Momwe mungadziwire matenda a atherosulinosis?

Atherosulinosis ndi matenda opatsirana omwe ma lipoprotein enieni amayikidwa pakhoma la mitsempha yamagazi ndi mitsempha. Wodwalayo amatulutsa cholesterol plaque, magazi ake kupita kwamkati amasokonezeka

Ndi matenda, lipid metabolism imasokonekera ndipo mtima wa epithelium ukuwonongeka. Kuti muzindikire matendawa munthawi yake, ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe mungadziwire matenda a atherosulinosis poyambira. Izi zidzakulitsa mphamvu ya mankhwalawa ndikulepheretsa kukula kwa zovuta zazikulu.

Ndizovuta kwambiri kuzindikira pawokha matenda, chifukwa poyamba zizindikirazi sizidziwonetsa. Pakadali pano, matendawa amatha kuzindikiridwa ndikuwunika mozama, kuphatikiza zida zamagetsi ndi ma labotale.

Kodi matendawa amakula bwanji?

Mankhwala amakono amatenga zifukwa ziwiri zazikulu za atherosclerosis. Malinga ndi lingaliro lina, madokotala amakhulupirira kuti cholumikizira chachikulu pakukula kwa matendawa ndikuwonjezereka kwa kuchuluka kwa milomo yotsika m'magazi a wodwalayo.

Kuchulukirapo, cholesterol imalowa m'makoma amitsempha yamagazi, imayikidwa ndipo imapangira zolembera za atherosclerotic. Komanso kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yofunikira kumabweretsa kuphwanya.

Mwanjira ina, atherosclerosis imawoneka ngati mkati wamitsempha wawonongeka. Ichi chimakhala chifukwa chachikulu chopanga zolembera. Kupanga koteroko kumatha kuyenda pang'onopang'ono komanso popanda chizindikiro chodziwika bwino kwa zaka zingapo. Akakhala olimba, magazi amayenda m'mitsempha amasokonezeka.

Ndi matenda oopsa, nthawi zambiri izi zimakhala zomwe zimayambitsa magazi.

Momwe mungadziwire zamatsenga

Nthawi zambiri, munthu samangokayikira kuti ali ndi matenda a atherosulinosis, popeza matendawa samadziwonetsa. Ndikofunikira kuzindikira matendawa mwakuwazindikira bwino.

Makamaka, kuti apange matenda, dokotalayo amadziwa zonse zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi, adziwe zizindikiro za matenda, amamuwuza wodwala kuti apange kafukufuku wazachipatala ndi zida zothandizira.

Pali zochitika zina zomwe zimatha kupangitsa kuti atherosulinosis. Chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matendawa chimawonedwa ndi kupsinjika kwakanthawi, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochulukirapo komanso chakudya chamafuta ambiri, kusuta, kunenepa kwambiri, kudziwitsa zam'tsogolo, matenda osokoneza bongo, matenda oopsa a shuga, matenda oopsa a shuga.

Zinthu zonsezi zimathandizira kupititsa patsogolo chitukuko cha zotupa za atherosrance? Ngati zizindikiro zina zapezeka, izi zitha kukhala maziko a kafukufuku owonjezera mkati mwa labotale.

Mutha kuwona zizindikiro za zotupa za atherosselotic.

• Zida zaubongo zimakhudzidwa, zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi kuwonongeka kukumbukira, kutaya makutu, mawonekedwe a phokoso m'mutu.
• Ngati pang'onopang'ono kudandaula, dokotala atha kuzindikira matenda am'munsi.
• Angina pectoris imatha kukhala chizindikiro cha coronary arteriosulinosis. Potere, wodwalayo amamva kuwawa mu mtima pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kufupika, kuthamanga mtima. Ngati mutenga Nitroglycerin kapena kuti mupumule kwa nthawi yayitali, zopweteka zimatha.
• Ndi atherosclerosis ya aimpso minyewa, aimpso kusefedwa. A urinalysis amatha kuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa mapuloteni, maselo ofiira amwazi, kuchuluka kwamililita. Pamalo omwe mitsempha ya aimpso imachepa, phokoso linalake limapezeka. Vutoli limapezeka nthawi zambiri mwa achinyamata okhala ndi matenda oopsa oopsa.
• Chizungulire komanso zizindikiro zowonongeka m'matumbo ammutu zimawonedwa pamene mitsempha ya carotid ikukhudzidwa.
• Pankhani ya atherosulinosis yamitsempha yama mesenteric, njira yogaya chakudya imasokonekera. Pambuyo pa chakudya chamtima, kupweteka kwakuthwa kwa paroxysmal kumawonekera pamimba. Komanso kumatulutsa, kugwa, kudzimbidwa. Ngati matendawa akuipiraipira, matendawa amayenda limodzi ndi matenda otsegula m'mimba. Pakusangalatsidwa, kung'ung'udza kwa systolic kumveka m'mitsempha yam'mimba.

Pamene systolic ndi kugunda kwamitsempha yamagazi ikukwera, pomwe kukakamiza kwa diastoli kumachepa, aortic atherosulinosis imapezeka. Kuphwanya uku nthawi zambiri kumachitika mwachinsinsi ndipo kumapezeka ukalamba.

Kuchepetsa kufa kwa mtima ndi mtima, polojekiti yakhazikitsidwa lero ku Russia yomwe imapangira kuyesa magazi kuti apange kafukufuku.

Izi zikuwulula matenda amtima komanso kusiya atherosulinosis.

Ma labotale ndi zida zodziwunika

Kuzindikira matenda a atherosulinosis mu labotale amapatsidwa kwa aliyense amene ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matendawa, ngakhale atakhala kuti palibe chizindikiro. Njirayi imakuthandizani kuti mudziwe momwe bedi laling'ono lilili, komanso ngati pali kuwonongeka kwamitsempha yamagazi.

Mwa munthu wathanzi, chizindikiro cha cholesterol chokwanira chimasiyana kuchokera pa 3.1 mpaka 5.2 mmol / l, kuchuluka kwa lipids kwabwino mwa akazi ndi 1.42, ndipo mwa amuna 1.58. Lipoproteins yotsika kwambiri imatha kukhala 3,9 mmol / L, mulingo wa triglycerides umafika pa 0.14-1.82 mmol / L. Chizindikiro cha atherogenic index ndi 3.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuyezetsa magazi kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa creatinine, mapuloteni othandizira, komanso kuchuluka kwa aimpso. Kuti mutsimikizire matendawa, kuyesedwa kothandizidwa ndi komwe kumayikidwa.

1. Mothandizidwa ndi ultrasound, makulidwe m'mitsempha yamagazi amatha kupezeka. Matenda amtunduwu amalola kuti muunike mtima, ubongo, m'mimba, miyendo ndi manja. Njira yotsogola yotsogola imawonetsa mawonekedwe amadzimadzi amtundu.
2. Kuti muwone mwatsatanetsatane kapangidwe kake ka tubular ndikupeza chithunzi chawo, CT angiography imachitika. Kuwerenga koteroko ndikotetezeka kwa thupi, kumakhala ndi zotsutsana zingapo ndipo sikumadzetsa zovuta. Diagnostics imachitika pokhazikitsa njira yosiyanitsa, kenako x-ray imayang'ana ndikutumiza detayo kumakompyuta.
3. Ndi pathologies a minofu ya mtima, ma elekitron mtengo mtengo umasankhidwa. Phunziroli limapereka chidziwitso chowonjezera chokhudza momwe mtima ulili, zomwe sizingapezeke panthawi yopanga makompyuta. Zotsatira zake zitha kuwoneka mu 3D.
4. Kuti mupeze zotchinga m'mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi, angiography imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Katundu wapadera umalowetsedwa m'magazi kapena m'mimba, pambuyo pake x-ray imayang'ana ziwiya. Kuzindikira koteroko kumadziwikiratu pamaso pa matenda amisala, kusalolera kwa munthu komanso matenda opweteka.
5. MRI yamagazi imapereka chithunzi cha mbali ziwiri. Nthawi zambiri, njira yosiyaniranayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma nthawi zina njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanda kusiyanitsa. Matenda amtunduwu amadziwika ngati lumen yamatumbo imachepetsedwa ndikuyenda kwa magazi kusokonezedwa.

Phunzirani zowononga atherosulinosis ya malekezero a m'munsi

Poyamba, adokotala amaphunzira za matenda. Monga lamulo, wodwalayo amadandaula chifukwa cha kusuntha kwamayendedwe, omwe amachokera pamtolo. Pankhaniyi, pali zowawa m'misempha minofu ya miyendo, dzanzi ndi kufooka. Pambuyo pakupuma kwakutali, zizindikiro izi zimachoka.

Panthawi yodwala, dokotala amatha kuwona kuti malekezero ake ozizira ndi ozizira, pomwe zamkati pamitsempha yam'mimba yachepa. Panthawi yowunikira, zizindikiro za atrophy zam'mimba zimapezeka, mawonekedwe amatsitsi pamiyendo amachepera, maula a msomali amakula ndikukula kwawo kumachepera.

Khungu limakhala lotuwa kwambiri, ndipo matendawa amaphatikizanso ndi cyanosis ya zala zakumaso. Wodwala akakweza ndi kupindika phazi, limayamba kutuwa. Mukabwezeretsa dzanja lanu lam'munsi pamalo ake oyambira, lilime lokhalo limagwa kwambiri.

Kuti adziwe matenda ake, dokotala amamuwunikira.

• Kuti mudziwe cholozera cha ankolo-brachial, kupanikizika kwa systolic kumayeza m'mbali ndi mwendo wam'munsi, pambuyo pake gawo lawo limatsimikizika. Mwa munthu wathanzi, kuthina kwa ankolo kumakhala kwakukulu. Ngati gawo lokwera lipezeka paphewa, izi zikuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ndi msempha wa m'munsi.
• Pogwiritsa ntchito kupanga sikani kabatani, kuchuluka kwa magazi m'mitsempha yamagazi kumadziwika. Njirayi imazindikiritsa zovuta zomwe sizimadziwika ndi wamba ultrasound. Mlingo wa kuzindikira kwa njirayo ndi 85-90 peresenti.
• Njira yotsogola kwambiri yopezera zithunzi zapamwamba zofunikira kwambiri ndi kompyuta tomoangiography. Chifukwa cha phunziroli, adokotala amatha kuwona bwino calcium.
• Kusiyana kwa Gadolinium nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi MRI. Chotsutsana ndi mtundu wamtunduwu ndikuwonetsa kupezeka kwa pacemaker, ndipo kafukufukuyu sachitika ngati kuwonongeka kwa impso kuli pansi pa 30 ml / min.

Musanachite opareshoni, pamafunika kudziwa njira yotsatsira digito, yomwe ndi yolondola kwambiri.

Zambiri pazidziwitso za atherosulinosis zimaperekedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.