Mukamayesa magazi, wodwalayo amatha kudziwa kuti ali ndi shuga wambiri. Kodi izi zikutanthauza kuti munthu ali ndi matenda a shuga ndipo nthawi zonse pamakhala kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a shuga?
Monga mukudziwira, matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe amapezeka ngati pali kusochera kwa insulini ndi thupi kapena chifukwa cholowetsa timadzi tambiri ndi ma cell a cellular.
Insulin, nayenso, imapangidwa ndi kapamba, amathandiza kukonza ndikuphwanya shuga m'magazi.
Pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa pamene shuga ikhoza kuchuluka osati chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa matendawa. Izi zimatha kuchitika ndi chifukwa cham'mimba, ndikakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri, kapena mutadwala kwambiri.
Pankhaniyi, shuga wowonjezera amakhala nthawi yayitali, pambuyo pake zizindikirazo zimabwereranso. Njira zoterezi zimatha kukhala chizindikiro cha matendawa, koma odwala sazindikira.
Wodwala akayamba kukweza shuga m'magazi, thupi limayesa kunena kuti ndikofunikira kuchepetsa zakudya zomwe zili ndi chakudya.
M'pofunikanso kukayezetsa kuti muwone ngati pali kapamba. Kuti muchite izi, adotolo amafotokozera ma ultrasound, kuyezetsa magazi kwa kupezeka kwa ma pancreatic enzyme ndi urinalysis pamlingo wa matupi a ketone.
Popewa kukula kwa matenda ashuga munthawi yake, ndikofunikira kusintha zakudya ndikusinthana ndi zakudya pazizindikiro zoyambirira zakuyandikira matendawa.
Patatha sabata limodzi kuchokera kuwonjezeka kwa shuga, muyenera kuyesanso magazi. Ngati zizindikirozo zikadapitilirabe ndipo zimapitilira 7.0 mmol / lita, dokotala amatha kudziwa matenda a prediabetes kapena shuga.
Kuphatikiza pali zochitika pamene wodwalayo ali ndi matenda a shuga, pomwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu kumadutsa malire.
Matendawa amatha kukayikiridwa ngati munthu akumva kupweteka m'mimba, nthawi zambiri amamwa, pomwe wodwalayo amachepetsa kwambiri,, kapena, kuwonjezera kuchuluka.
Kuti mupeze matenda am'mawa, muyenera kupatsa mayeso ololera a glucose. Pankhaniyi, kuwunika kumachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kutenga njira ya shuga. Kuwunikira kwachiwiri sikuyenera kupitirira 10 mmol / lita.
Kukula kwa matenda ashuga kungayambitse:
- Kuchulukitsa thupi;
- Matenda a kapamba;
- Kukhalapo kwa matenda akulu;
- Zakudya zopanda pake, kudya mafuta ambiri, yokazinga, kusuta zakudya;
- Anakumana ndi zovuta;
- Kusiya nthawi. Mimba, zotsatira zakuchotsa mimba;
- Mowa wambiri;
- The kukhalapo kwa pachimake tizilombo matenda kapena kuledzera;
- Kudziletsa.
Kuyesedwa kwa magazi
Ngati madokotala apeza matenda a shuga, chinthu choyamba kuchita kuti adziwe matendawa ndi kuyezetsa magazi a shuga. Kutengera ndi zomwe zapezedwa, kupezeka kwa matenda ndi chithandizo chotsatira kumayikidwa.
Pazaka zambiri, zamagazi a glucose zasinthidwanso, koma masiku ano zamakono zakhazikitsa njira zomveka bwino zomwe si madokotala okha, komanso odwala omwe akuyenera kuwongoleredwa.
Kodi ndi dokotala liti amene amadwala matenda a shuga?
- Kuthamanga shuga kwa magazi kumawerengedwa kuti kumachokera ku 3.3 mpaka 5.5 mmol / lita, maola awiri mutatha kudya, shuga amatha kukwera mpaka 7.8 mmol / lita.
- Ngati kusanthula kwawonetsa zotsatira za 5.5 mpaka 6.7 mmol / lita pamimba yopanda kanthu ndipo kuyambira 7.8 mpaka 11.1 mmol / lita imodzi mukatha kudya, kupezeka kwa vuto la shuga.
- Matenda a shuga amakhazikika ngati zisonyezozo zam'mimba zopanda kanthu ndizoposa 6.7 mmol ndi maola awiri mutatha kudya zoposa 11.1 mmol / lita.
Kutengera ndi zomwe zaperekedwa, ndikotheka kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga mellitus osati m'makoma a chipatala, komanso kunyumba, ngati mukuyesa magazi pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer.
Momwemonso, zizindikirozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zitsimikizire momwe chithandizo cha matenda a shuga chikugwirira ntchito. Pankhani ya matenda, imawoneka yabwino ngati magazi a m'munsi ali pansi pa 7.0 mmol / lita.
Komabe, kuti izi zitheke ndizovuta kwambiri, ngakhale kuyesetsa kwa odwala ndi madokotala awo.
Kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga
Njira zomwe tatchulazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kudziwa kuwopsa kwa matendawa. Dokotala amawona kuchuluka kwa matenda a shuga mellitus potengera mulingo wa glycemia. Mavuto obwera nawonso ali ndi gawo lalikulu.
- Mu shuga mellitus wa digiri yoyamba, shuga yamagazi siyidutsa 6-7 mmol / lita. Komanso, mu diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin ndi proteinuria ndizabwinobwino. Shuga mumkodzo sapezeka. Gawo ili limanenedwa kukhala loyambirira, matendawo amalipiriridwa mokwanira, amathandizidwa mothandizidwa ndi chithandizo chamankhwala ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mavuto omwe akudwala samapezeka.
- Mu shuga mellitus wa digiri yachiwiri, kubwezeretsa pang'ono kumawonedwa. Mwa wodwala, dokotala akuwulula kuphwanya impso, mtima, zida zowonekera, mitsempha yamagazi, kuchepa kwapadera ndi zovuta zina. Magazi a glucose amachokera pa 7 mpaka 10 mmol / lita, pomwe shuga samapezeka. Glycosylated hemoglobin ndiyabwinobwino kapena akhoza kukwezedwa pang'ono. Zovuta zamkati zamkati sizipezeka.
- Ndi matenda a shuga a degree yachitatu, matendawa amapita patsogolo. Magazi a shuga amachokera 13 mpaka 14 mmol / lita. Mu mkodzo, mapuloteni ndi shuga amapezeka wambiri. Dokotalayo akuwulula zowonongeka zamkati. Mawonedwe a wodwalayo amatsika kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachulukitsidwa, miyendo imathinitsidwa ndipo odwala matenda ashuga amasiya kumva kupweteka kwambiri. Glycosylated hemoglobin imasungidwa pamalo okwera.
- Ndi matenda a shuga a digiri yachinayi, wodwalayo amakhala ndi zovuta zina. Mwanjira imeneyi, shuga wa magazi amafika pamlingo wovuta wa 15-25 mmol / lita ndi kukwera. Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga ndi insulin sangathe kulipirira matendawa. Munthu wodwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kulephera kwa impso, chilonda cha matenda ashuga, matenda am'mimba. Panthawi imeneyi, wodwala amakonda kuperewera matenda ashuga pafupipafupi.
Mavuto a matendawa
Matenda a shuga enieniwo samapha, koma zovuta ndi zotsatira za matendawa ndizowopsa.
Chimodzi mwazotsatira zoyipa kwambiri zimawonedwa kuti ndi matenda a shuga, Zizindikiro zomwe zimawoneka mwachangu kwambiri. Wodwalayo amakumana ndi zoletsa zomwe zimachitika kapena amasiya kudziwa. Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za chikomokere, wodwalayo ayenera kuchipatala kuchipatala.
Nthawi zambiri, odwala matenda ashuga amakhala ndi ketoacidotic chikomokere, zimalumikizidwa ndi kudziunjikira kwa poizoni m'thupi zomwe zimawononga maselo amitsempha. Chofunikira chachikulu pa mtundu uwu wa chikomachi ndi kununkhira kosaletseka kwa asetone kuchokera mkamwa.
Ndi chikumbumtima cha hypoglycemic, wodwalanso amataya chikumbumtima, thupi limakutidwa ndi thukuta lozizira. Komabe, chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa ndimankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulin, omwe amachititsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa shuga m'magazi.
Chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa impso mu odwala matenda ashuga, kutupa kwa ziwalo zakunja ndi zamkati kumawonekera. Kuphatikiza apo, odwala matenda ashuga okalamba amakula kwambiri. Ngati edema imapezeka asymmetrically, mwendo umodzi kapena phazi lokhalo, wodwalayo amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga a m'munsi am'munsi, omwe amathandizidwa ndi neuropathy.
Ndi matenda a shuga a shuga, odwala matenda ashuga amamva kupweteka kwambiri m'miyendo. Zowawa zimakulirakulira chifukwa cha kulimbitsa thupi kulikonse, kotero wodwalayo amayenera kuyima akuyenda. Matenda a diabetes a neuropathy amayambitsa kupweteka usiku m'miyendo. Poterepa, miyendo imaduka ndipo pang'ono ndimalephera kumva. Nthawi zina kumverera pang'ono koyaka kungawonedwe m'malo a shin kapena phazi.
Gawo linanso pakakulitsa kwa angiopathy ndi neuropathy ndikupanga zilonda zam'miyendo pamapazi. Izi zimabweretsa kukula kwa phazi la matenda ashuga. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuyamba kulandira chithandizo ngati chizindikiro choyamba cha matendawa chikuwonekera, apo ayi matendawa angayambitse kudula dzanja.
Chifukwa cha matenda ashuga angiopathy, mitengo ikuluikulu komanso yayikulu amakhudzidwa. Zotsatira zake, magazi sangathe kufika kumapazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale matenda opweteka. Mapazi amasandulika ofiira, kupweteka kwambiri kumamveka, patapita kanthawi cyanosis amawonekera ndipo khungu limakutidwa ndi matuza.
