Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 amakonda kudziwa jakisoni wa insulin tsiku lililonse kuti akhale ndi moyo. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulin nthawi zambiri amapezeka. Ichi ndi mahomoni ofunikira kwambiri omwe amayang'anira shuga.
Mu matenda a shuga ndi kusowa kwa insulin, chikomokere cha matenda ashuga komanso zotsatira zina zowopsa za matendawa zimayamba. Njira yokhayo yosakhalira ndi thanzi labwino ndikuphunzira kuwerengera bwino za insulini.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti palibe njira zenizeni zomwe zingatsimikizire kuchuluka kwa chinthu choyenera, chifukwa chake mankhwala osokoneza bongo amadziwika kwambiri.
Asanatenge mahomoni, dokotala yemwe amapita amawerengetsa kuchuluka kwa wodwala, kutengera maphunziro ndi zisonyezo zina, motero nthawi zina pamakhala kuchuluka kwa insulin.
Kugwira kwa insulin m'magazi
Insulin imakhudza kusunga mphamvu ndikuwonetsa kusintha kwa glucose obwera kukhala minyewa ya adipose, ndikuchita ntchito ya conduction pamene shuga alowa m'maselo a thupi. Insulin ndi chinthu chomwe chimakhudzidwa ndikupanga amino acid ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo.
Pali insulin m'thupi la munthu malinga ndi kuchuluka kwake, koma kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwake kumayambitsa zovuta zingapo za metabolic, zomwe zimakhala zowopsa.
Insulin ili ndi zotsatirapo zabwino komanso zabwino m'thupi la munthu.
- kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka mapuloteni,
- kuteteza kapangidwe ka maselo a mapuloteni,
- kuteteza amino acid mu minofu minofu, yomwe imawonjezera kukula kwawo,
- kutenga nawo gawo kapangidwe ka glycogens, zomwe zimathandizira kuti shuga isungike m'misempha.
Anthu amazindikiranso zinthu zoyipa zomwe zimachitika mthupi ngati muli ndi insulin yambiri m'magazi:
- zimathandiza kuteteza mafuta,
- Amachita bwino kuti ma cell receptor lipase atseke,
- bwino mafuta acid synthesis,
- kumawonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi
- amachepetsa kutanuka kwa makoma amitsempha yamagazi,
- zimathandizira kuti pakhale maselo owononga chotupa.
Mu nthawi yokhazikika ya seramu yamagazi, insulin imakhala kuchokera 3 mpaka 28 mcU / ml.
Kuti phunziroli likhale lothandiza, magazi ayenera kumwedwa kokha pamimba yopanda kanthu.
Zizindikiro za mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulin
Kwa munthu wathanzi, mlingo wabwino wa thupilo ndi 2-4 IU mu maola 24. Ngati tikulankhula za omanga thupi, ndiye 20 IU iyi. Kwa anthu odwala matenda a shuga, chizolowezi chake ndi 20-25 IU patsiku. Ngati dokotalayo ayamba kuledzera mopatsa mankhwala, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa mahomoniwo kumawonjezera bongo.
Zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia ndi izi:
- kusankha molakwika kwa mankhwala,
- kusintha kwa ma syringes ndi mankhwala,
- masewera osapatsa mafuta
- kudya moyenera komanso nthawi yomweyo insulin,
- kuphwanya zakudya pambuyo jekeseni (kunalibe chakudya atangochita),
Munthu aliyense amene amadalira insulin, kamodzi kamodzi m'moyo wake, anali kumva zosasangalatsa zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri. Zizindikiro zazikulu za bongo za insulin:
- kufooka kwa minofu
- ludzu
- thukuta lozizira
- miyendo yanjenjemera
- chisokonezo,
- kuchuluka kwa thambo ndi lilime.
Zizindikiro zonsezi ndizizindikiro za hypoglycemic syndrome, yomwe imakwiya chifukwa cha kuchepa msanga kwa magazi m'thupi. Yankho lofananalo ku funso la zomwe zimachitika ngati mutabaya insulin mwa munthu wathanzi.
Matendawa amafunika kuyimitsidwa mwachangu, apo ayi wodwalayo amagwa, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti atuluke.
Matenda osokoneza bongo a insulin
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo osagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku onse, omwe amatha kutsatiridwa ndi matenda a shuga, nthawi zambiri amatsogolera ku mfundo yoti Somoji syndrome imawonekera. Pazochitika izi, kupanga corticosteroids, adrenaline ndi glucagon mokulira kwakukulu kumadziwika.
Somoji syndrome ndi insulin overdose syndrome, ndiko kuti, mkhalidwe wovuta womwe umabweretsa zotsatira zosasintha ndipo umafunikira chisamaliro chapadera.
Zizindikiro zazikulu za hypoglycemia:
- kulakalaka
- matenda oopsa
- kuchuluka kwa acetone mu mkodzo,
- kuthamanga kwambiri, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga mumkodzo,
- malingaliro amunthu pa ketoacidosis,
- kuchuluka kwa shuga tsiku lonse,
- hypoglycemia zoposa nthawi 1 patsiku,
- Kulembetsa pafupipafupi kwa shuga wambiri.
Nthawi zambiri, poizoni wa insulin amakhala munthawi yayitali kwa nthawi yayitali. Koma izi nthawi zonse zimadzimva zokha. Somoji syndrome imasiyanitsidwanso ndikuti kukula kwa mkhalidwe wa hypoglycemic mwa munthu kumawonedwa pa 2-4 a.m. Zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa insulin yamadzulo.
Kuti achepetse momwe zinthu zilili, thupi liyenera kuyambitsa njira zowonjezera mphamvu. Koma, popanda kuthandizidwa mwadongosolo komanso mosasinthasintha, kufooka kwazomwe zimachitika m'thupi kumatha kuonedwa. Chifukwa chake, Somoji syndrome imatha kupha.
Insulin kwambiri mwa munthu wathanzi
Dokotala akapita kutali kwambiri ndi insulin, odwala matenda ashuga amawonetsa zina pakapita kanthawi. Ngati mukulowetsa insulin mwa munthu wathanzi, izi zimayambitsa mawonekedwe owopsa a poizoni.
Zikakhala zotere, jakisoni wa insulin amakhala ngati poyizoni, amachepetsa msanga kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Ngati munthu waledzera, ndiye kuti:
- arrhasmia,
- kukakamizidwa
- migraines
- nkhanza
- mgwirizano wolakwika
- kumva mantha akulu
- njala
- ambiri ofooka.
Ngati insulin ikulowetsedwa mwa munthu wathanzi, chithandizo chinanso chikuyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi madokotala okha. Anthu nthawi zina amafa chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo otere.
Mlingo wowopsa wambiri wa insulin ndi ma PIECES 100, ndiko kuti, syringe yonse ya insulin. Nthawi zina munthu amatha kupulumuka ngati mlingo woterowo umakhala wokwera maulendo 30. Chifukwa chake, ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mutha kukhala ndi nthawi yoyimbira dokotala musanakomoke.
Monga lamulo, chikomokere chimakula mkati mwa maola 3-4 ndipo zimatha kuimitsidwa ngati shuga alowa m'magazi.
Zotsatira ndi mawonekedwe othandizira
Pochiza matenda a shuga, pamakhala chiopsezo cha mankhwala a insulin ambiri. Potere, pofuna kupewa zotsatira zakupha, thandizo loyenerera likufunika. Ndikofunikira kudziwa zoyenera kuchita nthawi yomweyo ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri.
Kuti muwonjezere chakudya chamagulu ochulukirapo, muyenera kudya chofufumitsa cha mkate wa tirigu mpaka g 100. Mukapitiliza kuukira kwa mphindi 3-5 muyenera kuwonjezera shuga. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kumwa tiyi ndi supuni zochepa za shuga.
Ngati pambuyo pochita izi mulingo wa insulini m'magazi sizinapangidwe, mukufunikirabe kudya ma protein munthawi yomweyo. Ngakhale kuti bongo wambiri ndi chinthu wamba, ngati inu kunyalanyaza zofunika kuchita, kuwonjezeka kwa Somoji syndrome kumachitika.
Kukula kwa matendawa kumasokoneza kwambiri mankhwalawa komanso kumadzetsa matenda oopsa a diabetesic ketoacidosis.
Pankhaniyi, mungafunike kusintha mankhwalawo ndikuyamba kumwa mankhwala amphamvu.
- edema yam'mimba,
- Zizindikiro za meningitis,
- kutha msanga kwa matenda a dementia ndimavuto amisala.
Pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima, kuchuluka kwa insulini kungayambitse:
- sitiroko
- vuto la mtima
- retinal hemorrhage.
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulini ndi omwe amafunika kuyankhidwa mwachangu kuchokera kwa wodwala. Ngati ndi kotheka, muyenera kuyitanitsa gulu la ambulansi. Ngakhale hypoglycemia nthawi zonse simalowetsa kuimfa, chikhalidwe chowopsa chotere sichitha kuchepetsedwa.
Ngati wodwala ali ndi vuto, ndiye kuti muyenera kuletsa kudzera jakisoni kapena podya zakudya zopepuka. Zina mwazinthu zomwe mwalimbikitsa:
- ma lollipops
- chokoleti
- mikate yoyera
- zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi.
Malangizo popewa insulin
Kuchuluka ndi pafupipafupi kwa kayendetsedwe ka insulin kumatsimikiziridwa kokha ndi endocrinologist. Wodwala ayenera kudziwa mawonekedwe onse a jakisoni wa insulin.
Nthawi zambiri anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amadzibaya; iyi ndi njira yosavuta. Mankhwala amakono apanga ma syringes, safunikira zinthu zingapo mu syringe ndikuti alole kutsata molondola. Dinani voliyumu yomwe mukufuna pa sikelo ndikujambulira musanadye komanso mutadya, malingana ndi malangizo azachipatala.
Malamulo okonzekera insulin:
- kuchuluka kwa insulin komwe kumatengedwa mu syringe,
- tsamba la jakisoni limachiritsidwa ndi mowa,
- pambuyo pa jekeseni, simukufunika kuchotsa singano nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kudikirira masekondi 10.
M'mimba ndikuti gawo limodzi la thupi lomwe limachepera pakulimbitsa thupi, motero ndikotheka kupaka insulin mosamalitsa gawo ili la thupi. Ngati chinthucho chingaphatikizidwe ndi minyewa ya manja kapena miyendo, zotsatira zake zimakhala zoipitsitsa.
Zambiri zokhudzana ndi insulin zimaperekedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
