Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osakhazikika, amakhudza machitidwe ndi ziwalo zamkati, ndipo zimatha kuyambitsa zoopsa. Matendawa amapezeka pafupipafupi ndi ana a zaka 1 mpaka 11, makamaka chiwopsezo cha endocrine pathology mwa ana asukulu.
Ana azaka 11 amadwala matenda a shuga nthawi zambiri kuposa achikulire, koma pazaka izi matendawa amakhala ovuta kwambiri, akupita patsogolo mofulumira. Kuti muchiritse bwino mankhwala, kuzindikira kwa nthawi yake kumafunika, nthawi zambiri zimatengera chisamaliro cha mwana.
Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda athanzi; si makolo onse omwe amadziwa zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa ana azaka 11. Pakadali pano, kudziwa kumeneku kumatha kuteteza mwana ku zovuta zazikulu za matendawa ndikupulumutsa moyo wake.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa
Ana a sukulu ambiri amakhala ndi matenda a shuga 1, zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimayenderana ndi kuperewera kwa insulin. Hormoni mwina singapangidwe mwa kuchuluka kokwanira kapena kusabisidwa konse.
Chifukwa chakusowa kwachuma kwa zinthu, thupi la wodwalayo silitha kuphatikiza shuga mwachizolowezi, pachifukwa ichi zochulukirapo zimatsalira kuti zizungulira magazi. Hyperglycemia imayambitsa matenda a mtima, mtsempha wamagazi, impso, maso, khungu ndi ziwalo zina zamkati.
Amakhulupirira kuti chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa metabolic ndi chibadwa chobadwa nacho. Ngati mayi wa mwana akudwala matenda ashuga, mwayi wa matenda amwanayo ukuwonjezeka ndi 7%, bambo atadwala - ndi 9%, ngati makolo anu onse atadwala matendawa mwana adzalandira chithandizochi mu 30% yaiwo.
Ubambo wosauka sichofunikira chokhacho chodwala mwa ana; pali zinthu zina zomwe zingayambitse mavuto azaumoyo mwa mwana. Zifukwa zina ziyenera kutchedwa:
- matenda a autoimmune;
- chofooka chitetezo;
- anasamutsa tizilombo, matenda;
- kulemera kwakukulu;
- kuchuluka kwa kupsinjika kwa thupi ndi malingaliro.
Matenda a shuga amapezeka mwa odwala omwe amadya zakudya zamafuta ambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonekera kwa metabolic: mchere, chakudya, mafuta, madzi.
Zizindikiro za Matenda A shuga
Poyambirira, matendawa samadzipangitsa kumva kukhala ndi tanthauzo, zomwe zimachitika sizimawoneka. Anthu ena odwala matenda ashuga amawonetsa malaise okhawo, kuwonjezeka kwamalingaliro awo.
Makolo ambiri anganene kuti zizindikirozi ndi kutopa kuchokera kusukulu, njira zoyeserera za mwana wawo. Choopsa ndichakuti ngakhale mwana weniweniyo sangathe kufotokoza bwino za moyo wake, kuti auze zomwe zikumuchitikira. Chifukwa chake, wodwala sathamangira kudandaula za thanzi lake.
Ndi nthawi yoyambira kukonzekera kagayidwe kachakudya komwe kamakhala kotheka kulipira zabwino kwambiri, poteteza mavuto obwera mwachangu kwambiri akadali aang'ono.
Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda ashuga ali ndi zaka 11 ziyenera kutchedwa:
- thukuta kwambiri;
- magulu obisika kunjenjemera ndi m'munsi malekezero;
- kusinthasintha mosaganizira, kusokonekera, kusokonekera;
- mawonekedwe a phobias, mantha, nkhawa.
Matendawa akamakula, zizindikiro zake zimayamba kuonekera. Ziyenera kumvetsedwa nthawi yomweyo kuti shuga imapereka zizindikiro zopanda pake, sizolimba kwambiri. Ndizotheka kudziwa kuti matendawo ayandikira kwambiri. Matendawo ayandikira matenda ashuga, ndikusintha kwachangu kwa thanzi la wodwalayo.
Kuwonetsedwa kwa magawo omalizira a matendawa: ludzu lakuya kwambiri, kusokonekera pafupipafupi, njala yosalekeza, kulakalaka maswiti, kuchepa kwa mawonekedwe am'maso, kuyabwa kwa khungu, kuchiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Mwana amatha kumwa mpaka malita awiri amadzi patsiku, pomwe amafunitsitsa kupita kuchimbudzi. Usiku, amadzuka kangapo kuti adzilimbikitse;
Mavuto azaumoyo amatha kukayikiridwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa chikhumbo, chomwe chimafotokozedwa ndi chikhumbo chofuna kudya. Nthawi yomweyo, kulemera kwa wodwalayo kumachepetsedwa, m'miyezi ingapo amatha kutaya 10 kg.
Wodwalayo amalakalaka kudya zakudya zamafuta ndi maswiti, khungu lake lonse:
- kuyaka
- kuswa;
- khalani bwino.
Atsikana nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi candidiasis (thrush), ngakhale athana ndi ana, chiwindi chimawonjezeka, izi zimawonekera ngakhale ndi pakhungu.
Pakakhala kukayikira kwa matenda ashuga, muyenera kulumikizana ndi katswiri wa zamankhwala, dokotala wa ana kapena endocrinologist, kupereka mayeso ofunikira, pitani pakuwona. Ndikofunikira kuti musaphonye nthawi yomwe matendawa sanayambe kudwala, sanawononge thupi la wodwalayo. Potere, chithandizo chithandizira kusinthasintha kwachangu, kupumula kwamavuto.
Ngati zizindikirozi sizikupezeka, matendawa atapitilira, chiwopsezo cha matenda a hypoglycemic chikuwonjezeka, pomwe glucose imatsikira pamlingo wosavomerezeka. Kuphwanya thanzi kumeneku ndi kowopsa pamoyo wa mwana, kumatha kupha.
Njira yayikulu ya hypoglycemia imafuna kuchipatala chofulumira kwambiri kuchipatala, mwina pangafunike kumuyika wodwala kuchipinda chothandizira kwambiri.
Zizindikiro zikuwonetsa kuwukira kwa hypoglycemia:
- kugwa mwachangu kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi;
- cham'manja ndi miyendo, ludzu lalikulu;
- kusanza, nseru;
- kutsegula m'mimba, kupweteka kwam'mimba;
- kuyanika kwambiri pakhungu, mucous nembanemba.
Popanda kutenga nawo mbali dokotala, wodwala matenda ashuga samayiwala, zimamuvuta kuti amuchotsere.
Pozindikira matendawa mu ana 11 azaka 11, mwayi wofanana ndi matenda ndi zovuta zimachuluka. Zimafunikira kuti ziziwonetsa padera kuti kusintha komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi shuga wambiri kumakhala kosasinthika nthawi zonse.
Sizoletsedwa kulola zovuta zoyambitsa mavuto a carbohydrate metabolism, kuwonjezera kwa matenda ochulukitsa.
Njira zochizira
Si chinsinsi kuti matenda ashuga ndi matenda osachiritsika, omwe amathandiza munthu kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa moyo wonse. Kwa ana, maphunziro a insulin amathandizidwa, izi zimathandizira kuti glycemia ikhale bwino, athandizire kuyamwa kwa shuga ndi thupi.
Ndikofunikira kuchitira matendawa ndimankhwala osokoneza bongo osakhalitsa komanso osakhalitsa, amathandizidwa ndi mafuta owonjezera kawiri patsiku mphindi 15 asanadye. Mlingo wa timadzi timene timasankhidwa payekhapayekha; pafupifupi, amachokera kumagawo 20 mpaka 40 a zinthu.
Pokhala ndi kusakhazikika kwa chaka chimodzi, amafunikira kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka koyamba kwa mankhwalawa, ndi adokotala okha omwe amachita; ndizowopsa kusintha nokha. Kusintha kosavomerezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa insulin kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zomvetsa chisoni komanso zovuta.
Chinthu china chofunikira kwambiri pothandizira matenda a carbohydrate metabolism mwa odwala azaka 11 ndi kudya moyenera. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti:
- zosaposa 400 g zamankhwala omwe amadya patsiku;
- chakudya chopatsa mphamvu sichimachotsedwa kwathunthu.
Matenda a shuga amaphatikizanso kukanidwa kwa mkate ndi kuphika kofananako kuchokera ku ufa wopanda tirigu, mbatata, mpunga wopukutidwa, pasitala ya mitundu yofewa ya tirigu, maswiti. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kuti musamapatse zakumwa zotsekemera za anthu odwala matenda ashuga, misuzi ya zipatso za mafakitale.
Matendawa akamathandiza kudya zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano, mitundu ya zipatso yopanda zipatso, maapulo wowawasa, zipatso za zipatso. Mphesa, nthochi, ma apricots ndi mapichesi amaletsedwa.
Zosankha zake zimaphatikizapo mbewu monga chimanga:
- chimanga;
- oatmeal;
- bulwheat.
Kutali ndi wodwala, lakuthwa, zonunkhira, zamafuta ambiri ndi mafuta amachotsedwa, makamaka ngati amazisenda ndi mafuta amisuzi, mayonesi. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ziyenera kukhala zazakudya, nthawi zina thanzi limodzi limakhala lokwanira kuthana ndi matenda popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
Mwana wophwanya chakudya cha carbohydrate metabolism sayenera kufa ndi njala, akuwonetsedwa kuti azidya chakudya kangapo ka 5-6 patsiku, chakudya chimatengedwa m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, nthawi zambiri. Makamaka, odwala amapatsidwa zakudya zisanu ndi chimodzi patsiku, zimaphatikizapo chakudya cham'mawa cham'mawa, nkhomaliro, nkhomaliro, chakudya chamadzulo masana, chakudya chamadzulo komanso chakudya chamadzulo asanagone usiku.
Ndikothekanso kusungitsa zofunikira za glycemic chifukwa chamasewera olimbitsa thupi, panthawi yolimbitsa thupi limatenga glucose bwino, kutsika kwake m'magazi kumachitika.
Makolo ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi odwala matenda ashuga kuyenera kukhala kopitilira muyeso, apo ayi mwana sangasangalale, kuthetsa mphamvu kwa wodwalayo. Pokhapokha ngati zolimbitsa zolimbitsa thupi zimachitika:
- kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi;
- kulimbitsa thupi.
Udindo waukulu umaperekedwa kwa moyo wonse wa ana; ngati kuli koyenera, thandizo la m'maganizo lomwe limakhalapo panthawi yake liyenera kukanidwa. Ana ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndizovuta kwambiri kuzolowera kusintha moyo, kudya, amatha kuvutika ndi nkhawa, makamaka akamalankhulana ndi anzawo popanda mavuto ali ndi zaka 11.
Momwe mungathandizire mwana?
Muyenera kuzolowera kuti pakufunika kusiya zakudya zomwe mukudziwa, jekeseni insulin. Izi, zimadzetsa mavuto ena, kukulira kwa zovuta zomwe zimalepheretsa wodwalayo kukhala ndi moyo wonse, kulumikizana ndi abwenzi, kupanga anzawo atsopano.
Sukulu zapadera za matenda ashuga zimatha kuthandiza mwana wodwala kuti azolowere kusintha zinthu zina; ambiri a iwo atsegulidwa m'mizinda ikuluikulu komanso m'malo apamwamba. M'magawo ngati amenewa, madokotala ndi akatswiri amisala amayendetsa makalasi, onse ndi ana komanso makolo awo. Muzochitikazi, mutha kuphunzira zambiri zokhudzana ndi matendawa, kudziwana ndi ana omwe ali ndi zovuta zofanana zaumoyo.
Kuzindikira koteroko ndikofunika kwambiri, kumathandiza wodwalayo kumvetsetsa kuti sakhala yekha ndi matenda ake, makolo amvetsetsa kuti ndi metabolic pathology munthu akhoza kukhala ndi moyo wautali komanso wathunthu.
Malangizo a ana ndi makolo ndi osavuta, muyenera:
- tengani matendawa mozama;
- komanso osavomera ngati chiganizo.
Kodi matenda ashuga angachiritsidwe? Pakadali pano, ndizosatheka kuchiritsa matendawa kwathunthu, koma malinga ndi kuwongolera bwino komanso zakudya pazaka 11, zimayendetsedwa mwachangu.
Ngati wina m'banjamo ali kale ndi matenda ashuga, pamakhala kuwunikira nthawi ndi nthawi kuti mupeze mwana kuti adwale matendawa.
Katswiriyu ayankhula za zomwe zimachitika mu shuga munkhaniyi.
