"Metformin imachulukitsa moyo" - awa ndi malingaliro omwe amaperekedwa ndi asayansi ambiri pamayesero osiyanasiyana azachipatala. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amadziwa za mankhwalawa, omwe amakakamizidwa kumwa piritsi pafupifupi m'moyo wawo wonse.
Mankhwalawa ndi amodzi mwa mankhwalawa omwe ali ndi vuto la hypoglycemic, chifukwa chake amakhala mnzake wokhazikika pakukula kwa hyperglycemia. Kodi Metformin ingatengedwe ndi anthu athanzi ngati kulibe matenda ashuga?
Kafukufuku wa sayansi akutsimikizira kuti metformin yotalikitsa moyo ndi mankhwala othandizira kukalamba.
Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumathandizira kulepheretsa kukalamba m'thupi la munthu.
Metformin imachepetsa kukalamba pamawonekedwe a ma cell.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wazachipatala, mankhwala akhoza kubweretsa zotsatirazi zabwino chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito:
Imakhala ndi ntchito yoteteza ku ntchito ya ubongo ku ukalamba. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti imodzi mwazovuta za matenda a senile ndikupanga matenda a Alzheimer's, momwe amachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa ma cell amitsempha mu hippocampus.
Kutengera ndi kuyesaku, zinatsimikiziridwa kuti mankhwalawa amadzutsa maselo am'mimba, chifukwa chomwe ma neurons atsopano amapangidwa - maselo aubongo ndi chingwe cha msana.
Kuti muwonetse izi, muyenera kutenga gramu imodzi ya mankhwala othandizira - metformin hydrochloride - patsiku.
Mlingo uwu umapangidwira odwala omwe ali ndi kulemera kwamakilogalamu makumi asanu ndi limodzi. Kuphatikiza apo, matenda osiyanasiyana a mtima amayamba kuonekera ndi zaka.
Kumwa mankhwala kumathandizira kubwezeretsa maselo amitsempha yaubongo pambuyo povutidwa. Metformin imathandizanso kukula kwa matenda osiyanasiyana okalamba.
- Imathandizira kuti muchepetse kutupa kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamapuloteni omwe amachititsa kuti azikhala ndi matenda ashuga.
- Imakhala ndi phindu pamkhalidwe wamitsempha yamagazi ndi mtima. Chizindikiro cha kupsinjika kwa mtima ndi kukhazikika kwa atherosulinosis, kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuperewera kwa mtima minofu, kukomoka, kapena kulephera mtima. Kukonzekera kwa piritsi kumathandizira kuti asatulutse matenda a pathologies omwe amakhudzana ndi ukalamba wa mtima ndi mtima.
- Mankhwalawa amatha kupatutsa kupezeka kwa mtima wam'mimba, kukula kwake komwe kumapangitsa ntchito ya mtima.
- Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati prophylactic pakuwonetsedwa kwa matenda osokoneza bongo kapena kuwongolera chitukuko cha matenda, kuletsa kuthekera kwa zovuta zake zingapo.
- Momwe zimachepetsera chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa yokhudzana ndi khansa (kuyatsidwa ndi "metformin ndi khansa"). Mankhwala amatha kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi khansa ya prostate, chiwindi, kapamba, zotupa zam'mapapo. Nthawi zina amatchulidwa ngati gawo la mankhwala pa chemotherapy. Osati kale kwambiri, maphunziro asayansi adachitika omwe adatsimikizira kuti kutenga ma grform 0,25 okha a metformin patsiku mwezi umodzi kumatha kupondereza khansa ya colorectal.
- Zimathandizira kukonza ntchito zogonana amuna azaka zopumira.
- Ndi mankhwala ochizira matenda a mafupa komanso nyamakazi pakukula kwa matenda ashuga.
- Bwino bwino chithokomiro ntchito.
- Zimathandizira kukonza ntchito ya impso pamaso pa nephropathy.
- Zili ndi phindu pakulimbitsa thupi kwathunthu.
- Ili ndi ntchito yoteteza pokhudzana ndi chiopsezo chotenga matenda opuma.
Chifukwa chake, mankhwalawa amatha kuteteza thupi la munthu kuti lisadutse matenda angapo ndikuwonetsa zotsatira zotsutsana ndi ukalamba.
Kukonzanso mphamvu ya kumwa mankhwala
Kutsutsa-kukalamba kwa mankhwalawa kwatchulidwa posachedwa. Poyamba, mankhwalawa amapangidwa ngati mankhwala a hypoglycemic pochiza matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amadalira insulin.
Mankhwalawa adapezeka ndi asayansi aku Russia pafupifupi zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi zapitazo. Zaka zonsezi, mayesero osiyanasiyana azachipatala akhala akuchitika, omwe akuwonetsa mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa osati panthawi ya matenda ashuga okha. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zamankhwala, odwala matenda ashuga omwe adalandira njira yochizira pogwiritsa ntchito metformin hydrochloride amakhala pafupifupi kotala kuposa anthu osazindikira. Ndiye chifukwa chake, asayansi adaganiza zophunzira mankhwalawa ngati mankhwala othana ndi ukalamba.
Zaka zingapo zapitazo, kafukufuku wasayansi adachitika ku Petrov Research Institute, omwe adawonetsa kuti metformin sikuti ndimachiritso aukalamba kokha, koma chitetezo mwa mawonekedwe a khansa. Mukamamwa mankhwalawa, chiopsezo chotenga khansa chimachepa 25 mpaka 40 peresenti.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa samawonetsa izi. Mwina izi zikuchitika chifukwa choti ukalamba wa thupi la munthu umawonedwa ngati njira yabwino yamoyo, osati matenda.
Zotsatira zotsutsa kukalamba chifukwa chotenga metformin zimawonedwa monga:
- kumasulidwa kwamitsempha yamagazi kuchokera ku cholesterol plaque, omwe akuwonetsa kukalamba kwa mtima wam'magazi, motero kusintha kayendedwe ka magazi, kuthetsa chiopsezo cha thrombosis komanso kuchepetsedwa kwa lumen ya mitsempha;
- imasintha njira ya kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi, imachepetsa chilimbikitso, monga kuchepa thupi pang'ono komanso kunenepa kwambiri, kumachepetsa katundu pa ntchito ya ziwalo zonse zofunika;
- Kutha kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa glucose kuchokera m'mimba. Inde, kukalamba msanga, monga momwe amadziwira, kumathandizidwa ndi kuthekera kwa shuga komwe kumabwera kudzathandizira njira zophatikiza mapuloteni;
Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito Metformin kumathandizira kuti magazi azituluka.
Kapangidwe kazida ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito
Metformin yogwira pophika imapezeka m'mankhwala ambiri ochepetsa shuga. Malinga ndi kufotokozeredwa kwakukulu kwa mankhwalawa, ndi mankhwala othandizira omwe ali m'gulu lachitatu la m'badwo wachitatu ndipo amathandizira kutsitsa shuga m'magazi.
Kuphatikizika kwa mankhwalawa kumaphatikizapo chokhacho chokhacho chophatikizika - metformin hydrochloride, yomwe imathandizidwa ndi mankhwala othandizira osiyanasiyana.
Lero m'mafakitare mutha kugula mankhwala osiyanasiyana Mlingo wothandizirana, kutengera zosowa za wodwalayo komanso kuopsa kwa matendawa.
Wothandizira antidiabetesic amalepheretsa njira ya gluconeogeneis ndi kayendedwe ka ma elekitironi a ma kupuma a mitochondria. Glycolysis imakhudzidwa ndipo maselo amayambanso kuyamwa glucose, mayamwidwe ake ndi makoma am'mimba amachepa.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mankhwala pakalipano ndikuti sizipangitsa kuti shuga achepetse kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti metformin sichinthu chosangalatsa chobisalira insulin.
Zizindikiro zazikulu pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa zochokera pa metformin ndizotsatira malangizo ovomerezeka:
- Kukhalapo kwa metabolic syndrome kapena mawonekedwe a insulin kukana.
- Monga lamulo, pamaso pa insulin kukaniza, kunenepa kwambiri kukukulira odwala. Chifukwa cha zovuta za metformin komanso kutsatira zakudya zopatsa thanzi, kuchepa thupi pang'onopang'ono kumatheka.
- Ngati pali kuphwanya kwa kulolerana kwa shuga.
- Cleropolycystic ovary matenda amakula.
- Matenda a shuga osagwirizana ndi insulin monga monotherapy kapena gawo limodzi la chithandizo chovuta kwambiri.
- Matenda a shuga ndi njira yodalira insulin molumikizana ndi jakisoni wa insulin.
Poyerekeza mapiritsi okhala ndi metformin ndi mankhwala ena ochepetsa shuga, zabwino zazikulu za metformin ziyenera kufotokozeredwa:
- Zake pakuchepetsa kukana kwa insulin wodwala, metformin hydrochloride imatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa maselo ndi minyewa yake ku glucose opangidwa ndi pancreasꓼ
- kutenga mankhwala limodzi ndi mayamwidwe ndi ziwalo zam'mimba thirakiti. Chifukwa chake, kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa glucose m'matumbo kumatheka
- amathandizira kuletsa chiwindi gluconeogenesis, otchedwa glucose complication processꓼ
- Amathandizira kuchepetsa kulakalaka, komwe ndikofunikira makamaka kwa odwala matenda ashuga kwambiri
- imakhala ndi phindu pa kolesterol, kuchepetsa zoyipa ndi kukulira zabwinoꓼ
Kuphatikiza apo, zimathandizira kusokoneza njira ya peroxidation yamafuta.
Momwe mungamwere mankhwala?
Nthawi zambiri, wothandizira hypoglycemic wothandizila amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mawonekedwe a monotherapy kapena ngati gawo limodzi la chithandizo chokwanira kuti abwezeretse glycemia wofunikira wodwala.
Pankhaniyi, mankhwala omwe mankhwalawo amapezeka ndi okhawo omwe ndi dokotala wa odwala matenda ashuga.
Musanalembe mankhwala, kuunika thupi la wodwalayo kumachitika.
Njira yoyendetsera ndi kumwa Mlingo wakhazikitsidwa kwa wodwala aliyense payekhapayekha, kutengera magawo ake:
- Kuopsa kwa matenda ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
- Gawo lolemetsa la wodwala komanso msinkhu wake.
- Kukhalapo kwa matenda olumikizana.
Musanayambe chithandizo, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyezetsa magazi ndikuyesa kuti mupeze zoopsa zomwe zingachitike ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga lamulo, amatengedwa molingana ndi malingaliro otsatirawa:
- pakamwa mutatha kudya, kumwa zamadzi zambiriꓼ
- kuyamba ndi mankhwala kuyenera kuyamba ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kochepa ka chinthu chogwira ntchito ndipo mukhale ma milligram mazana asanu patsiku
- pakapita nthawi yayitali (kawirikawiri patatha milungu iwiri), adotolo, potengera zotsatira za mayeso ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, amapanga chisankho pakusintha kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, poganizira kuti pafupifupi tsiku lililonse mankhwala amasiyanasiyana kuchokera 500 mpaka 1000 mg a yogwira metformin hydrochloride;
- Pazakudya zotheka zomwe munthu angathe kuzigwiritsa ntchito patsiku, siziyenera kupitirira 3000 mg ya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kwa anthu achikulire chiwerengerochi ndi 1000 mg.
Mutha kumwa metformin kamodzi kapena kangapo patsiku, kutengera mtundu womwe wakhazikitsidwa. Ngati wodwala akufunika Mlingo wambiri wa mankhwalawa, ndibwino kumawagawaniza kangapo patsiku.
Kulandila kwa piritsi kukonzekera monga kupewa kukalamba, monga lamulo, kumakhala ndi gawo la 250 mg la yogwira ntchito. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti anthu opitilira 65 ali osavomerezeka kumwa mapiritsi oposa awiri patsiku. Pafupifupi Mlingo womwewo umasungidwa m'magulu amenewo a odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito metformin ngati njira yochepetsera kulemera.
Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti kudya kwa prophylactic kwa mankhwala kuyenera kutsagana ndi zakudya zoyenera - kukanidwa kwa zakudya zotsekemera, zamafuta ndi mafuta. Kuphatikiza apo, kudya tsiku lililonse sikuyenera kupitirira 2500 kilocalories. Pamodzi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi moyo wokangalika ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi.
Pakadali izi pokhapokha pakhoza kukhala zotsatira zabwino.
Zotsatira zoyipa komanso kuvulaza komwe kungachitike kuchokera ku Metformin
Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopangidwa ndi metformin hydrochloride, kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika kungayambitse kuvulaza thupi.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake azimayi athanzi omwe akufuna njira zosavuta zochepetsera thupi ayenera kuganizira ngati kuli koyenera kumwa mankhwalawa?
Piritsi imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mankhwala ochepetsa thupi. Kodi metformin ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanda matenda ashuga?
Zoyipa zazikulu zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chotenga metformin hydrochloride ndi monga:
- Kupezeka kwa mavuto osiyanasiyana ndi m'mimba thirakiti. Choyamba, izi ndi zizindikiro monga kusanza ndi kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kutulutsa m'mimba komanso kudekha pamimba.
- Mankhwalawa amawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a anorexia.
- Mwinanso kusintha kwa kulawa, komwe kumawonekera pakachitika chinthu chosasangalatsa chachitsulo cham'manja.
- Kutsika kwa kuchuluka kwa vitamini B, komwe kumakukakamizani kuti muonjezere mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
- Mawonekedwe a kuchepa magazi.
- ndi bongo wambiri, pamakhala chiwopsezo cha hypoglycemia.
- mavuto ndi khungu, ngati pali kuwonetseredwa kwa thupi lawo siligwirizana.
Pankhaniyi, Metformin, Siofor kapena mitundu ina yazinthu zopanga zimayambitsa kukula kwa lactic acidosis ngati kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwake kumachitika m'thupi. Kuwonetsera koteroko nthawi zambiri kumawonekera ndi kusayenda bwino kwa impso.
Dziwani kuti ndizoletsedwa kumwa mankhwala akazindikira zinthu izi:
- Acidosis mu pachimake kapena matendaꓼ
- kwa atsikana panthawi yakubadwa kwa mwana kapena poyamwitsaꓼ
- Odwala opuma pantchito, makamaka pambuyo makumi asanu ndi limodzi ndi zisanu
- tsankho pamagawo a mankhwalawa, chifukwa zovuta zomwe matupi ake amatha kupatsirana]
- ngati wodwala wapezeka ndi vuto la mtimaꓼ
- ndi myocardial infarctionꓼ
- ngati hypoxia ichitikaꓼ
- pakuchepa kwamadzi, komwe kumapangidwanso ndimatenda osiyanasiyana opatsirana
- ntchito yayikulu ꓼ
- kulephera kwa chiwindi.
Kuphatikiza apo, wothandizirana ndi hypoglycemic amathandizira m'mimba, motero amaletsedwa kutenga matenda am'mimba (zilonda zam'mimba).
Elena Malysheva amalankhula za Metformin palimodzi ndi akatswiri muvidiyoyi.
