Ubale pakati pa hypothyroidism ndi matenda ashuga sizowonekera. Gland ya chithokomiro imatha kukhala ndi zosokoneza m'njira ziwiri - ma cell a gland cell amatha kupanga zochuluka kapena zochepa kwambiri.
Chithokomiro chotulutsa chithokomiro chimapanga mahomoni awiri, thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine. Ma Horone awa amafupikitsidwa ngati T 3 ndi T 4.
Popanga mahomoni, ayodini ndi tyrosine amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Popanga T 4, mamolekyulu 4 a ayodini amafunikira, ndipo kwa H3 T3, mamolekyulu atatu amafunikira.
Zizindikiro za hypothyroidism mu thupi la munthu
Poyerekeza ndi chitukuko cha hypothyroidism mwa odwala matenda a shuga kapena anthu omwe ali ndi chiyembekezo cha izi, zotsatirazi zikupezeka:
- Zovuta pa ntchito ya lipid kagayidwe mu thupi. M'magazi mumakhala kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, ndipo kuchuluka kwamafuta athanzi kumachepetsedwa kwambiri.
- Zotupa zam'mimba, kuchepa kwa lumen yamkati. Odwala amakumana ndi chitukuko cha atherosulinosis ndi stenosis, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima chikuvuta.
Zovuta zomwe zimachitika ndi hypothyroidism panthawi yopanga shuga zimatha kuyambitsa matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko, ngakhale mwa achinyamata.
Kupanga hypothyroidism, mawonekedwe a zotsatirazi ndi othandiza:
- kunenepa kwambiri kumawonekera;
- mtima wamtima umachepa;
- kudzimbidwa kwa nthawi ndi nthawi kumachitika;
- kutopa kumawonekera;
- kusamba kwa msambo kwa akazi kumakula.
Pankhani ya chitukuko cha hypothyroidism munthawi yomweyo ndikupanga insulin yopangidwa ndi kapamba, zizindikiro zonse zamakhalidwe zimakulitsidwa.
Ndi hypothyroidism, mkhalidwe umayamba momwe kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro monga thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine, izi zimapangitsa kutsika kwakukulu kwa njira zonse za metabolic.
Ndi kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro, pakuwonjezeka kuchuluka kwa TSH mthupi - mahomoni opatsirana a chithokomiro.
Hypothyroidism ndi njira yomwe ikukula pang'onopang'ono. Kutsika kwa magwiridwe antchito a chithokomiro kumawonekera mwa anthu ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- kufooka kwa minofu
- arthralgia,
- paresthesia
- bradycardia
- angina pectoris
- arrhythmia
- chowopsa
- kuchepa kwa magwiridwe
- kuchuluka kwa thupi.
Hypothyroidism pakukula kwake kumayambitsa kukula kwa zovuta za kulekerera kwa chakudya chamthupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi matenda ashuga a 2. Kusintha kwa zinthu ndi kagayidwe kazakudya m'thupi, madokotala amalimbikitsa kumwa mankhwalawa Siofor, omwe ali ndi vuto la hypoglycemic.
Siofor ndi a gulu la Biguanides.
Chiyanjano pakati pa zovuta m'matumbo ndi chithokomiro
Kafukufuku wa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto loti azigwira ntchito m'magazi onse awiriwa akuwonetsa kuti chiwopsezo chokhala ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 chikuwonjezeka kwambiri ngati munthu atayika bwino chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.
Odwala oterewa amalangizidwa kuti azichita kiwango cha TSH zaka zisanu zilizonse. Kuchulukana kwa matenda oopsa a hypothyroidism pakati pa anthu mpaka 4%; mawonekedwe achisokonezo amapezeka pafupifupi mwa 5% ya azimayi ndi 2-4% ya amuna.
Ngati hypothyroidism ikukula m'thupi la wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, kuyan'ana mkhalidwe wa matenda a shuga ndizovuta. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ndi hypothyroidism, momwe glucose amachokera akamasintha.
Mankhwala abwino kwambiri ochepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi ndi hypothyroidism ndi Siofor. Pankhani ya kukula kwa matenda ashuga m'thupi motsutsana ndi hypothyroidism, wodwalayo amamva kutopa kosalekeza komanso kuchepa kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi komanso kuchepa kwa kagayidwe kachakudya.
Shuga ndi shuga
Ndi magwiridwe antchito a kapamba ndi tiziwalo ta chithokomiro. Pophwanya malamulo, kusintha kosiyanasiyana kwa shuga mu 1 lita imodzi ya madzi a m'magazi kumachitika.
Zambiri zam'magazi mu 1 l zimakhala zosakhazikika, zomwe zimabweretsa kusinthasintha kwakukulu panjira yokweza ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga mu 1 l ya plasma, ndipo izi zikufikira mtundu wina wa shuga.
Kusintha zomwe zili mu mahomoni a chithokomiro m'thupi la wodwalayo, chithandizo chothandizira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwala, Levothyroxine amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa kumasankhidwa payekha ngati mulingo wa TSH m'thupi umachokera ku 5 mpaka 10 mU / l. ndi T 4 ndizabwinobwino. Chithandizo china chothandizira kuchiritsa ndi L-thyroxine. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, muyenera kukumbukira kuti theka la moyo ndi masiku 5, ndipo kutalika kwa zochitika ndi masiku 10-12.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito levothyroxine, kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa. Pachifukwa ichi, miyezo ya TSH imatengedwa masabata asanu aliwonse. Kanemayo munkhaniyi afotokozera za mgwirizano pakati pa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro komanso matenda ashuga.
