Matenda a shuga ndi matenda amtundu wa endocrine omwe amafunikira njira mosamala. Kuphatikiza pa chithandizo chamankhwala, wodwalayo amafunika chithandizo chamankhwala kuti ateteze thupi lake ku zovuta za ziwalo zomwe zikulipidwa.
Kulephera kwamphamvu m'magazi a shuga ndi vuto lodziwika bwino, chifukwa ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, kumatenga madzimadzi limodzi nawo, potero kumakulitsa kuthinikizidwa mkati mwa glomeruli. Ngati simubweretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndiye kuti nthendayo ndiyowopsa ndikutayika kwathunthu kwa impso. Wodwala amafunikira kuyimba pafupipafupi.
Zizindikiro zisanu zakuyamba kwa kulephera kwa impso mu matenda a shuga zidzafotokozedwa pansipa, momwe mungapangitsire kugwira ntchito kwa chiwalocho ndi chakudya, chakudya chambiri chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso, komanso mndandanda woyenera wa sabata.
Momwe mungadziwire matendawa munthawi yake
Nthawi zambiri shuga wambiri nthawi yayitali amakhala ndi zotsutsana ndi impso. Nthawi zambiri, kulephera kwa impso kumachitika mu mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, pomwe glycemia amabisika koma osachiritsidwa.
Matenda a shuga ndi impso zimalumikizana. Izi zikufotokozedwa mophweka - kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumapangitsa kupsinjika mkati mwa glomeruli la impso. Zigobazi zawo zimakula pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimatulutsa mitsempha yamagazi. Kusokonezeka kwa thupi kotereku kumaphatikizapo kuyeretsa kwamphamvu kwa magazi. Ngati matendawa sanalandiridwe, amatha kudwala, ndipo pambuyo pake wodwala adzafunikira dialysis.
Kutsegula m'mimba ndi njira yomwe imagwirira ntchito m'malo azachipatala mothandizidwa ndi zida zoyeretsera magazi. Kutsegula pakhungu limodzi ndi kulephera kwaimpso ndikofunikira, nthawi yake imayikidwa ndi adokotala okha. Kuti muzindikire kuwonongeka kwa impso mu matenda a shuga, muyenera kulabadira izi:
- nseru
- kuchepetsa kukodza;
- kusanza
- kupweteka mutu pafupipafupi;
- kukokana.
Kuwona izi, kapena chimodzi mwazo, muyenera kulankhulana ndi nephrologist. Ngati ntchito ya impso mu matenda ashuga imalephera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ma nephrons abwinobwino, ndiye kuti matenda amtunduwu amatchedwa kulephera kwa impso.
Popewa matenda, odwala omwe ali ndi insulin amayenera kufufuza pafupipafupi ngati magazi awo akwezedwa. Pofuna kupewa matenda, mankhwalawa amayikidwa kuti athandize kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Endocrinologist imayang'anira kayendetsedwe ka mankhwala osokoneza bongo (Metformin, Glucobay) ndi zakudya zapadera zochokera ku glycemic index (GI).
Pofuna kupewa kuperewera kwa impso mu matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kuyendera endocrinologist ndi nephrologist chaka chilichonse.
GI mu zakudya mankhwala a matenda a impso
Zakudya za impso zamagulu a shuga ziyenera kukhala zochepa-carb ndipo zimakhala ndi mapuloteni ochepa a nyama. Zakudya zotere sizimachulukitsa glucose m'magazi, potero kukhazikitsa ndipo nthawi yomweyo sikulemetsa ntchito ya impso.
Matenda a shuga enieni amakakamiza munthu moyo wake wonse kuti azitsatira machiritso azakudya chifukwa cha kusankha kwa mankhwala a GI. Chizindikiritso ichi mu digito chimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimapangidwa ndi chakudya pamlingo wa glucose m'magazi mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito.
Mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga, chakudyacho chimakhala ngati chithandizo chachikulu, ndipo mwa mtundu wokhazikika wa insulin, ndiye chithandizo chofanana chomwe chimakwaniritsa insulin.
GI imagawidwa m'magulu angapo:
- 0 - 50 PIECES - chizindikiro chotsika;
- 50 - 69 mayunitsi - pafupifupi;
- Mayunitsi 70 ndi pamwambapa ndi chizindikiro chachikulu.
Munthu akakhala ndi shuga wambiri, ndiye kuti kukana kwathunthu zakudya zomwe zili ndi GI yayikulu. Chakudya chachikulu chimapangidwa ndi zopangidwa ndi GI yotsika, chakudya chomwe chimakhala ndi zizindikiro zowonetsedwa chimaloledwa kuphatikizidwa mumenyu monga kusiyapo kangapo pa sabata.
Ndi zakudya zosayenera, wodwala akamadya chakudya chamafuta othamanga, sikuti shuga ya magazi yokha imangowonjezereka, komanso mitsempha ya magazi imatha kutsekeka, chifukwa chakudya chotere chimakhala ndi cholesterol yoyipa.
Wodwala akapezeka kuti ali ndi vuto la impso ndipo magazi ake amakwezedwa pafupipafupi, ndikofunikira kudya zakudya zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic.
Mfundo zachakudya zakulephera kwa impso
Shuga akakwezedwa, wodwalayo ayenera kuyesetsa kuti achepetse, chifukwa amawononga osati ntchito ya impso, komanso ziwalo zina zofunika. Chofunikira pakuthandizira shuga m'magazi ndi dongosolo lazakudya.
Menyu yopangidwa moyenera siyimangoyendetsa bwino thanzi la wodwalayo, komanso imachotsa zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana za matendawo. Ndikofunikira kuti wodwala akudwala dialysis achepetse kudya mapuloteni tsiku ndi tsiku, omwe sayenera kupitirira 70 magalamu.
Ndikwabwino kusathira mchere pakuphika, ngati nkotheka, muchepetse mchere wochepa. Tsiku ayenera kumwa lita imodzi ya madzi oyeretsedwa.
Malamulo oyambira pazakudya:
- Zakudya zazing'ono magawo 5-6 patsiku;
- kupatula tiyi wamphamvu ndi khofi pazakudya;
- kudya kwamadzi ambiri;
- mtundu wovomerezeka wamapuloteni a nyama osaposa magalamu 70;
- musadyeko zopitilira 150 zipatso kapena zipatso tsiku lililonse;
- kupatula zonunkhira ndi zakudya zonunkhira kuchokera muzakudya;
- gwiritsani ntchito mbale mwanjira yotentha;
- kukana zakudya zokhala ndi kuchuluka kwa oxalic acid, potaziyamu ndi calcium - zimapatsa mphamvu ntchito ya impso;
- chakudya chomaliza osachepera maola angapo asanagone.
Kuphatikiza apo, ma nephrologists amalimbikitsa zinthu zonse, kupatula zipatso, kuti azitha kulandira chithandizo cha kutentha. Muyenera kuphika zakudya motere:
- chithupsa;
- kwa okwatirana;
- kuthira pamadzi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa;
- kuphika mu uvuni.
Pamene dialysis ikuchitika kwa wodwala, dokotala amatha kusintha pang'ono pang'onopang'ono zakudya, payekhapayekha malinga ndi chithunzi cha matendawa.
Monga tafotokozera kale, zakudya zomwe zidachulukitsa potaziyamu ndi calcium siziperekedwa kuchakudya. Zinthu zotere zimafunikira kwambiri kuchokera ku impso, koma sizotheka ndi kulephera kwa impso.
Muyenera kusiya izi:
- mbatata
- zipatso zamtundu uliwonse zouma;
- nyemba - nandolo, malenje, anapiye, nyemba;
- cocoa ufa, khofi ndi tiyi;
- Sipinachi
- mitundu yonse ya mtedza;
- Tirigu
- soya.
Kuti athandize kufooka kwa potaziyamu ndi calcium, a nephrologist amapereka mankhwala apadera. Pankhaniyi, kudzipereka nokha koletsedwa.
Zosankha sabata
Chotsatira ndi chakudya chakulephera kwa impso ndi matenda ashuga a sabata, omwe angasinthidwe malinga ndi zomwe amakonda. Koma musaiwale za malingaliro omwe ali pamwambapa.
Iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi udindo wonse pakupeza chakudya cha wodwalayo, chifukwa ndizosatheka kuwunika kuti ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo ndi mfundo zamankhwala azakudya.
Umboni wina ndikuti mukonze zakudya zanu kuti zitha kudya pafupipafupi. Pewani kudya kwambiri komanso nthawi yomweyo, pewani njala.
Lolemba:
- kadzutsa koyamba - kagawo ka mkate wa rye, tchizi tofu, tiyi;
- kadzutsa wachiwiri - maapulo ophika, 150 ml ya kefir, kapu yamadzi oyeretsedwa;
- nkhomaliro - msuzi wamasamba, barele wokhala ndi cutlet ya nsomba, tiyi;
- tiyi wamasana - dzira lotentha, saladi wamasamba, kapu yamadzi;
- chakudya chamadzulo choyamba - kabichi wowotchera ndi mpunga wa bulauni;
- Chakudya chachiwiri ndichokondweretsa.
Lachiwiri:
- kadzutsa woyamba - masamba saladi, tiyi;
- Cheesecakes wopanda shuga ndi tiyi, peyala imodzi;
- nkhomaliro - msuzi wamasamba, buckwheat wokhala ndi bere la nkhuku yophika, kapu yamadzi;
- masana - chakudya chamasamba, kagawo ka mkate wa rye, kapu yamadzi;
- chakudya chamadzulo choyamba - chakudya chamasamba, kagawo ka mkate wa rye, tiyi;
- chakudya chachiwiri ndi tchizi tchizi ndi ryazhenka.
Lachitatu:
- kadzutsa woyamba - apulo umodzi, tchizi chochepa chamafuta;
- kadzutsa wachiwiri - oatmeal pamadzi, maapulo ophika, kapu yamadzi;
- nkhomaliro - msuzi wokhala ndi mpunga wamafuta, pike papilo lamasamba, kagawo ka mkate wa rye, tiyi;
- tiyi wamadzulo - omelet ndi masamba, tiyi;
- woyamba chakudya - barele phala ndi nkhuku ya chiwindi msuzi, tiyi;
- chakudya chachiwiri ndi yogati yopanda mafuta.
Lachinayi:
- kadzutsa koyamba - saladi wa zipatso mu kuchuluka kwa magalamu 150, tiyi wokhala ndi mkate wa rye;
- kadzutsa wachiwiri - oatmeal pamadzi, tiyi;
- nkhomaliro - msuzi wamasamba, masamba otentha, squid yophika, tiyi;
- chakudya chamadzulo masana - zakudya zonona chifukwa cha oatmeal, kagawo ka mkate wa rye;
- chakudya chamadzulo - lilime yophika ng'ombe, phala la tirigu wamasamba pamadzi, tiyi;
- chakudya chachiwiri ndi kapu ya mkaka uliwonse wamafuta wopanda mafuta.
Lachisanu:
- kadzutsa woyamba - saladi wa mabulosi, tiyi;
- kadzutsa wachiwiri - omelet ndi masamba, kapu yamadzi;
- nkhomaliro - msuzi wokhala ndi durum tirigu vermicelli, balere, zinziri zophika, tiyi;
- tiyi wamadzulo - maapulo ophika, tiyi, chidutswa cha mkate wa rye ndi tchizi tofu;
- chakudya chamadzulo choyamba - masamba ophika poto ndi nkhuku, tiyi;
- chakudya chachiwiri - curd soufflé, kapu yamadzi.
Loweruka:
- kadzutsa woyamba - magalamu 150 a masamba aliwonse kapena zipatso (otsika GI);
- kadzutsa wachiwiri - oatmeal pamadzi, tiyi;
- nkhomaliro - msuzi wamasamba, ng'ombe yophika, buckwheat, tiyi;
- tiyi wamadzulo - chidutswa cha mkate wa rye, tchizi tofu, tiyi;
- chakudya chamadzulo choyamba - mazira oswidwa ndi masamba, kagawo ka mkate wa rye, khofi wofooka4
- chakudya chachiwiri - apulo wophika, tiyi.
Lamlungu:
- kadzutsa koyamba - saladi wa zipatso, 150 ml ya mkaka wokhathamira;
- kadzutsa wachiwiri - mpunga wa bulauni ndi masamba, tiyi;
- nkhomaliro - msuzi wa buckwheat, cutlet ya nsomba, kolifulawa yophika, tiyi;
- tiyi wamadzulo - chidutswa cha mkate wa rye ndi phala la odwala matenda ashuga a chiwindi, tiyi;
- chakudya chamadzulo choyamba - chakudya chamasamba, dzira lophika, tiyi;
- chakudya chachiwiri - magalamu 150 a oatmeal m'madzi.
Mu kanema munkhaniyi, mutu wa zakudya zoperewera kwa impso ukupitilira.
