Shuga m'magazi amatchedwa glucose, omwe amapezeka m'magazi a anthu, ndipo amazungulira m'mitsempha yamagazi. Kuyesedwa kwa shuga kumakupatsani mwayi wofufuza kuti uwonjezere shuga m'magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu, komanso mukatha kudya.
Glucose amalowa m'magazi kudzera mu m'mimba ndi chiwindi, kenako kudzera m'magazi limafalikira thupi lonse, chifukwa chomwe minofu yofewa "imayatsidwa" ndi mphamvu kuti igwire ntchito bwino.
Kuti mumwe shuga pamaselo a cellular, mumafunikira timadzi timene timatulutsa timaselo ta kapamba ndipo timatchedwa insulin. Glucose ndimadontho a shuga mthupi la munthu.
Nthawi zambiri, zimatha kusinthasintha, koma sizidutsa malire ovomerezeka. Kuchulukaku kumawonedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, koma chakudya chikatha, shuga, ndiye kuti, mulingo wake, umachuluka.
Ngati thupi la munthu ligwira ntchito mokwanira, lilibe matenda ashuga, ndipo njira za metabolic zimagwira ntchito bwino, ndiye kuti magazi a m'magazi amakwera pang'ono, ndipo patapita maola ochepa amabwerera kumalire ena.
Iyenera kuganiziridwa kuti kodi shuga mumagazi ndi chiyani, ndipo ndi kupatuka kotani kumene kungakhale? Zikutanthauza chiyani ngati shuga m'magazi ndi magawo 3-3.8?
Kuwerengedwa kwamagulu a shuga
Mwa munthu wathanzi lathunthu, shuga amachokera ku magawo 3.8 mpaka 5.3. Mwambiri, nthawi zambiri amakhala magawo a 4.3-4,5 pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kudya, ndipo izi ndizabwinobwino.
Munthu akadya zakudya za shuga ndi zakudya zina zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri osavuta, glucose amatha kuchuluka mpaka magawo 6 mpaka 7, komabe, m'mphindi zochepa zokha, zisonyezo zimatsalanso pazovomerezeka.
Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, shuga m'thupi la mayunitsi 7-8 maola ochepa chakudya chikadakhala bwino, mutha kunena kuti ndibwino. Shuga m'thupi mpaka magawo 10 pankhaniyi ndi zovomerezeka.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti malamulo azachipatala a shuga m'thupi la odwala matenda ashuga achulukitsidwa. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti odwala azikhala ndi shuga m'magawo a 6,6 mayunitsi.
Ndipo izi nzotheka, ngati mumadya moyenera, osafunsa zakudya zomwe zili ndi mafuta ambiri osavuta. Izi zimathandizira kuchepetsa kupezeka kwamatenda a shuga ambiri.
Zizindikiro ziti zomwe zimawonetsedwa kuti ndizofala malinga ndi ma canon azachipatala (miyezo yoyenera ya munthu wathanzi):
- Nthawi ya m'mawa musanadye chakudya cham'mawa kuyambira magawo 3,8 mpaka 5.
- Maola ochepa mutatha kudya, osaposa ma 5.5 mayunitsi.
- Zotsatira za hemoglobin ya glycated sizoposa 5.4%.
Gome ili likugwira ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kulolera kwa glucose. Ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti ali ndi vuto losiyanako pang'ono:
- Asanadye chakudya cham'mawa kuyambira magawo 5 mpaka 7.3.
- Maola ochepa mutatha kudya - pansipa magawo khumi.
- Glycated hemoglobin imachokera ku 6.5 mpaka 7%.
Kotero kuti musanene, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuwongoleredwa ndi zikhalidwe makamaka kwa munthu wathanzi. Chifukwa chiyani Chowonadi ndi chakuti zovuta zamtunduwu zimayamba chifukwa cha glucose, yemwe amapitilira malingaliro amitundu 7.
Zachidziwikire, sizikupita patsogolo kwenikweni poyerekeza ndi mitengo yapamwamba. Ngati wodwala matenda ashuga azichita bwino posungitsa shuga mkati mwa thanzi labwinobwino la munthu, chiopsezo cha kufa chifukwa cha zovuta za shuga chimachepetsa.
Zomwe muyenera kudziwa pankhani ya shuga:
- Zizindikiro zachilendo ndizofanana kwa onse, kwa ana ndi akulu omwe onse ogonana.
- Muyenera nthawi zonse kuwongolera shuga, ndipo zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi zochepa zamagalimoto zimathandiza pamenepa.
- Panthawi ya bere, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyesere mayeso a glucose.
- Pambuyo pazaka 40, muyenera kukayezetsa shuga katatu pachaka.
Zochita zimawonetsa kuti zakudya zama carb zotsika mtengo ndizoyendetsa bwino shuga, ndipo zimapereka zotsatira pambuyo masiku ochepa.
Glucose imapangidwa modabwitsa, ndipo mlingo wa insulin umachepetsedwa kangapo.
Mkhalidwe wa shuga ndi matenda ashuga
Nthawi zambiri munthu akakhala ndi vuto logwiritsa ntchito shuga, amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri. Nthawi zambiri, matendawo samachitika nthawi yomweyo, amadziwika ndi pang'onopang'ono.
Choyamba, pali mkhalidwe monga prediabetes, nthawi yomwe imasiyana zaka ziwiri mpaka zitatu. Wodwala akapanda kulandira chithandizo chokwanira, amasinthidwa kukhala mtundu wa shuga wambiri.
Mfundo zotsatirazi ndi njira zodziwira mtundu wa prediabetesic: pamimba yopanda kanthu, shuga amasiyana magawo 5.5 mpaka 7; mtengo wa hemoglobin wa glycated kuchokera 5.7 mpaka 6.6%; shuga pambuyo chakudya (pambuyo 1 or 2 maola) kuchokera 7.8 mpaka 11 mayunitsi.
Matenda a shuga ndi vuto la metabolic m'thupi la munthu. Ndipo izi zikuwonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu kwa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2. Kuphatikiza pa izi, zovuta zingapo m'thupi zikupanga kale, impso, miyendo, komanso malingaliro owoneka.
Kuzindikira matenda a shuga 2:
- Glucose pamimba yopanda kanthu imaposa mayunitsi 7. Pankhaniyi, kuwunika kawiri kosiyanasiyana kunachitika ndikufalikira kwa masiku angapo.
- Panali nthawi yomwe shuga yamagazi idalumphira magawo 11, ndipo dontho ili silinali lodalira chakudya.
- Kuwerenga kwa glycated hemoglobin kuchokera ku 6.5%.
- Chiyeso chololera chinawonetsa shuga kuposa mayunitsi 11.
Ndi zizindikiro zotere, wodwalayo amadandaula kuti akunjenjemera, amakhala ndi ludzu nthawi zonse, amakhala akumwa kangapo. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti mosavomerezeka amachepetsa thupi, motsutsana ndi maziko akuti zakudya zimakhalabe chimodzimodzi.
Izi ndi zinthu zomwe zingayambitse matenda a shuga 2:
- Kunenepa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri.
- Matenda oopsa.
- Cholesterol yayikulu.
- Polycystic ovary mwa akazi.
- Achibale apafupi amakhala ndi matenda ashuga.
Dziwani kuti azimayi omwe panthawi yobereka mwana amapeza oposa ma kilogalamu 17 amagwera m'gulu lachiwopsezo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amabereka mwana wolemera oposa kilogalamu 4.5.
Ngati munthu ali ndi chinthu chimodzi, ndiye kuyambira zaka 40, ndikofunikira kuti ayesedwe shuga pafupi katatu pachaka.
Magazi a shuga 7: zikutanthauza chiyani?
Mndandanda wa shuga wama unit 7 umakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose mthupi, ndipo nthawi zambiri chimayambitsa matenda "okoma". Koma pakhoza kukhalanso zina zomwe zidapangitsa kuti ziwonjezeke: kudya kwa mankhwala ena, kupsinjika kwambiri, kugwira ntchito kwaimpso, komanso matenda a matenda opatsirana.
Mankhwala ambiri amabweretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Monga lamulo, awa ndi mapiritsi a diuretic, corticosteroids, beta-blockers, antidepressants. Lembetsani mankhwala onse omwe amachulukitsa glucose, sikuti ndi enieni.
Chifukwa chake, ngati dokotala akuvomereza kuti mupeze mankhwala, ndiye kuti muyenera kufunsa kuti zakhudza bwanji shuga.
Nthawi zambiri, matenda a hyperglycemic samayambitsa zizindikiro zazikulu, bola ngati glucose imakwera pang'ono. Komabe, atakhala ndi vuto lalikulu la hyperglycemia, wodwalayo amatha kukumbukira ndipo amagwa.
Zizindikiro zodziwika za shuga:
- Kumva ludzu pafupipafupi.
- Khungu lowuma komanso zimagwira pakhungu.
- Kuchulukana mobwerezabwereza.
- Kuwona koperewera.
- Khungu loyera.
- Kusokonezeka kwa kugona, kuchepa thupi.
- Zilonda ndi mabala sizichiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Ngati ketoacidosis imawonekeranso motsutsana ndi maziko a dziko la hypoglycemic, chithunzi cha chipatala chimathandizidwa ndi kupuma pafupipafupi komanso kwakuya, kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera pamlomo wamkamwa, komanso kuvutikira kwa malingaliro.
Ngati mumanyalanyaza kuchuluka kwa shuga, izi zimakupatsani zovuta komanso zovuta za shuga. Ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri mu 5-10% ya milandu ndizomwe zimapangitsa odwala kufa.
Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi kumaphwanya mapangidwe amitsempha yamagazi, chifukwa amayamba kuuma kwambiri ndikukhazikika. Kwa zaka zambiri, izi zimadzetsa zovuta zingapo: kulephera kwamtundu ndi impso, kusiyiratu kuwona, mtima wamatumbo.
Dziwani kuti kukwera kwa glucose, kumachitika msanga komanso zovuta kwambiri zimayamba.
Glucose wamtengo wochepera 3: amatanthauza chiyani?
Muzochita zamankhwala, shuga wochepa m'thupi amatchedwa hypoglycemic state. Nthawi zambiri mkhalidwe wam'magazi umadziwika ngati shuga m'thupi imagwera pansi pazigawo za 3.1-3.3.
M'malo mwake, kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi kuchokera pazokwera mpaka zotsika kwambiri kungawonedwe osati motsutsana ndi maziko a shuga mellitus, komanso matenda ena.
Pankhaniyi, zizindikilo za shuga wochepa zimatengera momwe zimatsikira kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati glucose m'thupi ndi pafupifupi magawo 10, wodwalayo adadziwonetsa yekha mahomoni, koma kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawo sikunawerengeredwe molondola, ndipo shuga adatsikira ku magawo 4, ndiye kuti hypoglycemia ndiye chifukwa cha kuchepa msanga.
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga achepetse:
- Mlingo wolakwika wa mankhwala kapena insulin.
- Chakudya chocheperako, chodumphira zakudya.
- Ntchito zolimbitsa thupi.
- Matenda aimpso kulephera.
- M'malo mwake munamwa mankhwala ena.
- Kumwa mowa.
Shuga imatha kuchepetsedwa ngati wodwalayo amagwiritsa ntchito njira zina kuti zitsike. Mwachitsanzo, amamwa mapiritsi kuti achepetse shuga pamlingo wam'mbuyomu, komanso amamwa ma decoctions malinga ndi mankhwala azomera.
Ndi kuchepa kwa shuga, chithunzi chachipatala chotsatira chikuwonetsedwa:
- Thukuta lakuzizira limatuluka.
- Kudzimva kukhala wopanda nzeru kumawoneka.
- Ndikufuna kudya.
- Miyendo ikuyamba kuzizira.
- Zilonda zimawonekera, nseru.
- Mutu, gawo lamalirime.
Mukanyalanyaza zinthuzo, zimangokulirakulira. Kugwirizana kosunthika kwasokonezeka, munthuyu akuyankhula mwamantha, mungaganize kuti waledzera. Ndipo izi ndizowopsa, chifukwa anthu ozungulira sakufuna kumuthandiza, ndipo munthu payekha sangathe.
Ndi hypoglycemia wofatsa, mutha kuwonjezera shuga nokha: idyani supuni ya jamu, kumwa tiyi wokoma. Pambuyo pa mphindi 10, fufuzani magazi anu. Ngati idakali yotsika, bwerezani njira yolerera.
Momwe mungapezere shuga yanu?
Aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala ndi chipangizo ngati glucometer. Chipangizochi chimakulolani kuti muchepetse matenda "okoma". Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga kuyambira kawiri mpaka kasanu patsiku.
Zipangizo zamakono ndi zam'manja komanso zopepuka, zimawonetsa mwachangu zotsatira zake. Ngakhale ulonda wapadera wa anthu odwala matenda ashuga watuluka. Vuto limodzi ndi mtengo wa mizere yoyesera chifukwa siyotsika mtengo konse ayi. Komabe, pali bwalo loipa: kupulumutsa pamiyeso yoyeserera kumabweretsa chindapusa chochizira zovuta za matenda. Chifukwa chake, sankhani zochepa zoyipa.
Kuyeza chizindikiro chanu cha glucose ndikosavuta, komanso kopweteka kwambiri. Zingwe zam'mano ndizovomerezeka. Zomverera sizimamva zowawa zilizonse kuchokera pakuluma udzudzu. Monga momwe machitidwe amasonyezera, kuyeza shuga ndi glucometer ndikovuta koyamba kokha, ndiye kuti zonse zikhala ngati "wotchi".
Khazikitsani molondola Zizindikiro za shuga:
- Sambani manja, ndikupukuta ndi thaulo.
- Manja azisambitsidwa ndi madzi amchere;
- Limbani nthambiyo m'madzi ofunda kapena gwedezani kuti magazi athamange zala zawo.
- Malo opumira amayenera kukhala owuma kwathunthu. Palibe chifukwa choti madzi aliwonse amasakanikirana ndi magazi.
- Mzere woyezera umayikidwa mu chipangizocho, pazenera pomwe cholembedwa chimayenera kutuluka kuti mutha kuyesa muyeso.
- Kuti mugwire gawo la chala.
- Ikani madzi azachilengedwe pamtambo, onani zomwe zikuwonetsa.
Kuti muthane ndi matenda anu, kupewa kuchuluka kapena kuchepa kwa glucose mthupi, tikulimbikitsidwa kusunga diary kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Ndikofunikira kukonza masiku ndi zotsatira zenizeni za miyezo ya shuga, zakudya ziti zomwe zimadyedwa, ndi mtundu wanji wa timadzi tomwe timayambitsa.
Pambuyo pofufuza nkhaniyi, mutha kumvetsetsa momwe chakudya, zochita zolimbitsa thupi, jakisoni wa insulin ndi zina. Zonsezi zithandiza kuti matendawa azilamulidwa, zomwe zimachepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta zoyipa. Kanemayo munkhaniyi ayankhula za kuchuluka kwa shuga.
