a shuga amakhala ndi onenepa kwambiri, motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda a matenda a m'mimba, matenda oopsa. Insulin imatha kupangidwa mokwanira kapena zochulukirapo, koma maselo sakhala omvera, choncho shuga wamagazi amakhalabe wokwera.
Chikhalidwe cha mitundu yonse iyi ya matenda ashuga ndi chibadwa cham'tsogolo. Mukakalamba, mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda umayamba, ndipo mwa ana, achinyamata ndi achinyamata, mtundu wina wamatendawa ndi mtundu wa autoimmune insulin wodalira 1 shuga mellitus.
Zizindikiro zakuchuluka kwa shuga zitha kukhala zamagawo osiyanasiyana osiyanitsa - kuyambira ofooka komanso operewera. Izi zikuphatikiza:
- Zizindikiro zakutha kwamadzi: pakamwa lowuma, ludzu pafupipafupi, kuchuluka kwamkodzo, kuphatikiza usiku, khungu lowuma komanso zimagwira pakhungu.
- Zofooka zambiri, kupweteka mutu komanso chizungulire, kusachita bwino.
- Zowonongeka.
- Kuchepetsa thupi ndi chidwi chowonjezera.
- Kuchiritsa kwa bala kwa nthawi yayitali.
- Khungu loyera, ziphuphu zakumaso, furunculosis.
- Pafupipafupi fungal, ma virus ndi bacteria.
Glycemia wambiri amakhala ndi chikumbumtima champhamvu, kusanza, kusanza, mawonekedwe a fungo la mpweya m'thupi lomwe limatuluka, komanso kufooka kwa thupi.
Popanda chithandizo choyenera, wodwalayo amadwala matenda a shuga.
Matenda a shuga ndi prediabetes
Kuyamba kwa matenda ashuga kumatha kukhala pachimake pamene zizindikirazi zimadzuka msanga. Maphunziro oterewa amapezeka kwambiri mu mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga. Kwa mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, pakhoza kukhala nthawi yomwe chithunzi cha chipatala sichikupezeka kapena zizindikiro zake zimakhala zopanda mphamvu, zimatha kusokonezeka ndi matenda ena ambiri.
Kuti muzindikire moyenera, muyenera kuyezetsa magazi mulingo wa shuga. Kuchepa kwa chakudya chamafuta kumatha kuwonekera ndi kuwonjezeka kwa glycemia pamtunda wa 7 mmol / l, zomwe zimapangitsa kukayikira matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amapezeka kawiri pamimba yopanda kanthu.
Zikatero, shuga amasankhidwa kunja kwakudya ndi kuyezetsa magazi kwa hemoglobin. Matenda a shuga amatsimikiziridwa ngati muyeso wosasintha wawonetsa glycemia wofanana kapena woposa 11 mmol / l, ndipo hemoglobin wa glycated ndi 6.5% kapena kuposa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin yonse.
Matenda a shuga amangotsimikizika ndi njira zasayansi. Zizindikiro za nkhaniyi:
- Kuthamanga shuga 6 9 kapena apamwamba 5.5 mmol / L.
- Kusanthula kwa hemoglobin wa glycated kuchokera 6 mpaka 6.5%.
- Zotsatira zoyesedwa ndi kutsitsa kwa glucose: mayeso asanayesedwe, chizolowezicho chimachokera pa 5.5 mpaka 6.9 mmol / L, mutatha kutenga njira ya glucose pambuyo maola 2 kuyambira 7.8 mpaka 11 mmol / L.
Maphunzirowa amachitika pangozi ya matenda a shuga. Amayendetsedwa ndi odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lotengera, makolo omwe abereka mwana wamkulu wolemera oposa 4.5 kg, komanso, ngati mwana ali ndi vuto linalake, mimba imapitilira ndikuwopseza mosavomerezeka, hyperglycemia ndi glucosuria.
Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kunenepa kwambiri, atherosulinosis, matenda oopsa, gout, zotupa za impso, ma ducts a bile, kapamba, ndi kulimbikira kwamtundu wa furunculosis, matenda a mafangasi ndi matenda osatha, komanso polyneuropathy osachidziwika, komanso zaka 45, amakhala okhudzana ndi matenda a metabolism. .
Njira Zothanirana ndi Matenda A shuga
Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumafuna kutsimikiza kwa zomwe zimayambitsa komanso kupewa njira zopewa matenda ashuga. Zoyenera kuchita ngati matenda a prediabetes apezeka? Mothandizidwa ndi kusintha kwa moyo, mutha kuzengereza kwanthawi yayitali kapena kuthetseratu kukula kwa matenda ashuga.
Choyamba, zosintha zimakhudza chakudya. Kuchokera muzakudya muyenera kuchotsa mokwanira zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu za m'mimba. Izi ndi mbale zonse komanso zopangidwa ndi shuga, shuga, okhathamira wambiri: confectionery, mchere wotsekemera wa kanyumba, ma yogurts ndi shuga ndi zipatso, kupanikizana, ayisikilimu, uchi, zophika zakumwa ndi zakumwa zochokera ku kaboni.
Kuphatikiza apo, sikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito phala la mpunga, semolina, mbale zamkati kuchokera ku pasitala, mbatata, kaloti owiritsa ndi beets menyu. Zipatso zokoma, nthochi, mphesa, madeti, mphesa zamphesa, komanso maswiti ndizochepa.
Zakudya zopatsa thanzi popewa matenda a shuga zimaphatikizapo mafuta ochepa a nyama m'zakudya. Chifukwa chake, chiletsocho chimaphatikizapo mafuta amitundu yosiyanasiyana monga nyama, nkhuku, nsomba ndi mkaka, offal, mafuta ophikira, nyama yofuka, nsomba zamzitini ndi nyama, masoseji amafuta, mankhwala omalizidwa.
Pokonzekera zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga:
- Maphunziro oyamba azamasamba.
- Nyama yokhala ndi mafuta ochepa, nkhuku kapena nsomba mumitundu yophika kapena ya stewed.
- Zakudya zam'nyanja.
- Mkate wonse wa tirigu, rye kapena chinangwa.
- Masamba abwino a masamba ndi mafuta a masamba.
- Zakudya zamtundu wa buckwheat kapena oatmeal yonse.
- Masamba ophika: zukini, broccoli, kolifulawa, biringanya. Mutha kudya nandolo zobiriwira komanso nyemba zobiriwira.
- Zopangira mkaka zizikhala zopanda mafuta, popanda shuga wowonjezera kapena zoteteza.
Chitsogozo chachiwiri cha kupewa chimaphatikizapo kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi. Mtundu uliwonse wamtolo uli woyenera izi, poganizira kuchuluka koyambira ndi chikhalidwe chamtima. Ndikokwanira kuchita mphindi 30 zoyenda, kusambira, masewera olimbitsa thupi, Pilates, aerobics kapena yoga tsiku lililonse kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha matenda ashuga ndi 30%.
Kwa okalamba, kuyenda ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi osavuta kumalimbikitsidwa, kuphatikiza masewera olimbitsa thupi, ana ndi odwala achichepere amatha kusankha masewera amtundu uliwonse, kuvina, kuthamanga, kusambira.
Zithandizo za anthu a Folk zochepetsa shuga
Pa gawo la prediabetes, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azomera pokonzekera infusions ndi decoctions. Phytopreparations oterewa amatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndipo, chifukwa cha zomwe antioxidants ndi mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, zimapangitsa kagayidwe kachakudya mu thupi.
Zomera zotsatirazi zimawonjezera kuthekera kwa glucose kulowa mkati mwa maselo ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zake pakupanga mphamvu: galega (mbuzi ya mbuzi), masamba a nyemba, masamba a Blueberry ndi zipatso, lingonberries, masamba a bay, ofiira ndi zipatso za aronia, bowa wa chaga. Kubwezeretsa kapamba, gwiritsani ntchito mbewu za fulakesi ndi mizu ya burdock.
Zomera zokhala ndi inulin zimagwira pamisempha ya magazi, monga insulin yopangidwa m'thupi la munthu. Izi ndi monga: muzu wa chicory, elecampane, dandelion, Yerusalemu artichoke.
Kuphatikiza apo, magulu awa azomera zamankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Ndi katundu wa adaptogenic: eleutherococcus, rhodiola rosea, ginseng, lemongrass, kareha.
- Onjezani zomwe zimachitika ku receptors ku insulin: saberfish, sage, arnica, nkhuyu.
- Muli zinc zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga insulin: mapiri a mbalame, masamba a birch, stigmas za chimanga.
Zomwe mungachite ndi shuga wambiri wamwazi akufotokozedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
