Zakudya zoyenera kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndizofunikira monga kumwa mankhwala kapena kuperekera insulin. Popeza kulipira kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikovuta kuposa kupewa.
Zakudya zitha kukhala chinthu chachikulu chothandizira pamagawo oyamba a matendawa ndipo ndikofunikira kupewa kupewa zovuta mu chithunzi chitukuko cha matenda. Zakudya zochizira zamtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri ndizokhazikitsidwa ndi mfundo zosiyanasiyana. Chokhacho chokhacho kwa iwo chinali choletsa kufikira kupatula kwa mafuta osavuta.
Cholinga cha chakudya cha matenda a shuga 1 ndikulepheretsa kuchuluka kwa glucose osafunikira, choncho muyenera kuwunika pafupipafupi - kuyezetsa magazi musanadye ndi maola awiri mutatha. Kwa matenda a shuga a 2, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya kuti muchepetse kunenepa kwambiri komanso kupewa kutulutsa insulin.
Zakudya Zoyambirira Za Matenda A shuga
Kuti kuyezetsa magazi magazi kukuwonetsa zofunika kwambiri, sikokwanira kungochita insulin kapena kumwa mapiritsi. Izi ndichifukwa choti ngakhale ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwa nthawi ya makonzedwe a mankhwalawa pazikhalidwe, glycemia imadzuka kale kuposa momwe zotsatira zake zimayambira.
Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwakukula m'magazi kumakhalabe kwakanthawi. Izi sizingakhudze mitsempha ya magazi, mitsempha ndi impso. Chikhulupiriro chakuti kugwiritsa ntchito insulin kapena mapiritsi, shuga kumatha kulola zakudya zonse kukhala zolakwika.
Kulephera kutsatira zakudya kumayambitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga, komanso zovuta kuchitira matenda amtundu wa shuga, momwe amasintha kwambiri shuga. Monga lamulo, chakudyacho chimapatsidwa No. 9 malinga ndi Pevzner. Imafunikira kusinthidwa kwa wodwala aliyense, poganizira matenda omwe amakhala nawo.
Mfundo zofunika kwambiri pakumanga chakudya:
- Mapuloteni amayambitsidwa mwachilengedwe, pafupifupi zofanana pakati pa chomera ndi nyama.
- Mafuta amakhala ochepa chifukwa cha zadzaza, zomwe zimachokera ku nyama.
- Zakudya zomanga thupi ndizochepa, mosavuta kugaya chakudya.
- Zinthu zamchere ndi cholesterol zimayendetsedwa.
- Zogulitsa za lipotropic (kuletsa kufotokozera kwamafuta) zochita zikuchulukira: tchizi tchizi, tofu, oatmeal, nyama yopendekera, nsomba.
- Zakudya zokwanira ndi CHIKWANGWANI: chinangwa, masamba atsopano ndi zipatso zopanda zipatso.
- M'malo mwa shuga, kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya matenda ashuga - shuga.
Chakudyacho chimagawidwanso - pafupifupi 5-6 pa tsiku. Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu ziyenera kugawidwa wogawana pakudya zazikulu. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka ndi insulin. Kudya calorie zimatengera zaka komanso kuchuluka kwa zolimbitsa thupi.
Ndi onenepa kwambiri (mtundu 2 shuga) ndi ochepa.
Zakudya, kutengera mtundu wa shuga
Kugawa kwa zopatsa mphamvu kumapangidwa m'njira yoti kuchuluka (30%) kugwera pa nkhomaliro, gawo laling'ono (20% lirilonse) pa chakudya cham'mawa komanso m'mawa, pakhoza kukhalanso zokhwasula 2 kapena 3 zama 10% chilichonse. Ndi mankhwala a insulini, chinthu choyambirira ndichakudya ndi ola limodzi ndi jakisoni wa mphindi 30 asanadye.
Mu mtundu woyamba wa matenda, zakudya zonse zimadyedwa pokhudzana ndi magawo a mkate, popeza kuti mlingo wa insulin womwe umayendetsedwa umadalira iwo. Zinthu zomwe sizikhala ndi ma carbohydrate zimawerengedwa pokhapokha kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa kalori, sizingakhale zochepa, makamaka ndi thupi labwinobwino kapena locheperako.
Kuchokera pa mkate umodzi mpaka umodzi muyenera kulowa kuchokera ku insulin ya 0,5 mpaka 2 UNITS, kuti muwerenge moyenera, kuyezetsa magazi kumachitika musanadye komanso chakudya chisanafike. Zomwe zili zamagulu a mkate zitha kutsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiro zapadera zowonetsedwa m'matafura. Pakuwongolera, 1 XE ndi 12 g yamafuta, kuchuluka kumeneku kumakhala ndi chidutswa chimodzi cha mkate rye wolemera 25 g.
Mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu 2 amachokera pa kuwonda kwambiri, kuphatikiza zakudya zomwe zimayambitsa kwambiri shuga, komanso kutulutsa insulin yambiri. Mwa izi, hypocaloric zakudya imayikidwa motsutsana ndi maziko azinthu zolimbitsa thupi komanso kumwa mapiritsi.
Kusankhidwa kwa malonda kuyenera kutengera glycemic index (GI). Mukamaphunzira momwe zingayambire kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, zakudya zonse zokhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zimagawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:
- Zero - palibe chakudya, simungathe kuletsa: nsomba, nyama yopendekera, nkhuku, mazira.
- GI yotsika - mtedza, soya, kabichi, bowa, nkhaka, kabichi, chinangwa, mabulosi, raspberries, biringanya, maapulo, mphesa ndi ena. Kuphatikiza popanda malire mkati mwa zopatsa mphamvu za tsiku ndi tsiku za calorie.
- Mlozera wapakatikati ndi ufa wonse wa chimanga, supimmon, chinanazi, mpunga wopanda bulangeti, zopangira thukuta, oats, chicory. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito munthawi yamagulu olimba.
- Zakudya zomwe zili ndi GI yayikulu sazipatula muzakudya: shuga, mbatata, mikate yoyera, chimanga chambiri, zipatso zouma, ufa ndi confectionery, kuphatikizapo odwala matenda ashuga.
Ndi thupi labwinobwino, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zili ndi index ya glycemic, komanso zakudya zotsekemera m'malo mwa shuga mosamala, pokhapokha ngati mukuyang'anitsitsa shuga wamagazi.
Zakudya Zoyambirira Zakudya
Kudya kwa wodwala matenda ashuga kuyenera kuphatikizapo maphunziro oyamba, chifukwa amakhala ndi mwayi wodzala komanso kupukusa chakudya cham'mimba ndi matumbo. Pokonzekera, masamba, nyama yopendekera, nsomba, ndi mbewu zosaloledwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Msuzi ukhoza kuphikidwa kokha wofooka, makamaka wachiwiri. Ndi cholesterol yayikulu m'magazi, komanso pamaso pa cholecystitis kapena kapamba, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muphatikize maphunziro oyamba a masamba mu zakudya.
Nyama imatha kusankhidwa kuchokera kumagawo osakhala mafuta a nkhuku, nkhuku, kalulu kapena ng'ombe. Masamba a msuzi - kabichi, zukini, nyemba zobiriwira, nandolo zazing'ono, biringanya. Ndikwabwino kuti musatenge chimanga osati tirigu, koma tirigu wathunthu - oats, buckwheat, barele.
Zosankha zamaphunziro oyamba sabata:
- Msuzi wokongoletsa.
- Msuzi ndi turkey nyama.
- Msuzi wa Beetroot.
- Msuzi wa bowa ndi nyemba zobiriwira.
- Sorelo ndi sipinachi kabichi msuzi ndi dzira.
- Msuzi ndi kabichi, nandolo wobiriwira ndi tomato.
- Khutu ndi balere.
Pophika, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a masamba okha, koma ndibwino kupatula popanda. Zophika zophika, kuwonjezera kwa amadyera ndi supuni ya kirimu wowawasa ndikuloledwa. Mkate umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera ku ufa wa rye kapena ndi chinangwa.
Mbale yoyamba imatha kuphatikizidwa ndi zopanga zopanga tokha.
Maphunziro achiwiri a odwala matenda ashuga
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito nyama yophika, yowotchera, mu mawonekedwe a casseroles kapena minced nyama. Osamawaza batala, ndipo makamaka pa nkhumba kapena ng'ombe, mafuta a mutton. Konzani zakudya kuchokera ku veal, Turkey, kalulu kapena nkhuku, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito lilime yophika ndi soseji yazakudya. Zopanda chifukwa cha cholesterol yayikulu siziyikidwa.
Kodi kuphika nsomba kwa odwala matenda ashuga? Mutha kuphika nsomba yophika, yophika, yofunafuna kapena yophikidwa ndi masamba. Kuchokera ku minced minced amaloledwa kuphatikiza ma-meatball, ma-meatball, ma-meatbord mumenyu, ndipo nthawi zina zakudya zamzitini amaloledwa mu phwetekere kapena msuzi wake.
Ndi onenepa kwambiri, nyama ndi nsomba zimaphatikizidwa bwino kwambiri ndi masamba abwino a masamba omwe amapaka ndi supuni ya mpendadzuwa kapena mafuta a azitona, mandimu ndi zitsamba. Saladi iyenera kukhala theka la mbale, ndipo inayo yonse igawikidwe pakati pa nyama kapena nsomba ndi mbale yakumbuyo.
Mutha kuphika maphunziro achiwiri awa:
- Ng'ombe zokhazokha ndi masamba.
- Cod cutlets ndi stewed kabichi.
- Nkhuku yophika ndi biringanya wophika.
- Zukini odzaza ndi nyama.
- Pollock fillet yophika phwetekere, zitsamba ndi tchizi.
- Kalulu wojambulidwa ndi phala la buckwheat.
- Chomera chamasamba ndi pike yophika.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza nyama yamafuta (mwanawankhosa, nkhumba), bakha, soseji zambiri, nyama zamzitini muzakudya. Ndikofunika kusadya nsomba zamzitini mu mafuta, mchere ndi mafuta ochulukirapo.
Pazakudya zam'mbali, simungagwiritse ntchito mpunga wokhala ndi msuzi, pasitala, semolina ndi umzake, mbatata, kaloti owiritsa ndi beets, masamba ophika, zipatso.
Zakudya za shuga
Kuti mudziwe zoyenera kuphika ndi shuga za mtundu wachiwiri wamafuta, muyenera kuganizira kwambiri za kusanthula shuga. Ngati matendawa adalipidwa, ndiye kuti mutha kuphatikiza zipatso zokoma ndi zipatso ndi zipatso zatsopano, mwanjira ya jelly kapena mousses, timadziti. Pochulukirapo, maswiti ndi ma cookie pa zotsekemera, supuni yotseketsa uchi imaloledwa.
Ngati mayesowa akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa hyperglycemia, ndiye nthochi, mphesa, madeti ndi zoumba, komanso maswiti apadera a matenda ashuga ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi ufa siziperekedwa kwathunthu. Mutha kuwonjezera tiyi ya stevia ku tiyi kapena khofi. Zipatso ndi zipatso makamaka zimadyedwa mwatsopano.
Zakudya zilizonse zokhala ndi zakudya zomwe zimapezeka m'magazi ziyenera kusankhidwa kuchokera mndandanda wokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic.
- Chokoleti chakuda - 30 g.
- Blueberries, wakuda currants, raspberries ndi sitiroberi, jamu.
- Blueberries ndi mabulosi akutchire.
- Chicory ndi stevia.
- Ma plums ndi mapichesi.
Amaloledwanso kuwonjezera zipatso ku tchizi tchizi, kuphika kanyumba tchizi casseroles ndi maapulo kapena plums, ndikugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zamafuta ochepa mkaka wopanda mkaka. Ndikwabwino kuphika nokha kunyumba kuchokera mkaka ndi mkaka wowonda.
Kuchepetsa index ya glycemic, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwonjezere chinangwa pakuphika, chimanga, zinthu mkaka.
Zakumwa za maphikidwe a matenda ashuga
Zakumwa zochokera ku chicory, rosehip, tiyi wobiriwira, chokeberry, lingonberry, makangaza achilengedwe ndi msuzi wa chitumbuwa zimakhala ndi zothandiza pa matenda ashuga. Mutha kumwa khofi, tiyi wa amonke a shuga ndi cocoa ochepa omwe ali ndi shuga.
Mankhwala azitsamba amalimbikitsidwa, omwe amachititsa kuti kagayidwe kachakudya kazisintha. Zomera zoterezi amazigwiritsa ntchito: masamba rasipiberi, mabulosi abulu, udzu wa St. Zakumwa za tonic zimakonzedwa kuchokera ku lemongrass, muzu wa ginseng ndi Rhodiola rosea.
Ndikofunikira kupatula zakumwa zoledzeretsa, makamaka ndi insulin. Mowa pambuyo pa mphindi 30 umayambitsa kukwera kwa shuga m'magazi, ndipo pambuyo pa maola 4-5 kuchepa kwake kosalamulirika .. Kudya kwamadzulo kwambiri ndizowopsa, popeza kuwukira kwa hypoglycemic kumachitika nthawi zambiri usiku.
Ngati mukufunikira kusankha pakati pa zowopsa komanso zowopsa, ndiye kuti mowa, vinyo wotsekemera ndi champagnes, komanso mitundu yayikulu ya mizimu ndizoletsedwa. Osapitirira 100 g omwe mungamwe vinyo wowuma wa tebulo, 30-50 g wa mowa wamphamvu kapena cognac, onetsetsani kuti mwadya.
Kanemayo munkhaniyi ayankhula za maphikidwe a odwala matenda ashuga.
