Pazithandizo za insulin za matenda a shuga, makampani opanga mankhwala amapanga mitundu ingapo yamankhwala.
Mankhwalawa amasiyana m'njira zingapo.
Zomwe zimapangitsa kusiyanitsa mankhwala omwe ali ndi insulin ndi awa:
- chiyambi cha zinthuzo;
- kuchuluka kwa kuyeretsa mankhwala;
- nthawi ya mankhwala.
Pokonza njira zochizira matenda ashuga, njira zosiyanasiyana zoperekera insulin kwa thupi la wodwalayo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Popanga mtundu wa chithandizo, dokotala akuwonetsa:
- mtundu wa insulin yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito jakisoni;
- nthawi ya mlingo wa mankhwalawa mthupi la wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga;
- kuchuluka kwa mlingo umodzi wa mankhwalawa.
Kupambana kwa mankhwalawa kumadalira kukwaniritsidwa kolondola kwa zofunikira zonse pokonzekera njira ya insulin.
Kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumachitika ndi endocrinologist. Mukamasankha jekeseni wa jakisoni, nthawi ya kaperekedwe ka mankhwala ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito, dokotala ayenera kuganizira zotsatira zonse zomwe zimapezeka pakufufuza kwa wodwala komanso zomwe zimachitika ndi thupi la munthu yemwe akudwala matenda a shuga. Munthu aliyense ali ndi njira yakeyake yamatendawa, choncho palibe njira zomveka zochizira.
Mukamajambula njira yochizira matenda a insulin, mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala okhala ndi insulin ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mankhwala regimen angagwiritsidwe ntchito:
- insulin;
- mankhwala osokoneza bongo;
- nthawi yayitali ma insulin;
- insulin yayitali;
- Kukonzekera kukhala ndi kuphatikiza.
Chimodzi mwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala a insulin ndi ma insulin omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali.
Kugwiritsira ntchito insulin kwa nthawi yayitali sikungalepheretse kulumikizana kwa glucose m'magazi a m'magazi a wodwala matenda a shuga. Pazifukwa izi, mtundu uwu wa mankhwalawa sagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati pakufunika kubweretsa ziwonetsero zamagazi m'thupi la wodwalayo kuzowonetsa zomwe zili pafupi kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe chathupi.
Izi ndichifukwa choti insulin yomwe imakhala nthawi yayitali imakonzanso thupi la munthu.
Yaitali insulin mankhwala a shuga mellitus
Insulin yayitali imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika ngati pakufunika kuti thupi likhale ndi insulin yambiri m'madzi a m'magazi kwa nthawi yayitali pamimba yopanda kanthu.
Kutengera ndi zomwe wodwala adziyang'anira pawokha ndikudziwunika komwe adapeza pakuyang'ana kwa thupi, adokotala amawona ngati pakufunika kuyambitsa insulin yayitali mthupi m'mawa, asanadye.
Maziko omwe amapanga dongosolo la insulin Therapy amatengedwa chifukwa chodziwunikira masiku asanu ndi awiri apitawa. Kuphatikiza apo, zochitika zotsatirazi, ngati zilipo, zimakhudzidwa ndi chitukuko cha dongosolo la mankhwalawo.
Masiku ano, imodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino zotulutsidwa ndi Levemir ndi Lantus. Izi zokhala ndi insulin zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a shuga 1 ndi mtundu 2. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa Mlingo wa mankhwalawa kumachitika molingana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maola 12 aliwonse kapena maola 24 aliwonse.
Insulin yotalikirapo imatha kutumikiridwa mosasamala mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amapezeka ndi kanthawi kochepa. Kugwiritsa ntchito mtunduwu wa insulin palokha pazinthu zina za insulini regimen. Izi ndichifukwa choti odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amatha kufunafuna jakisoni wa ma insulin osiyanasiyana okhala ndi nthawi yayitali. Njira iyi yothandizira mankhwala a insulin imalola kugwiritsa ntchito ma insulin osiyanasiyana kuti asungitse kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'thupi la munthu pamiyambo yokhudzana ndi thupi, zomwe zimalepheretsa kukula kwa zovuta zazikulu mwa anthu.
Kugwiritsira ntchito insulin yayitali mu regimen yamankhwala kumakupatsani mwayi wofanana ndi kupanga insulin ndi kapamba, zomwe zimalepheretsa kukula kwa gluconeogeneis m'thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, ma insulin omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita insulin kuti apewe kufa kwa maselo a pancreatic omwe amachititsa kuti mahomoni achilengedwe azikhala.
Njira imeneyi imalola mtsogolo, pakukhazikitsa thupi ndi njira zonse za kagayidwe kazakudya, kukana insulini.
Kugwiritsa ntchito insulin kwa nthawi yayitali kuti mubwezeretse shuga ku nthawi zonse
Ngati wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 2 amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'mawa akapaka ntchito madzulo, asanagone ndi mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, ayenera kupatsidwa jakisoni wa insulin, yomwe imatenga nthawi yayitali asanagone.
Koma asanakwaniritse izi, dokotala wopezekapo amafunika kuwonetsetsa kuti wodwalayo sanadye maola 5 asanagone. Ngati munthu akudwala matenda ashuga pambuyo pake, ndiye kuti kugwiritsa ntchito jakisoni, kuphatikizapo insulin, sizingathandize.
Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'mawa kumatha kuyambikanso ndikuwonjezereka kwa ntchito ya chiwindi panthawiyi. Pamene maselo a thupi ayamba kugwira ntchito mosafunikira kwa insulin, yomwe imayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga mu plasma.
Kukhalapo kwa thupi la munthu chodabwitsa cha ntchito yam'mawa ya chiwindi kumabweretsa kuti ma insulin omwe amawonjezereka ayenera kulowetsedwa mwa munthu pasanathe maola 8 isanakwane nthawi yakudzuka.
Ngati mawola anayi atatha kuperekera insulin, yomwe imatenga nthawi yayitali, kuchepa kwa shuga m'munsi mwa 3.5 mmol / L kumachitika, muyezo muyenera kugawa pakati ndikuthandizidwa madzulo komanso pambuyo pa maola 4.
Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yofananira ya kayendetsedwe ka mankhwala kumapangitsa kuti mlingo wake uzitsitsidwa ndi 15% patapita nthawi yochepa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito insulin yayitali kwa mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga
Insulin yomwe imagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali sikugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse pochiza matenda amishuga a 2. Komabe, nthawi zina pamachitika zinthu zina popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amtunduwu zomwe sizingatheke kusintha mtundu wa glucose ndikuyenera kulipirira momwe thupi limayendera.
Pofuna kudziwa kufunika kwa jakisoni, wodwalayo ayenera kuyesa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi pambuyo podzuka. Pambuyo pake, masana muyenera kukana kudya chakudya cham'mawa komanso nthawi ya nkhomaliro, ndipo chakudya chamadzulo sichichitika pasanadutse maola 13 mutadzuka. Tsiku lonse, wodwalayo azitha kumwa madzi ambiri kuti asayambitse kuperewera kwa madzi m'thupi komanso kunenepa kwambiri.
Muyezo wachiwiri wa shuga uyenera kuchitika ola limodzi pambuyo pa woyamba kenako maola 4 aliwonse komanso musanadye chakudya chamadzulo.
Ngati masana kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi am'magazi kukwera kwambiri kuposa 0,6 mmol / L ndipo osagwa pambuyo pake mpaka pamlingo wapitalo, ndiye kuti kuyambitsa insulini kumafunikira thupi.
Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa, muyenera kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa jekeseni imodzi.
Kubwerezanso kuti mupeze zolakwika pakuwerengera ndikusintha mlingo wa mankhwalawa womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito jekeseni suyenera kuchitika pasanathe sabata imodzi chifukwa chakuti wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amatha kusakhazikika pogwira ntchito.
Mitundu Yokhala Ndi Insulin Yaitali Kwambiri
Mpaka pano, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri ya insulin yokonzekera:
- yaitali insulin ya sing'anga nthawi yayitali ndi maola 16;
- Ultra -otal, wokhala ndi nthawi yovomerezeka yoposa maola 16.
Mankhwalawa otsatirawa amawonedwa ngati osokoneza bongo pakapita nthawi yayitali:
- Protafan NM;
- Humulin NPH;
- Biosulin N;
- Insuman Bazal;
- Gensulin N.
Kukonzekera kotalika kokhala ndi insulin ndi:
- Levemir;
- Lantus.
Ma insulini a gulu lachiwiri la mankhwalawa amadziwika kuti ndi othandiza kwambiri. Mankhwala a gulu loyamba ndiopangika ndipo amafuna kukwiya kuti apeze yankho laumwini musanagwiritse ntchito.
Lantus ndi Levemir ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo okhazikika, amakhudzanso odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga.
Ma insulin omwe akhala akuchita kwakanthawi nthawi yayitali amakhala ndi nsonga yosiyana, ngakhale izi sizimatchulidwapo, mwachitsanzo, mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amakhala ndi nthawi yochepa.
Mosiyana ndi kukonzekera kwanthawi yayitali, owonjezera omwe amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali sakhala ndi zochitika zapamwamba ndipo mphamvu yake pakathupi ndiyowonjezereka komanso yosalala. Izi zimayenera kuganiziridwanso mukamawerenga mlingo wa insulin.
Kuwerengera kwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amapezeka nthawi yayitali kuyenera kuchitika kuti mulingo wa shuga m'thupi la wodwalayo pakati pa chakudya ukhale wokhazikika, ndipo ngati kusinthaku sikuyenera kupitirira 1-1.5 mmol / L. Mukamawerenga kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kuti mugwiritse ntchito, kusinthasintha kwa magazi m'thupi la m'magazi a wodwala matenda ashuga sikuyenera kuchitika kwa maola 24.
Kubayirira insulin yotalika kumachitika mu ntchafu kapena matako, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mankhwalawo ayende pang'onopang'ono komanso mosiyanasiyana pamagazi.
Simungathe m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito insulin yochepa komanso ya ultrashort ndi yayitali, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zina mthupi.
Zokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito insulin
Mlingo wowonjezereka mukamagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya insulini umabweretsa kuti zovuta zambiri zimayamba kukula m'thupi la wodwalayo. Izi zikuphatikizira:
- madigiri osiyanasiyana a kunenepa;
- mavuto ndi kugwira ntchito kwa mtima;
- kupezeka ndi chitukuko cha atherosulinosis.
Mtundu uliwonse wa insulini umangogwiritsidwa ntchito kuchita mosamalitsa, ndipo ntchito ya wodwalayo ndi dokotala wothandizidwayo ndikugawa moyenera Mlingo wa mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito insulin.
Njira yolondola yowerengera mlingo womwe umafunikira imatha kuonetsetsa kuti inshuwaransi yapamwamba kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, njira yosankhidwa bwino yothandizira matendawa imalepheretsa kukula kwa zovuta m'thupi zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kupitilira kwa shuga. Kanemayo munkhaniyi akuwuzani zoyenera kuchita ndi insulin.
