Pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso, adotolo samangotengera kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira am'magazi ndi maselo oyera, komanso cholesterol yonse. Mafuta ngati awa amathandizira gawo lolimbikitsa kwambiri kumankhwala am' cell, kumawonjezera kukana kwa thupi ma virus ndi mabakiteriya.
Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumatulutsa chiwindi, matumbo ndi ziwalo zina zamkati. Munthu amalandila zochepa ndi chakudya. Kuti matenda asinthe, ndikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira zakudya zapadera. Ngati izi sizithandiza, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kukuwonetsedwa.
Kuphatikiza pa kugwirizanitsa, chinthu chokhala ngati mafuta ndichofunikira pakupanga mahomoni achikazi ndi amuna, komanso kutsimikizira kwa kuchuluka kwa maselo a khungu. Amathandizanso pakupanga ma bile acids, amathandizanso kugwira ntchito m'mimba.
Cholesterol imayenda ndi mapuloteni apadera, kutengera izi, magulu atatu azinthu amadziwika. Ma lipoproteins otsika kwambiri (LDL) ndi owopsa, amawatulutsa kudzera mu ziwonetsero zamagazi ndikuyambitsa kupangika kwa malo a atherosranceotic pamakhoma a mitsempha yamagazi ndi mitsempha.
Kuwonjezeka kwa chizindikiro cha cholesterol choyipa kumayambitsa matenda akulu a mtima, ndikuwopseza ndi matenda:
- sitiroko;
- vuto la mtima;
- ischemia;
- angina pectoris.
Ndi ma pathologies awa, cholesterol imafika pamtunda wa 7.7 ndi 7.8 mmol / l.
Cholesterol 7 ndi pamwamba chikakhazikika, ndizowonjezera zomwe zimachitika. Vutoli liyenera kufunidwa pakulakwitsa kwa thupi. Ndikosatheka kukwaniritsa mulingo woterewu wokhala ndi zakudya zosayenera.Chlesterol kuyambira 7 mpaka 8 ndi chizindikiro choopsa.
Ma high density lipoproteins (HDL) nawonso amatalikirana, amatchedwa cholesterol yabwino. Thupi limawonetsedwa zowonongeka m'mayikidwe amtundu wa atherosulinotic, limabweza cholesterol yoyipa m'chiwindi, ndikuyigwira.
Pali ma lipoproteins ochepera kwambiri (VLDL), ali ndi triglycerides yochuluka kwambiri komanso cholesterol. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chinthuchi, kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa lipid metabolism kumapezeka, limodzi ndi matenda a mtima.
Zimayambitsa High Cholesterol
Chofunikira pa cholesterol yayikulu imawonedwa ngati chibadwa. Ndi vuto lakubadwa kotero, mulingo wa chinthu chonga mafuta umafika pa 7.6-7.9, mosasamala kanthu kuti mwamunayo kapena wamwamuna ndi wamkulu bwanji. Malingaliro a zaka zilizonse amatha kupezeka patebulo.
Chifukwa china chidzakhala kuperewera kwa vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya, zomwe zimakhala ndi nyama ndi mafuta ambiri. Nthawi zina, kudya komwe kumayambitsa matenda a cholesterol kumapangitsa kuti matenda asamavutike.
Chifukwa china ndi moyo wolakwika, ntchito yokhala chabe. Popanda kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, minofu yamtima imadzaza ndi mafuta, momwe amagwirira ntchito amasokonekera. Kutseguka kwa magazi koonjezera kumathandizira kuti maonekedwe a zipupa azikhoma pamitsempha yamagazi.
Mndandanda wazomwe zimayambitsa cholesterol yayikulu umaphatikizapo kunenepa kwambiri. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi kulemera kwakukulu amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso, popeza katundu pamtima amawonjezeka, myocardium imagwira ntchito kuvala, minofu imafooka.
Zotsatira zamatenda am'magazi, kugunda kwamtima koyambirira, minyewa imachitika. Mwanjira iyi, pafupifupi lipid index imachokera ku mfundo 7 mpaka 8.
Zizolowezi zoipa zimayeneranso kukhala ndi zizolowezi zoipa; kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa kumapangitsa kuti pakhale maselo ambiri a cholesterol.
Mothandizidwa ndi matenda a shuga mellitus, matenda a chiwindi, kusachita bwino kwa dongosolo la endocrine, cholesterol imachokera ku 7.2-7.3 mpaka 7.4-7.5 mmol / l. Kuti mutsimikizire za matendawa, akuwonetsa kuti akudziwitsani, amatsimikizira kapena amakana mantha.
Wodwala adzafunika kupereka magazi kuti afufuze, pali malamulo angapo ochita mayeso. Masiku atatu asanafike panjira amakana chakudya chamafuta nyama, tikukamba izi:
- batala;
- wowawasa zonona;
- mafuta;
- ankasuta nyama.
Nthawi yotsiriza iwo samadya pasanathe maola 12 asanakwane zosonkhanitsa zachilengedwe. Ndikofunika kwambiri kumwa madzi oyera oyera osagwiritsa ntchito gasi musanachitike. Kupereka magazi kuyenera kukhala theka loyamba la tsiku, makamaka m'mawa.
Kutsatira malangizowo, palibe kukayikira pankhani ya kulondola kwa zomwe mwapeza. Komabe, ngati mungazindikire zotsatira za 7 kapena kupitilira apo, muyenera kupitilira phunzirolo kamodzi.
Ngati mayeserowa mobwerezabwereza atsimikizira zotsatirazi, nthawi yomweyo amayamba kulandira chithandizo.
Kodi kuchuluka kwa lipoproteins ndi chiyani?
Pamene kusanthula kwawonetsa mfundo 7, wodwalayo amayamba kuda nkhawa ndi izi, sakudziwa momwe matendawo azidzakhalira. Dokotala nthawi zambiri amafotokoza chithandizo payekha, poyang'ana zomwe zimayambitsa kuphwanya.
Zotsatira zakunyalanyaza matendawa ndi matenda a impso, matumbo, mtima wamatumbo, zochitika za atherosulinotic m'malo osiyanasiyana amitsempha ndi mitsempha.
Zotsatira zilizonse ndizobera, njira zonse zokhudzana ndi kuphatikiza kwa lipoproteins yochepa ndizofunikira mwachangu. Ngakhale mazana a chizindikiro cha chinthu amatengedwa, mwachitsanzo, 7.20, 7.25, 7.35 mmol / L.
Mankhwala ndi chakudya chamagulu amathandizidwa kuti muchepetse cholesterol.
Ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, nkhondo yolimbana ndi chinthu chochepa mphamvu imaperekedwa ndi mankhwalawa:
- ma statins
- mafupa;
- cholesterol mayamwidwe zoletsa.
Atorvastatin, mapiritsi a Lovastatin adayamba kukhala ma statins. Amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo yoletsa ma enzymes apadera omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale cholesterol. Zotsatira zake, pambuyo pa chithandizo, mankhwalawa a lipoprotein amatsika bwino, wodwalayo amamva bwino.
Dziwani kuti kukhala ndi pakati ndikolepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Ponena za milingo, amasankhidwa payekha.
Mitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi gemfibrozil, fenofibrat. Mankhwalawa amangokhala okha, monga ma statins, koma ndi oyenera kupewereranso. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafupa okhala ndi zopatuka zazing'ono kuchokera ku mulingo wabwinobwino wamagazi ndi koyenera.
Cholesterol mayamwidwe zoletsa Cholestyramine, Colextran amathandizira kukonza okwanira ndi otsika-kachulukidwe mafuta ngati zinthu. Samagwiritsidwa ntchito pawokha, amalimbikitsidwa ngati gawo la zovuta mankhwala pamodzi ndi ma statins kapena ma fibrate.
Zoletsa zomwe zikuchitika ndizosiyana pang'ono ndi mankhwala omwe ali pamwambapa, sizimaletsa ma enzyme, koma mwamphamvu siyani kuyamwa kwa mafuta. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma inhibitors ndizotheka ndi cholesterol yosaposa 7.4 mmol / L. Pambiri, kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumachepetsedwa kangapo.
Njira zina zochepetsera cholesterol zimathandizira kuonjezera mphamvu ya maphunziro. Mutha kupanga zithandizo zozimira mankhwala anu nokha kunyumba.
Chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi kukwera kwalongosoledwa m'vidiyoyi munkhaniyi.
