Matenda a shuga, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa matendawa komanso kuchuluka kwa matendawa, amafunika kuti odwala azolowere moyo watsopano.
Zakudya zopatsa thanzi zomwe zili ndi zoletsa zambiri, kufunika kogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala pafupipafupi kukonza shuga, kumapangitsa kuti odwala azikhala ndi nkhawa.
Pachifukwa ichi, njira zingapo zakonzedweranso zimawonetsedwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga kuti apitirize kugwira ntchito ndikukhalabe ndi moyo wabwino kwambiri mukudwala.
Mitundu ya kukonzanso matenda a shuga
Kukonzanso kuchipatala kumachitika posankha chithandizo chamankhwala chofunikira - mlingo wa insulin kapena piritsi la antidiabetesic m'mabungwe azachipatala ndi akatswiri oyenerera - endocrinologists.
Njira zothandizanso kukonza thupi zimaphatikizanso kafukufuku wa odwala omwe ali ndi mfundo zoyenera zosungitsira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, njira za jakisoni wa insulin, malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito ma glucometer kapena mawonekedwe oyeserera, pafupipafupi kuyezetsa magazi kwa zizindikiro zazikulu za metabolism ya carbohydrate, ndi zizindikiro za zovuta za matenda ashuga.
Kuwongolera kwachiwiri kwa kukonzanso kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndikakonzedwe kazakudya zochiritsira, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zaka, komanso mulingo wazinthu zolimbitsa thupi. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi zimaphatikizira kupatula kwathunthu sufurose ndi ufa woyera, komanso zakudya zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi glycemic index yayikulu,
Wodwala ayenera kudziwa njira yowerengera zakudya zomwe zimapezeka muzogulitsa, komanso ali ndi malamulo oyendetsera zakudya zamtundu wina ndi ena. Maulaliki apadera amtundu wa mafayilo a ppt omwe amaperekedwa pa intaneti, komanso timapepala tomwe timaperekedwa ndi endocrinologists, titha kuthandiza odwala matenda ashuga pamenepa.
Zomwe zimaperekedwa pazakudya za shuga ndi izi:
- Chakudya chamagulu.
- Magawo ang'onoang'ono.
- Zakudya za caloric: Chakudya cham'mawa 20%, nkhomaliro 30%, chakudya 20%, zakudya zazing'ono, 10% iliyonse.
- Kukula kwachilengedwe kwa mapuloteni.
- Kuchepa kwamafuta a nyama, cholesterol ndi sodium chloride.
- Kuphatikizidwa kwa mankhwala a lipotropic: tofu, tchizi chokoleti, nyama ya oatmeal, nyama yokonda.
- Zokwanira zamasamba, zipatso, pomwe zipatso ndi shuga m'malo mwake zimaphatikizidwa, zimayang'aniridwa ponseponse pamagulu a chakudya.
Kukonzanso ntchito zapakhomo ndi za mafakitala zimayambitsa kupeza maluso apadera omwe amalola odwala, osagwiritsa ntchito thandizo lakunja, kukhala moyo wakhama wogwirizana ndi momwe alili.
Kukonzanso thupi
Ntchito zikuluzikulu kubwezeretsa odwala pogwiritsa ntchito masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti thupi limakhala lolemera, komanso mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake, komanso kukonza kuyamwa kwa glucose mu minofu minofu.
Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolimbitsa thupi moyenera, ndizotheka kupewa zovuta za matenda a shuga, kusintha magwiridwe am'mimba, mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi, kusintha mkhalidwe wamalingaliro ndi wamalingaliro, kuchitira chithandizo chakuchotsa matenda am'mimba ndikuwonjezera chidwi cha minyewa.
Minofu contractions, makamaka panthawi yolimbitsa thupi yomwe imafunikira mphamvu, kuchepetsa shuga, ma catecholamines, triglycerides m'magazi. Nthawi yomweyo, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachepa ndipo kuthamanga kwa magazi kudzera m'mitsempha yaying'ono ya magazi kumawonjezeka, komwe kumawonjezera njira za metabolic ndi zakudya zamagulu, ndipo chiopsezo cha mafupa amachepa.
Ngati dongosolo la njira zopewera thupi silinakokedwe moyenera, kapena wodwalayo akachulukitsa katundu wake, ndiye kuti izi zitha kuyambitsa mavuto monga:
- Hypoglycemia.
- Kuchuluka kwa shuga.
- Ndi matenda a shuga a retinopathy, chiopsezo cha kukha magazi kwa mitsempha chikuwonjezeka.
- Ndi neuropathy, zolakwika zam'mimba zimapangidwa.
- Chiwopsezo cha zovuta zamagazi kapena myocardial ischemia chikuchulukitsidwa.
Kukonzanso kumayamba pambuyo pochotsa wodwalayo. Odwala otere, mkati mwa sabata loyamba, kufooka kwambiri kumadziwonetsera, kotero masewera olimbitsa thupi osavuta kwambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira ya kubwereza kwa 3-5 kwa magulu akuluakulu amisempha omwe amasinthana ndi kupuma. Kutikita minofu kapena kolala kumatha kulembedwa.
Kusavuta kosavuta kotereku kumathandizira mkhalidwe wamanjenje, mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi. Pambuyo pake, kuphunzitsa kwa autogenic kwa mphindi 10 ndikulimbikitsidwa.
Mtsogolo, odwala amatha kupatsidwa pulogalamu yopepuka yoyenda kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Katundu wotere amachitika mwezi wonse.
Seti yayikulu yophunzitsira odwala matenda ashuga
Mkhalidwe waukulu pakukonzanso kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndi kuchuluka kwama kalasi. Ngati mutapuma kwa masiku opitilira 2, izi zimachepetsa chidwi cha minofu ya m'mimba kupita ku insulin, yomwe idakwaniritsidwa ndi kulimbitsa thupi kwam'mbuyomu.
Kutalika kwa phunziroli kuyenera kukhala osachepera theka la ola. Pankhaniyi, kutentha kwatsala pafupifupi mphindi 10, ndipo gawo lomaliza ndi mphindi 7. Makalasi ayenera kukhala okwanira 4 pa sabata pamlingo woyenerera payekha.
Kuphatikizika kwakukulu kumalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga osakhazikika kapena mwamphamvu, pakhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zoyambirira za angiopathy, matenda oopsa, matenda a mtima, kunenepa kwambiri, arthropathy popanda malire oletsa kuyenda.
Maphunziro amatsutsana mwa magulu amtundu wa odwala:
- Matenda akulu a shuga ndi kukula kwa chikomokere.
- Angiopathies omwe ali ndi vuto la trophic.
- Matenda a shuga.
- Kuwona kochepa kwa matenda ashuga retinopathy.
- Matenda oopsa oopsa kapena matenda a mtima m'magawo atatu.
- Myocarditis, arrhythmia, aneurysms yamitsempha yamagazi.
- Tachycardia yokhala ndi kugunda kwa mtima kuposa 100 kupuma, fibrillation ya atria.
- Thrombophlebitis.
Komanso, mtundu wawukulu wolimbitsa thupi suchitidwa kwa odwala atatha zaka 65, kusinthasintha kwakukulu m'magazi a glucose, osakwanira ntchito yaimpso, ndi kusasamala kwambiri kwa wodwalayo komanso kusafuna kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Maphunziro omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi njinga zolimbitsa thupi, njinga zolimbitsa thupi, kuthamanga pang'ono, komanso kuvina. Zosalimbikitsa: kulimbana, kukwera, kukweza bala.
Kukonzanso kwakuthupi kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga sikuyenera kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, sikumachitika ngati kuchuluka kwa glucose kuli 11 mmol / l, komanso momwe ma ketoni amawonekera mumkodzo. Popanda ma ketones, kuphunzitsidwa ndikotheka, koma zotulukapo zake zimatha kusintha mayendedwe a glucose mmwamba ndi pansi.
Popewa hypoglycemia, ndikofunikira kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga musanayambe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso maola awiri mutatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi zakumwa zanu monga mitundu ya misuzi ya zipatso kapena zakumwa zozizilitsidwa ndi kaboni kuti muwonjezere msanga glycemia.
Pofuna kupanga pulogalamu yoyeserera bwino, kuyeserera koyambirira kumachitika ndikutsimikiziridwa kwa zofunikira zazikulu za chiphuphu cha matenda a shuga, komanso kuchuluka kwa kulimba, kukhalapo kwa concomitant pathology, ECG popuma komanso pambuyo pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo asanayambe kukonzanso pogwiritsa ntchito masewera olimbitsa thupi amalangizidwa ndi katswiri wamitsempha yamagazi, mayeso a kupsinjika pa ergometer ya njinga.
Mankhwala ali ndi malingaliro oyipa kwambiri ogwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga osamba, otentha kapena osambira limodzi ndi zolimbitsa thupi, mowa umaletsedwa, simungathe kuchita nawo chilimwe padzuwa lotseguka.
Kuphatikizana kotereku kumapangitsa kuti chiwopsezo cha mitsempha chisokonekere komanso kukoka kwa magazi mu retina ndi ubongo.
Kukonzanso ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga
Kukonzanso kwakuthupi kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kumaphatikizapo kusankha zochita zomwe mwana amakonda. Ikhoza kukhala kuthamanga, mpira wamiyendo kapena volleyball, kukwera mahatchi, kupalasa njinga, basketball, tenisi, aerobics kapena badminton.
Masewera a masewera nthawi zonse amakhala abwino kwa mwana, popanda zotsutsana, mutha kusankha masewera aliwonse olimbitsa thupi, kupatula kuthamanga kwa masewera othamanga, masewera olimbitsa thupi, kunyamula zolemera, kuyendetsa pansi madzi mwamchenga, kusewera chisanu. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga samalimbikitsidwa chifukwa chotsika kapena kukwera miyala.
Masewera osangalatsa a ana ndikusambira, popeza mtundu uwu wa katundu mwa ana ukhoza kuchulukitsa kapena kuchepetsa kwambiri shuga, zomwe zimafunikira kuti zizilimbikitsidwa mosamala kwambiri kwa ana omwe ali ndi glycemia yosakhazikika.
Zochita zolimbitsa thupi mu shuga kwa ana zimayikidwa molingana ndi malamulo awa:
- M'masiku opanda magiredi, nthawi yomweyo yomwe maphunziro amachitika, payenera kukhala zochitika zolimbitsa thupi.
- Pafupipafupi magawo pa sabata ndi 4-5 nthawi.
- Asanakhale kalasi, muyenera kudya kwa maola 1.5 - 2.
- Makalasi oyamba ayenera kukhala mphindi khumi ndi zisanu, kubweretsa mpaka mphindi 40 ndi matenda a shuga 1. Mu mtundu wachiwiri wa matendawa, nthawi imatha kuwonjezeka mpaka ola limodzi.
- Musanalemedwe, muyenera kuyeza shuga - ngati akuchepera 5.5 mmol / l, komanso ngati acetone iwoneka mkodzo, ndiye kuti simungathe kuchita.
Mwana amafunika kukhala ndi msuzi, sangweji, maswiti, komanso madzi ena ndi iye. Mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi lanu, komanso mukatha maphunziro osachepera mphindi 10-15 kuti mupumule.
Massage ndi physiotherapy a matenda ashuga
Mu shuga mellitus ndi zotupa zamitsempha yamagazi, mafupa, komanso kunenepa kwambiri ndi polyneuropathy, mankhwala othandizira ndi mankhwala. Zimasintha kayendedwe ka magazi ndi zamitsempha, zimalepheretsa kupweteka ndi kutopa poyenda, imathandizira kuchira kwa minofu yofewa, kumawonjezera mayendedwe osakanikirana omalo.
Contraindication chifukwa cha kutikita minofu ndi zovuta za shuga, zotupa za pakhungu, kuchulukitsa kwa arthropathy, komanso matenda amtundu wina.
Mu matenda a m'munsi malekezedwe a polyneuropathy, magawo minofu umachitika mu lumbosacral dera. Kutikita minofu kungachitike pokhapokha koyambirira. Chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri, kutikita minofu ndikulimbikitsidwa. Ndi zotupa za manja, kolala yokhazikika imasenda. Pazovuta zazikuluzikulu zamagazi, acupressure imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Physiotherapeutic chithandizo cha odwala matenda a shuga chimachitika ndi zotsatirazi:
- Kukondoweza kwa kupanga insulini komanso kuletsa kwazinsinsi za mahomoni olakwika.
- Kupewa kwa insulin.
- Kulimbitsa maphunziro a shuga.
- Kusunga chakudya choperekera chakudya komanso lipid metabolism
- Kupewa kwa Matenda A shuga
Pazomwezi, mafunde ophatikizika amachimo amathandizira kudera lachiwonetsero cha kapamba, mankhwala a electrophoresis a nicotinic acid kumalo osungirako kuchepa kwa magazi nthawi ya polyneuropathy, pogwiritsa ntchito maginito osinthika, laser therapy, UHF ndi ultrasound.
Phonophoresis ndi darsonvalization zimachitidwanso. Zochizira zamitsempha yamagazi ya ubongo, ma electros sleep amathanso kutumikiridwa, komanso galvanization kapena electrophoresis ya magnesium pamalire a kolala.
Mankhwala a balneological amachitika mu mawonekedwe a mpweya woipa, sulfide ndi bafa pakusenda kwa madigiri 36 12 - 15 maminiti. Kuthana ndi zotupa zam'mphepete, ma bowo a whirlpool ndi omwe amaperekedwa. Pokhapokha kuphwanya kwamva kutentha, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a parafini kapena ozokerite m'malo kapena kumapazi, manja angathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Popeza njira zonsezi ndizopanikiza, ndiye kuti pambuyo pawo ola limodzi limalimbikitsa.
Chithandizo cha physiotherapeutic ndi chosakanikirana pamaso pa matenda opatsirana, kukokoloka kwa matenda okhudzana ndi ziwalo zamkati, ndi kuwonongeka kwa kayendedwe ka magazi, kulephera kwa impso, chiopsezo cha hypoglycemic kapena matenda ashuga, komanso matenda oopsa a gawo lachitatu. Kanemayo munkhaniyi akukamba za matenda ashuga, komanso njira zamankhwala ndikukhonzanso.
