Zolemba nthawi zambiri zimafunsa ngati zalembedwa m'gulu lankhondo ndi kapamba.
Ngakhale kuti matendawa amadziwika ndi kutupa kwa kapamba ndipo amafunikira chithandizo chanthawi zonse, sikuti munthu sangachite nawo nkhondo.
Chikalata chodziwika bwino cha "Matenda a Matenda" (Chaputala 59) chimafotokoza kuyenera kwa wachinyamata pantchito yankhondo, kutengera mtundu ndi kuopsa kwa matenda.
Chidule cha Pancreatitis
Pancreatitis imaphatikiza zovuta za matenda ndi ma syndromes momwe mumakhala kuphwanya kwa exocrine pancreatic function.
Nthawi zambiri, imapanga ma enzymes apadera (amylase, proteinase, lipase), ofunikira pakugaya chakudya. Pokhala mu chiwalocho palokha, sichingagwire ntchito, koma chikalowa zilonda 12 zam'mimba, madzi a kapamba amayamba.
Ndi matenda awa, michere yamagaya imayikidwa mu kapamba ndikuyamba kuwongolera. Zotsatira zake ndikuwonongeka kwa parenchyma ndi kusintha kwake ndi minofu yolumikizana. Njira yotalikira ya matendawa imadzetsa kuphwanya kwamtundu wakunja ndi mkati mwa thupilo.
Zoyambitsa zazikulu za kapamba ndiz:
- uchidakwa;
- kudya pafupipafupi zakudya zamafuta ndi zamafuta;
- matenda a ndulu;
- kudya kwambiri pambuyo panjala kapena kudya zakudya zochepa;
- kusalinganika kwa mahomoni pakapita nthawi, kusiya kusamba, kutenga njira zakulera za pakamwa.
Nthawi zambiri zotakasika, kapena yachiwiri kapamba zimachitika motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda ena. Anthu omwe ali ndi gastritis, matenda am'matumbo, matenda a chiwindi, hepatitis osachiritsika, ndi dyskinesia ya m'matumbo am'mimba ali pachiwopsezo.
Zizindikiro zazikuluzikulu za matendawa zimaphatikizira kupweteka kumanzere kwa hypochondrium, kuchepa mphamvu kwa ntchito, malaise, kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba, kusokonekera kwamtulo (ndi kuphatikizika kwa tinthu tosiyanasiyana ndi mafuta), kusisita pakhungu, kuchuluka thukuta.
Pali osiyana magawo matenda, mwachitsanzo, chikhalidwe cha maphunzirowa chimafunikira magawidwe a pachimake, pachimake, matenda komanso kukokomeza matenda kapamba.
Mtundu wamtundu wa matenda amadziwika ndi zizindikiro zofatsa.
Nthendayi, chifuwa chachikulu chimagawika pawiri (motsutsana ndi kusokonezeka kwa ntchito ya m'mimba thirakiti) ndi parenchymal (kuwonongeka kwa gawo la parenchyma kokha).
Pancreatitis chifukwa chamkati
Chaputala 59, "Dongosolo la Matenda," imalongosola mitundu yamatenda a kapamba omwe angatumikire m'gulu lankhondo. Zimatengera momwe kapamba amakhudzira, ndipo kufalikira kwa matendawa kumachitika nthawi zambiri.
Chikalata chowongolera ichi chili ndi mfundo zingapo zokhudza kapamba:
- Ndi kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa ntchito ya endocrine (kupanga insulin ndi glucagon) ndi exocrine ntchito (kupanga michere - amylase, lipase, proteinase).
- Ndi vuto laling'ono la kubisala kwakunja ndi mkati kwamkati. Kuchitika mwachangu.
- Ndi kuphwanya kwazing'ono kwa gland, komwe mapangidwe a malo a necrotic sakhala khalidwe.
Chilichonse chimafanana ndi magulu ena (D, C, B, D) omwe amawona kuyenerera kwa amuna ogwira ntchito mu Gulu Lankhondo la Russia. Chifukwa chake, mutha kudziwa mwayi wanu pasadakhale ndikuwonetsetsa kuti matenda anu alipo komanso zomwe zili mu chaputala 59.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mfundo za chikalata chowongolera zitha kusintha. Ngakhale pazomwe zalembedwa mu 2017, zambiri za 2014 zidakali zothandiza.
Kuyenera kutumikiridwa kumatsimikiziridwa ndi madotolo okulembetsa asitikali omwe amayang'ana ngati alipo omwe alembedwa ndi "Dongosolo la Matenda". Mndandandandawo wa matenda umachepetsa kapena kupatula kwathunthu kuthekera kokugwira ntchito yankhondo.
Matenda owopsa
Tebulo ili m'munsiyi likuthandizani kudziwa tanthauzo lililonse m'gawo la chaputala 59.
| Gululi | mafotokozedwe |
| D (kumasulidwa ku ntchito) | Diagnosis: pachimake kupezekanso kwa kapamba. Vuto lomwe limagwira mu chithokomiro limayendera limodzi ndi kutopa, mtundu wa 2 shuga, matenda am'mimba, kapamba kapena hypovitaminosis. Gulu D limayikidwa pancreatectomy (kuchotsa ziwalo) ndi kukhalapo kwa pancreatic fistula. Mnyamatayo amalandira "tikiti yoyera", yomwe imatsimikizira kusayenerera kwake. |
| B (choletsa ntchito) | Diagnosis: chifuwa chachikulu chokhala ndi chiwopsezo chowonjezera nthawi zambiri kuposa nthawi ziwiri m'miyezi 12, ndi kufooka kwa ziwalo. Mwamuna amapulumutsidwa munthawi yamtendere, koma amadziwika kuti ndi malo osungirako. Amatha kugwira ntchito panthawi yankhondoyi. |
| B (ntchito ndi zoletsa zina) | Diagnosis: mtundu wa kapamba ndimakomoka osaposera 2 m'miyezi 12, ndikusagwira ntchito mwachinsinsi. Kulembako ndikuloledwa. Zoletsedwazo zimagwira ntchito pamalire okha, ankhondo oyenda pandege, maulendo apamtunda, komanso ntchito yama tanki ndi ma sitima apamadzi. |
| G (kumasulidwa kwakanthawi) | Kukonzekera kuyenera kuchitika pakanthawi kovomerezeka ndikupita kuchipatala kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. |
Funso limakhalabe ngati adalembedwa usilikali m'ndende. Kupezeka kwamatenda amtunduwu kumapangitsa zina:
- Kulephera kutumikiridwa pamgwirizano, ngakhale kuopsa kwa kapamba.
- Kulephera kuphunzira ku mayunivesite pomwe wachinyamata ali ndi mtundu wa matenda.
- Kulephera kutumikira ku FSB, GRU ndi Unduna wa Zadzidzidzi. Komabe, ngati mkhalidwe ukupita bwino, kuyenera kwa mwamunayo kungaganiziridwe.
Zolemba zotsimikizira matendawa
Kuti mulandire gulu "D" kapena "B" ndikulandila usilikali, muyenera kukonzekera zikalata.
Ayenera kutsimikizira kuti ali ndi vuto la kapamba, komanso ali ndi chidziwitso pakugwira ntchito kwa thupilo, kuuma kwa matendawa, pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwake pakalipano.
Kuti muchotsedwe ntchito yankhondo ndikofunikira kuyimba:
- Zolemba zenizeni zamankhwala zokhala ndi masampu ndi ma siginecha (kapena makope otsimikizika).
- Zofunsira kuchokera kwa gastroenterologist.
- Ziganizo pazokhudza thanzi la abambo pakadali pano, komanso mbiri yachipatala. Zolemba zoterezi zitha kutengedwera ku chipatala komwe amakhala.
- Zotsatira za labotale ndi zida zothandizira (ultrasound, CT, MRI, radiography, etc.).
- Zambiri pokhudzana ndi mankhwala a inpatient mu dipatimenti yopanga opaleshoni kapena gastroenterology, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuwopsa kwa kapamba.
Pofuna kupereka zigawo zokwanira, koma ndi zizindikiro zina, zotsatira zoyesedwa ndi lingaliro la katswiri, zolembazo zimapatsidwa gulu "G". Kwa miyezi 6 adayang'aniridwa kuti apitilize kuyesedwa.
Kuyenera kudziwidwa kuti ngati apezeka pancreatitis pantchito yankhondo, msirikali amalandila chopondera kwakanthawi kapenanso komisheni.
Njira zoterezi ndizoyenera, chifukwa pancreatitis ndi njira yayikulu yomwe imayambitsa zovuta zambiri - pancreatic necrosis, shuga mellitus, chifuwa cha chithokomiro, cholecystitis, gastroduodenitis, jaundice woletsa, kuledzera kwambiri, mapangidwe a cyst ngakhale kufa.
Kuphatikizika kwa malingaliro monga asirikali ndi kapamba kumakambidwa ndi katswiri mu kanema munkhaniyi.
