Insulin Rapid ndi yotchuka pakati pa onse omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso osadalira insulin. Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya shuga ndikofunikira m'thupi la munthu, pomwe kapangidwe kake kaleka kapena maselo a cell samazindikira, glucose imadziunjikira m'magazi ndikupanga zovuta zambiri.
Ndi chiwonetsero chazakudya zosayembekezereka za shuga, hyperglycemia imayambira kumwalira.
Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi "matenda okoma" ayenera kudziwa za othandizira a hypoglycemic ndi insulin kuti asunge kuchuluka kwa shuga mkati mwazotheka.
Limagwirira a zochita za mankhwala
Kupanga ma genetic engineering, insulin Insuman Rapid GT ndi yofanana ndi timadzi tomwe timapangidwa ndi ma cell a pancreatic beta. Mankhwalawa amasulidwa mwanjira yothetsera mtundu wopanda mtundu, womwe umabayidwa.
Chithandizo chogwira mankhwalawa ndi insulin yaumunthu. Kuphatikiza apo, kukonzekera kumakhala ndizinthu zochepa: glycerol (85%), sodium hydroxide, m-cresol, hydrochloric acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate ndi madzi osungunuka.
Hafu ya ola limodzi atalowa m'thupi la munthu, zochita zake zimayamba. Achire kwambiri achire zotsatira zimabwera pambuyo pa jekeseni patatha maola atatu jakisoni atatha. Panthawi yonseyi, insulin imakumana ndi zotsatirazi:
- kuchepa kwa magazi ndende;
- kulimbitsa zotsatira za anabolic, ndiko kuti, kukonza ndi kupanga maselo atsopano;
- zoletsa za catabolic kanthu - kagayidwe kachakudya;
- kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa shuga m'maselo, mapangidwe a glycogen mu chiwindi ndi minofu;
- kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omaliza a glucose - mapeto;
- kukakamiza kwa glycogenolysis, glyconeogeneis ndi lipolysis;
- kuchuluka kwa maugenis mu adipose minofu ndi chiwindi;
- kudya kwa potaziyamu yambiri m'magawo a ma cell.
Muzochita zachipatala, Insuman Rapid imasakanikirana ndi ma insulin ena aumunthu, omwe amapangidwa ndi Hoechst Marion Roussel, kupatula ma mahomoni omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira mapampu.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa
Dongosolo la insulin makonzedwe ndi Mlingo wake amapangidwa ndi adotolo, omwe amawerengera mayendedwe a shuga ndi kuopsa kwa mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo.
Mukatha kugula mankhwalawa, muyenera kuwerengera malangizo omwe aphatikizidwa. Ngati muli ndi mafunso, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, munthu ayenera kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo omwe adalandira kuchokera kwa dokotala ndi malingaliro omwe akuwonetsa mu malangizo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Malangizowa ali ndi mndandanda wathunthu wa machitidwe omwe insulin imagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga ofuna insulin;
- Kukula kwa matenda a shuga (ketoacidotic kapena hypersmolar);
- ketoacidosis - kuphwanya kagayidwe ka chakudya chifukwa chosowa insulin;
- kukwanitsa kulipira odwala matenda ashuga omwe adzachitidwa opaleshoni kapena opaleshoni.
M'mayendedwe ophatikizidwa mulibe kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, amangotchulidwa ndi dokotala. Mlingo wapamwamba sapitilira 0.5-1 IU / kg pa tsiku. Kuphatikiza apo, Rapid insulin imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati timadzi tomwe timagwira kwa nthawi yayitali, mlingo womwe tsiku lililonse umakhala pafupifupi 60% ya kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa. Wodwala akatembenuka kuchokera ku mankhwala ena kupita ku Insuman Rapid, vuto lake liyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Mutha kuwunikira mfundo zazikuluzikulu zakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa:
- yankho limaperekedwa kwa mphindi 15-20 musanadye;
- jakisoni amapatsidwa subcutaneous ndi intramuscularly;
- malo omwe jakisoni ayenera kusinthidwa nthawi zonse;
- ndi hyperglycemic chikomokere, ketoacidosis ndi kagayidwe kachakudya kagayidwe kachakudya, mankhwalawa kutumikiridwa m`nsinga;
- mankhwalawa sagwiritsa ntchito mapampu a insulin;
- 100 IU / ml syringes amagwiritsidwa ntchito jakisoni;
- Insulin yofulumira samasakanizidwa ndi mahomoni a nyama ndi zina, mankhwala ena;
- Pamaso jakisoni, yang'anani yankho, ngati pali ma cell mkati mwake - kuyambitsa ndikuloletsedwa;
- pamaso pa jakisoni, mpweya umatengedwa mu syringe (voliyumu ndi yofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin), kenako ndikutulutsidwa mu vial;
- kufunika kwa yankho kumasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku vial ndipo thovu limachotsedwa;
- khungu limakhazikika ndipo mahomoni amayambitsidwa pang'onopang'ono;
- mutachotsa singano, tampon kapena swab thonje imayikidwa pamtengo;
- pa botolo lembani tsiku la jakisoni woyamba.
Mankhwalawa amasungidwa m'malo amdima osapeza ana aang'ono. Kutentha kosungirako ndi madigiri 2-8, yankho lake sayenera kuzizira.
Moyo wa alumali ndi zaka ziwiri, pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
Contraindication, zotheka kuvulaza ndi bongo
Mankhwalawa ali ndi ma contraindication awiri okha - kuzindikira kwamunthu pazigawo ndi msinkhu wa ana mpaka zaka ziwiri.
Kuchepetsa kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa choti maphunziro sanachitepo kanthu chifukwa cha kufulumira kwa insulin kwa ana aang'ono.
Chimodzi mwa mankhwalawa ndi mwayi woti angagwiritse ntchito pokhudzana ndi bere ndi poyamwitsa.
Nthawi zina, chifukwa cha bongo kapena zifukwa zina, zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa zimachitika:
- Hypoglycemia, zomwe zizindikiro zake ndi kugona, tachycardia, chisokonezo, mseru, ndi kusanza.
- Kutalika kwakanthawi kwa ziwalo zooneka, nthawi zina kukula kwa zovuta - matenda ashuga retinopathy. Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kutukusira kwa retina, komwe kumapangitsa chithunzi chamaso pamaso, maso osiyanasiyana.
- Kuwonongeka kwamafuta kapena redness m'dera la jakisoni.
- Hypersensitivity zochita zimakhala zosowa. Izi zitha kukhala angioedema, bronchospasm, kutsitsa magazi kapena kugwedezeka kwa anaphylactic.
- Mapangidwe a ma antibodies ku hormone yoyambitsidwa.
- Kusungidwa kwa sodium mthupi la munthu, chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa kutupika kwa minofu.
- Akuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu m'thupi, edema yam'mimba.
Ngati wodwalayo adadzipweteka yekha ndi insulin yayikulu kuposa momwe amafunidwira, mwanjira iliyonse izi zingayambitse hypoglycemia mu shuga. Wodwala akazindikira, ayenera kudya zakudya zabwino kwambiri, kenako kudya zakudya zamafuta.
Ngati munthuyo sakudziwa, amapatsidwa jakisoni wa glucagon (1 mg) intramuscularly kapena njira ya glucose (20 kapena 30 ml). Zotheka kuchitika komwe kukonzanso shuga kumafunikira. Mlingo wa glucagon kapena glucose wa mwana amawerengeredwa potengera kulemera kwake.
Kuchita ndi mankhwala ena
Pakusintha kwa Insuman Rapid GT, dotolo amawunika kulekerera kwa mankhwalawa pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a intradermal kuti apewe kugwidwa. Kumayambiriro kwa zamankhwala, kuukira kwa glycemic ndikotheka, makamaka odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi shuga wochepa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi imodzimodzi ya munthu mahomoni amunthu, hypoglycemic ndi njira zina zingakhudze zochita za insulin Insuman Rapid mosiyanasiyana.
Mndandanda wathunthu wamankhwala osavomerezeka ungapezeke muzomwe mungagwiritse ntchito.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa beta-blockers kumawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi chikhalidwe cha hypoglycemia, kuphatikiza, amatha kuyesa kuziziritsa. Zakumwa zoledzeretsa zimathandizanso magazi a m'magazi.
Kutsika kwamphamvu kwa glucose kumayambitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa:
- salicylates, kuphatikizapo acetylsalicylic acid;
- anabolic steroids, amphetamines, mahomoni ogonana amuna;
- monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO);
- angiotensin kutembenuza ma enzyme (ACE) zoletsa;
- mankhwala ochepetsa shuga;
- tetracycline, sulfonamides, trophosphamides;
- cyclophosphamide ndi ena.
Mankhwala ndi zinthu zoterezi zimatha kukulitsa zovuta za insulin ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi:
- corticotropin;
- corticosteroids;
- barbiturates;
- danazole;
- glucagon;
- estrogens, progesterones;
- nicotinic acid ndi ena.
Kuwukira kwambiri kwa hypoglycemia kumakhudzanso chidwi cha anthu, omwe amathandiza kwambiri pakuwongolera magalimoto kapena magalimoto. Mutha kuwonjezera shuga pakudya chidutswa cha shuga kapena kumwa msuzi wokoma.
Zovuta monga kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, jakisoni wolumikizira, matenda opatsirana komanso ma virus, komanso kukhala ndi moyo wongokhala.
Mtengo, ndemanga ndi fanizo
Aliyense, wokhala ndi malangizo a dokotala nawo, amatha kugula mankhwalawo ku pharmacy kapena kuyitanitsa pa intaneti. Mtengo wa insulini umatengera kuchuluka kwa mabotolo amtunduwu. Kwenikweni, mtengo umasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku 1000 mpaka 1460 ma ruble aku Russia pacholo lililonse la mankhwalawo.
Ndemanga ya anthu ambiri odwala matenda ashuga omwe adapatsidwa jakisoni wa insulin ndiabwino kwambiri. Amazindikira kuchepa kwa shuga m'miyezo yayikulu. Insulin Rapid GT imakhaladi ndi zotsatira zake, mtengo wake umakhala wotsika. Choyipa chokha cha mankhwalawa ndikuwonetsera zotsatira zake zoyipa pamalo a jekeseni. Ambiri adanenanso redness ndi kuyabwa m'dera lomwe panali jekeseni. Chodabwitsachi chimatha kuchotsedwa pakubayira nthawi iliyonse kumalo ena kapena dera lina.
Mwambiri, odwala komanso madokotala onse amawona kukonzekera kwa insulin kumeneku. Odwala adapeza zabwino kuchokera ku insulin mankhwala pomwe amatsata zakudya zomwe zimapatula zovuta zam'mimba komanso shuga, masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikuwongolera thupi.
Pankhani ya tsankho la munthu payekha pazamankhwala, dokotala ali ndi ntchito yotola insulini ina kwa wodwala. Mwa mankhwala ambiri, maulumikizidwe omwe amakhala ndi zinthu zomwezi amatha kusiyanitsidwa. Mwachitsanzo:
- Actrapid NM
- Biosulin P,
- Rinsulin P,
- Rosinsulin P,
- Humulin Wokhazikika.
Nthawi zina adotolo amasankha mankhwala ofanana omwe ali ndi chinthu china chachikulu, koma amathandizanso chimodzimodzi. Izi zitha kukhala Apidra, Novorapid Penfill, Novorapid Flexspen, Humalog ndi mankhwala ena. Amatha kukhala osiyanasiyana pamtundu wa Mlingo, komanso mtengo. Mwachitsanzo, mtengo wamba wa mankhwala a Humalog ndi ma ruble 1820, ndipo ndalama za Apidra ndi ma ruble 1880. Chifukwa chake, kusankha kwa mankhwalawa kumatengera zinthu ziwiri zofunika kwambiri - kuchuluka kwa njira zochiritsira thupi la wodwalayo komanso mphamvu zake zachuma.
Pakati pa mankhwala ambiri a insulin, kugwiritsa ntchito Insuman Rapid GT ndikofunikira kudziwa. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa msanga misempha yachilengedwe.
Popeza mankhwalawa ali ndi zotsutsana ndi zovuta zina, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumachitika motsogozedwa ndi dokotala. Koma kuti tithane ndi matenda a shuga ndikusintha kuchuluka kwa shuga, ndikofunikira kuti musangophatikiza jakisoni wa insulin, komanso kuti muzitsatira zakudya zoyenera komanso kukhala ndi moyo wogwira ntchito. Mwanjira imeneyi ndi pomwe munthu angatsimikizire kukhala ndi moyo wabwino komanso wanthawi zonse. Kanemayo munkhaniyi ayankhula za mitundu ina ya insulin.
