Vuto lomwe limapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi limatchedwa hyperglycemia. Imayendera limodzi ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri, koma amatha kuwonanso m'matenda ena a endocrine system. Ngati munthu akudwala matenda ashuga, amadziwika ndi mitundu yotsatirayi ya hyperglycemia: kusala kudya, postprandial.
Mwazi wokwera wamagazi nthawi zambiri umagawika madigiri, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe wofatsa, glycemia sapitilira 10 mmol / L, ndi mawonekedwe apakati chizindikiro ichi chimachokera ku 10 mpaka 16 mmol / L, ndipo ndi hyperglycemia yayikulu, glucose imakwera mpaka 16,5 mmol / L kapena kuposa. Potsirizira pake, pali ngozi yeniyeni ya kholo, chikomokere.
Muyenera kudziwa kuti madotolo amadziwa milandu yomwe mwa munthu wopanda matenda a shuga, shuga amadzuka mpaka 10 mmol / l, nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika mutatha kudya chakudya chochuluka. Vutoli ndi umboni woonekeratu wakuwopseza kukhala ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amadalira insulin.
Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kuchuluka mwa azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda otupa a polycystic, kutsika kwamphamvu ya potaziyamu m'magazi, matenda oopsa kwambiri, kunenepa kwambiri, komanso chiyembekezo chokhala ndi matenda ashuga.
Zomwe Zimayambitsa Madzi Akuluakulu a shuga
Kodi chimayambitsa shuga m'magazi ndi chiyani? Homoni yapadera, insulin, imayang'anira zizindikiro za glucose; imapangidwa ndi maselo a pancreatic beta. Mu shuga mellitus wamtundu woyamba, insulin katulutsidwe amachepetsa kangapo, zomwe zimayambitsa zimayenderana ndi beta-cell necrosis komanso njira yotupa. Tikulankhula za hyperglycemia yayikulu panthawi yomwe oposa 80% a maselo awa afa.
Matenda a shuga a Type II amadziwonekeranso mosiyanasiyana, mothandizidwa ndi minyewa yathupi la munthu kupatsidwa insulin, titha kunena kuti "sazindikira" timadzi tating'onoting'ono. Pazifukwa izi, ngakhale kuchuluka kwamahomoni sikungathandize kusunga shuga wa magazi m'malo oyenera. Zotsatira zake, kukana insulin kumayamba pang'onopang'ono, kenako hyperglycemia.
Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumadalira zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo chizolowezi chodya, zina zopsinjika, ndi matenda ena am'kati. Mwa munthu wathanzi, shuga wamagazi amatha kuchuluka pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kuchepa kwa magazi kwa kanthawi kochepa chifukwa cha zochita zolimbitsa thupi: kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso, kupsinjika, kuwotcha, matenda opatsirana, ma virus, limodzi ndi kutentha ndi thupi.
Zifukwa zina zidzakhala:
- chakudya chamafuta ambiri;
- kusowa zolimbitsa thupi;
- zizolowezi zoipa;
- zovuta zamanjenje.
Mwa akazi, shuga wokwanira amatha kukhala chifukwa cha premenstrual syndrome.
Madotolo amayambitsa zonse zomwe zimayambitsa hyperglycemia kutengera matenda, chomwe chofunikira kwambiri: matenda a chiwindi, dongosolo la endocrine, kukanika kwa pancreatic. Ziwalo zomwe zili m'gulu la endocrine zimathandizira kupanga insulin. Ngati ntchito yake yasokonekera, mayamwidwe a shuga ndi maselo amthupi akuipiraipira.
Matenda a chiwindi ndi kapamba zimakhudzanso zizindikiro za glycemia osachepera, ziwalo izi ndizomwe zimayambitsa, kuphatikiza, kupopera shuga.
Zizindikiro za Hyperglycemia
Kuti mukaikire kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu ndikosavuta, muyenera kusamala ndi thupi lanu. Ndi funso lachiwonetsero chokwezedwa pafupipafupi, osati chakanthawi, monga, mwachitsanzo, matenda opumira kwambiri.
Munthu atha kukhala ndi shuga wowonjezereka ngati akumva zotsatirazi: kutopa, kupweteka kwa mucous mkatikati mwa kamwa, ludzu losasinthika, kuthamanga kwa mtima, kuchuluka kapena kuchepa kwa chilakolako cha thupi, komanso kusintha msanga kwa thupi.
Odwala ena amazindikira kuyamwa kwa khungu, maonekedwe a mabala m'thupi omwe sachira kwa nthawi yayitali, kuchepa kwa mawonekedwe, komanso kupuma kwa wodwalayo kumakhala kovuta komanso kopumira. Komanso, ndi hyperglycemia, mutu umatha kupweteka, kusanza, kusanza kumayamba, fungo la asetone limawonekera kuchokera kumkamwa wamkamwa.
Ngati chizindikiro chimodzi kapena zingapo za hyperglycemia zapezeka, ndikofunikira:
- pitani kuchipatala kukapereka magazi a shuga;
- kufunsidwa ndi katswiri wazamankhwala komanso endocrinologist.
Ngati simukutenga chithandizo, shuga imatha kukwera kwambiri.
Zinthu zakuchiritsa shuga wambiri
Mwazi wamagazi umatsitsidwa moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala, amalimbikitsa chithandizo chokwanira kwa wodwala, chomwe chimaphatikizapo njira ya mankhwala ndi kudya. Zimachitika kuti kungosintha zakudya ndikokwanira, ndipo sikukula.
Pali mawonekedwe apadera a shuga - postprandial glycemia. Mwa ichi muyenera kumvetsetsa pang'ono kuchuluka kwa shuga m'maso mukatha kudya. Pokhapokha ngati maola awiri shuga atakhala pa 10 mmol / L ndipo pamwamba, kukonza kwa glycemia kumawonetsedwa kuti kumabweretsa kukula kwake kwa 7.8 mmol / L.
Ziwerengero zoterezi zimafanana ndi chizolowezi cha shuga wamagazi mukamadya m'munthu wathanzi, kuwerengera molondola ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse shuga ndi 2.1 mmol / l. Makamaka malangizowo ndi othandizira odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu woyamba wa shuga omwe amagwiritsa ntchito insulin yochepa.
Wodwala akakhala ndi shuga wambiri, amalangizidwa kuti aziona zakudya zomwe amadya. Pafupifupi chakudya chomwe chakumwa chikhala motere:
- mchere - osaposa 1-2 g;
- mapuloteni - 85-90 g;
- chakudya - 350 g;
- mafuta - 75-80 g.
Zakudyazi ziyenera kuphatikizapo nyama yophika, nyama yophika, nsomba yosakhwima, zinthu zophika mkate kuchokera ku wholemeal, masamba (kupatula mbatata), mazira, chiwindi. Muyeneranso kudya zakudya zamkaka zamafuta ochepa, zipatso zopanda zipatso, ndi nyemba (kupatula chimanga).
Chovomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito uchi wachilengedwe, marshmallows, marmalade ndi marshmallows. Ma compotes osasankhidwa, zakumwa za zipatso, zakuda, tiyi wobiriwira, timadziti tamitengo, chicory tidzakhala othandiza. Menyuyi imaphatikizapo batala pang'ono, mafuta a masamba, bowa.
Shuga amatha kuchuluka ngati mumwa madzi pang'ono, ndiye kuti madzimadzi ayenera kukhala osachepera malita awiri patsiku. Zinthu zonse za calorie zamatsenga zimakhala pafupifupi 2400 kcal patsiku.
Njira yodziwira chithandizo mwachindunji imadalira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Matenda a mtundu woyamba 1 akatsimikizika, wodwalayo amawonetsedwa jakisoni wokhazikika wa insulin. Monga lamulo, jakisoni amaperekedwa kwa moyo, komanso zakudya zamankhwala. Mtundu woyamba wa shuga ndi woopsa kwambiri, wodwalayo amakhala ndi chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, adotolo amalimbikitsa kuti mankhwala azitha kuchepetsa shuga, kuwonjezera chitetezo chokwanira, mavitamini ndi michere mineral.
Ngati anthu atenga moyo wongokhala, osapita kukachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, glucose wawo wamagazi akhoza kukwera. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza zolimbitsa thupi m'moyo wanu, zidzakuthandizani kukonza kagayidwe, kusintha matenda a glycemia, komanso kusangalala.
Zabwino pochiza komanso kupewa matenda a shuga:
- kukwera njinga;
- akuyenda masitepe;
- Kuyenda
- kusambira;
- masewera olimbitsa thupi mu mpweya watsopano.
Ntchito yolimbitsa thupi yothandiza kwambiri ikuyenda mothamanga, kuyenda mwachangu. Madokotala amalangizidwa kuti aziyenda m'mawa, kutali ndi misewu yayikulu. Ola limodzi patsiku ndikokwanira.
Njira zochiritsira zosagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku onse ndizofala masiku athu ano, zimadziwika ndi ambiri ngati njira yotsika mtengo komanso yothandiza kwambiri yothanirana ndi shuga. Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga zimayenderana ndi njira zina, koma zovuta za matendawa ziyenera kukumbukiridwa. Zomera zochiritsa nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: ginseng ofiira, mabulosi abulu, lilac, tsamba la bay, blueberries.
Ngati wodwala waona kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro za hyperglycemia, ayenera kupita kukayezetsa thupi ndi kukaonana ndi dokotala.
Iyi ndi njira yokhayo yomwe ingadziwire chifukwa chake panali kuwonongeka m'moyo wabwino, momwe angabweretsere ziwonetsero za glycemia mkati mwa mtundu wamba.
Kodi chiwopsezo cha madontho a shuga m'magazi ndi chiani?
Pali zolakwika ziwiri zomwe zingayambitse chikomokere: matenda a shuga komanso a hyperglycemic. Matenda a matenda ashuga ndi chifukwa chakuti glucose amatuluka amakhala wovuta kwambiri. Ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga, kuthana ndi thanzi labwino, kusintha kwa chikumbumtima kumatha kuoneka. Izi zitha kuchitika m'masiku ochepa kapena masabata angapo.
Kuzindikira kuwonongeka kwa thanzi komanso kuwonjezeka kwa glucose kumafuna kuwunika pafupipafupi, muyenera kugula glucometer ndikuyezera kuchuluka kwa glycemia tsiku lililonse. Ndi zovuta zoyipa za matendawa, kugonekedwa kuchipatala kumasonyezedwa. Malangizowa ndiwofunikanso pamene dokotala watumiza mankhwala a matenda ashuga, ndipo sizithandiza kukwaniritsa glycemia wabwinobwino.
Ndikofunika kuti musamachepetse kwambiri magazi kwambiri, popanda kutero matendawo angayambike - hypoglycemic coma. Ngati zizindikiritso zikuchitika, muyenera kudya zakudya zamankhwala othamanga mwachangu momwe zingathekere. Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia yomwe ikubwera ndi izi: manja akunjenjemera, kutentha kwambiri, kumva kufooka. Pakakhala vuto usiku, wodwala matenda ashuga sangathe kudzuka m'mawa. Kanemayo munkhaniyi athandiza kuchepetsa magazi.
