Cholesterol ndi mafuta omwe amapangidwa m'thupi la munthu ndi chiwindi ndi 80%, ndipo 20% ya cholesterol imalowa m'thupi kudzera mu chakudya. Cholesterol imalowa mukupanga ma membrane a ma cell
Chipangizochi chimakhudzana ndi thupi m'njira zambiri.
Njira zazikulu za kagayidwe kameneka zomwe zimapangidwira:
- amatha kutenga nawo mbali popanga vitamini D;
- amatenga nawo gawo pamagulu osiyanasiyana a mahomoni, kuphatikizapo kugonana;
- amatenga nawo mbali pakuwongolera ubongo;
- amalepheretsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa.
Cholesterol ndi lipid. Mafuta amakhala osakwanira m'madzi, chifukwa chake, kunyamula izi kudzera m'magazi, cholesterol chophatikizika ndi mapuloteni amapangidwa - lipoproteins.
Lipidyi imakhala maziko a thupi, pamaziko omwe kupanga zigawo zam'mimba zambiri kumachitika. Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndikofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa mphamvu yama cell imadalira.
Lipid imakhudzidwa ndikugwira ntchito kwa chiwindi, imafunikira pakupanga ma bile acid wofunikira pakuwonongeka kwa mafuta omwe amatengedwa m'matumbo.
Kupanga kwamahomoni ogonana a adrenal cortex tsiku lililonse kumadya pafupifupi 4% ya kuchuluka konse kwa lipids m'thupi. Ngati kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, izi zikutanthauza kuti thupi laimuna limataya mphamvu yake, ndipo mu thupi la mkazi mumakhala mukuphwanya mzere wowonekera ndipo chiopsezo cha kusabereka chikuwonjezeka.
Mothandizidwa ndi dzuwa ndi mphamvu yake pakhungu, kupangira vitamini D kumachitika, motere cholesterol imachita mbali yake. Vitamini D amalimbikitsa kuyamwa kwa calcium, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafupa akhale olimba. Kulephera m'thupi la vitamini D kumabweretsa mafupa, ndipo mafupa am'mwamba komanso otsika kwambiri amawonongeka nthawi zambiri. Kuperewera kwa vitaminiyu kumapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu okalamba.
20% ya cholesterol yomwe ilipo mthupi imapezeka mu minyewa ya muubongo ndi chingwe cha msana. Ndikofunikira kuti magwiridwe antchito amanjenjemera. Imakhala ngati maziko omangira mitsempha ya mitsempha.
Anthu omwe amatsata kudya mafuta a cholesterol amavutika ndi kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha, kusapeza bwino komanso kukhumudwa pafupipafupi. Cholesterol kuchokera ku chakudya kupita ku thupi imabwera ndi mayamwidwe m'matumbo aang'ono.
Sikuti anthu onse amadziwa za mitundu iwiri ya cholesterol yomwe ilipo. Asayansi agawa lipid iyi m'mitundu iwiri:
- HDL - cholesterol yabwino ndimachulukidwe ochulukirapo a lipoprotein;
- LDL yoyipa yotsika kachulukidwe kolesterol.
LDL imayimira Low Density Lipoprotein.
Cholesterol chabwino komanso choyipa
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, pali cholesterol yoyipa komanso yopindulitsa. Asayansi aku Germany apeza kudzera mwa mayeso a labotale komanso zoyesa kuti LDL yatenga nawo mbali kwambiri pochotsa mabakiteriya ndi poizoni m'thupi. Ngati mumvera malingaliro awa, ndiye kuti cholesterol yoyipa imathandiza chitetezo chathu kuthana ndi zinthu zoopsa komanso zinthu zina.
Koma nanga bwanji amatchedwa oyipa? Chifukwa chiyani zimatsogolera pakupanga kwa atherosulinosis? Madokotala ndi asayansi ena sagawana kuti cholesterol imatsogolera pakukula kwa atherosclerosis.
Kupatula apo, nthawi zambiri matenda amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi cholesterol yamagazi. Kapena mbali ina ya ndalama, cholesterol imakwezedwa, koma munthuyo alibe izi. Asayansi ochokera kumaiko ena atsimikizira kuti atherosulinosis imayamba pamene ziphuphu za atherosulinotic zikuwonekera pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi. Mapilogalamu ali ndi malowa, omwe akukula pang'onopang'ono, kuti atchinjirize kutseguka kwa ziwiya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azituluka. Pambuyo pakuphunzira mwatsatanetsatane ma zolembedwa za atherosrance, zidapezeka kuti kapangidwe kake kamakhala kolesterol.
Nthawi zambiri, odwala amaganiza kuti cholesterol yocheperako, ndiyabwino. Zizindikiro zimasiyanasiyana mwa amuna ndi akazi, ndipo zimatengera zaka. Kwa munthu wamkazi, wazaka 25, chizindikiritso chokhazikika ndi mamilimita 5.5 pa lita. Thupi lachimuna la mibadwo iyi limakhala ndi mamilimita 4.5 ndi 6.5 pa lita, motsatana.
Thanzi laumunthu kwathunthu silimadalira kuchuluka kwa chinthu m'magazi, pa kuphatikiza cholesterol yopindulitsa ndi yoyipa. 65% ya kuchuluka kwa lipid konse ndi cholesterol yoyipa.
Kodi mungapewe bwanji kuchuluka kwa mankhwala m'thupi?
Kuti musachulukitse kuchuluka kwa zinthu zovulaza, muyenera kutsatira malamulo angapo.
Pali njira ziwiri zochepetsera magazi lipids - mankhwala ndi osamwa.
Ndi zoletsedwa kuti musamayerekeze-nokha, chifukwa chake muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti akuthandizeni ndi kukulangizani.
Mutalandira malingaliro kuchokera kwa iye, mutha kuyamba kutsika popanda thandizo la mankhwala.
Pali njira zingapo zopewera cholesterol yamagazi anu:
- Sizimachedwa kuyamba kudya pomwe. Gwiritsani ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi michere, mafuta acids, omega-3s, mavitamini. Magwero azakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ayenera kukhala mankhwala azitsamba. Mwachitsanzo, mtedza, masamba, zipatso, zakudya zama protein, nsomba, ng'ombe, nkhuku, mkaka. Chifukwa cha iwo, thupi limadya mafuta ambiri, mafuta osavuta komanso mavitamini ndi amino acid ambiri. Zowonjezera zachilengedwe ndi mavitamini ndizothandiza. Sizoletsedwa kudya nyama yamafuta, mankhwala omalizidwa, zakudya kuchokera ku chakudya chofulumira, osavomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito maphikidwe pakuphika zakudya zamafuta, simuyenera kudya mkate wambiri. Pofuna kuphatikiza chakudya cha tsiku lililonse, mutha kupanga tebulo la zakudya zabwino.
- Kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino, muyenera kumwa madzi okwanira tsiku lililonse. Ziwalo zonse zizigwira ntchito bwino, maselo atadzaza ndi chinyezi. Pakatha masiku angapo akumwa madzi ochuluka malita ndi theka mpaka malita awiri, dziko limayenda bwino.
- Moyo wokangalika umalimbikitsidwa. Ndizoyenera kuchita masewera. Tsiku lililonse muyenera kukonzekera kuyenda mwachangu komanso kwa ola limodzi. Kamodzi pa sabata muyenera kukwera njinga. Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kupita ku masewera olimbitsa thupi, kumacheza ndi aphunzitsi. Yoga kwa odwala matenda ashuga ndiopindulitsa kwambiri.
Onetsetsani kuti mukugona mokwanira. Kwa mkazi wamkazi, 10 patsiku ndikofunikira, ndipo kwa wamwamuna, kuyambira maola 6 mpaka 8.
Kugona kumathandizira thupi kukhalanso ndi mphamvu, kutulutsa michere kuti igwire bwino ntchito tsiku lotsatira.
Zimayambitsa High Cholesterol
Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimathandizira kuti pakhale cholesterol yoyipa m'magazi.
Choyambirira ndicho m'badwo. Pofika zaka 40, ngozi ya kuchuluka kwa lipids yamagazi imachuluka. Makamaka ngati pali zakudya zopanda pake, kuvutitsidwa kwa zakudya zamafuta.
Chifukwa chachiwiri ndi chibadwa. Ngati achibale kapena abale anali ndi kuchuluka kwa lipids m'magazi, ndikofunikira kulingalira zaumoyo wanu ndikudutsa kuyezetsa magazi wamba. Anthu ambiri onenepa kapena onenepa kwambiri. Kuledzera kwa ndudu ya chikonga kumakhudza mapangidwe a zolembera za atherosselotic zomwe zimasanduka magazi. Izi zimakwiyitsa magazi osayenda bwino komanso kumachitika matenda a mtima. Achidakwa ambiri kapena anthu omwe amamwa mowa mopitirira muyeso amakhala ndi ma lipids. Popeza mowa umatha kuchepetsa kuyenda kwa magazi kudzera m'mitsempha.
Zambiri za cholesterol zimawonjezeka ngati wodwala amakonda kudwala matenda kapena pali matenda ena opatsirana. Pamavuto a chiwindi kapena impso, thupi limakhalanso ndi lipids yambiri m'magazi. Kuchuluka kwa HDL kumawonedwanso ndi biliary pancreatitis.
Anthu ambiri amakhala ndipo sadziwa kuti akweza mankhwala. Kuti mupewe mavuto omwe ali pamwambawa, ndikofunika kupita kwa dokotala chaka chilichonse ndikupereka magazi kuti akakuyezeni.
Momwe mungachepetse cholesterol yoyipa "yofotokozedwa mu kanema m'nkhaniyi.
