Mayeso a matenda a shuga: mndandanda watsatanetsatane

Kuyesa kwakukulu kwa matenda amtundu wa 1 kapena mtundu wa 2 ndikuwonetsetsa kuti shuga ndi magazi ndi nyumba. Phunzirani kuchita izi tsiku lililonse kangapo. Onetsetsani kuti mita yanu ndi yolondola (momwe mungachitire izi). Khalani masiku odziletsa okwanira shuga kamodzi pa sabata. Pambuyo pake, konzani zoperekera mayeso a labotale magazi, mkodzo, ma ultrasound okhazikika ndi mayeso ena.

Imwani mayeso a labu anu a shuga pafupipafupi, kuwonjezera pa kumwa shuga wanu wamagazi tsiku lililonse ndi glucometer.

Yang'anirani shuga yanu yamagazi ndi pulogalamu yachiwiri yothandizira odwala matenda ashuga kapena mtundu wa pulogalamu ya 1 ya matenda a shuga. Musanayambe ntchito zomwe zimafotokozedwa ndi maulalo, muyenera kukayezetsa kuchipatala. Nthawi yomweyo, pitani mayeso, omwe muphunzire mwatsatanetsatane pambuyo pake m'nkhaniyo.

Kuyesedwa kwa matenda ashuga - bwanji komanso kangati kuti mupeze

Kuyesedwa kwa matenda ashuga kumayenera kuchitika pafupipafupi kuti mudziwe mayankho a mafunso otsatirawa:

• Kodi kapamba wanu wawonongeka bwanji? Kodi maselo a beta omwe amatha kupanga insulin akadalipobe? Kapena kodi onsewa anamwalira?
• Kodi pancreatic ntchito imakhala yochuluka bwanji chifukwa mumapereka chithandizo? Mndandanda wa zochitika izi ndi monga mtundu wachiwiri wa chithandizo cha matenda ashuga komanso mtundu wa 1 wa matenda a shuga. Kodi pali maselo owonjezera a beta mu kapamba? Kodi kupanga insulin yeniyeni kumachuluka?
• Ndi zovuta ziti zazitali zomwe zakhala zikuchitika? Kodi ndi amphamvu bwanji? Funso lofunika ndikuti impso zanu zili mumkhalidwe wotani?
• Kodi chiwopsezo chotenga matenda atsopano a shuga ndikuwonjezera omwe alipo kale? Makamaka, chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi stroke ndi chiani? Kodi amachepetsa monga chithandizo?

Kuyesedwa kwa matenda ashuga kuyenera kumwedwa nthawi zonse. Zotsatira zawo zikuwonetsa bwino momwe phindu lotsatira regimen ndikukhalanso ndi shuga yochepa yamagazi. Komanso werengani nkhaniyo, "Zolinga zochizira matenda amtundu woyamba 2," komanso gawo lake, "Zomwe mungayembekezere shuga lanu likadzayamba kukhala labwinobwino."

Mavuto ambiri a shuga sangathe kupewa, komanso kusinthidwa. Zotsatira zakuchiza matenda a shuga ndi zakudya zamagulu ochepa komanso njira zathu zonse zimakhala zabwinoko kuposa zomwe zimapezeka mwanjira yachikhalidwe. Nthawi yomweyo, ziyeso zimayamba, kenako kukhala bwino. Chifukwa chake, kuyesedwa kwa matenda ashuga ndi chizindikiro chotsogola pakugwirira ntchito bwino kwa mankhwala.

Kuphatikiza apo m'nkhaniyo, kusanthula kukufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane kuti ndikofunika kutenga nthawi zonse matenda ashuga. Zambiri mwa izo ndizosankha. Ndikofunika kuyesedwa mu labotale yolipira payokha, yomwe ndiyodziyimira payokha, kutanthauza kuti sizipangitsa kuti zotsatira za zofuna za madokotala zitheke. Ma labotale abwino aboma amagwiritsanso ntchito zida zatsopano ndi ma reagents, kotero zotsatira za kusanthula ndizolondola. Ngati sizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito zawo, ndiye kuti mumayesedwe aulere kuchipatala.

Ngati mayeso ena sangathe kudutsa kapena okwera mtengo kwambiri - mutha kuwadumpha. Chachikulu ndikugula njira yolondola ya shuga m'magazi ndipo nthawi zambiri amawongolera shuga ndimagazi. Palibe chifukwa musasunge pamiyeso ya glucometer! Ndikofunikanso kumatenga magazi ndi mkodzo pafupipafupi kuti muwone ngati impso ili. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa mapuloteni a C-reactive (kuti asasokonezedwe ndi C-peptide!) M'malo osungirako zinthu zakale nthawi zambiri pamakhala zotsika mtengo ndipo ndi chisonyezo chabwino chakuopsa kwa matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko, komanso kuchuluka kwa zomwe mumakwaniritsa kuti muchepetse izi. Mayeso ena onse - perekani nthawi iliyonse yomwe zingatheke.

Glycated hemoglobin

Kuyesa kwa magazi kwa hemoglobin ya glycated (glycosylated). Ngati simukulandira insulin, ndiye kuti amayesedwa katatu pachaka. Ngati mumachiza matenda a shuga ndi jakisoni wa insulin - kanayi pachaka. Kuti mumve zambiri onani nkhani ya "Kuyesa kwa magazi a glycated hemoglobin".

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa glycated hemoglobin HbA1C ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika koyambirira kwa matenda ashuga. Koma pamene chithandizo cha matendawa chikuwongoleredwa ndi chithandizo chake, ndiye kuti, chofunikira kwambiri. HbA1C imawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi atatu apitawa. Koma sapereka chidziwitso pakuwonjezeraku.

M'miyezi yapitayi, odwala matenda ashuga akadadumpha pafupipafupi - kuchokera ku hypoglycemia mpaka shuga kwambiri wamagazi, ndipo thanzi lake lidawonongeka. Koma ngati kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kunayandikira pafupifupi, ndiye kuti kuwunika kwa HbA1C sikuwonetsa chilichonse chapadera. Chifukwa chake, mu shuga, kusanthula kwa hemoglobin wa glycated sikuchotsa kufunika koti muyeza magazi anu tsiku lililonse kangapo ndi glucometer.

Kuyesa kwa C-peptide

C-peptide ndi mapuloteni omwe amachotsedwa kuchokera ku molekyulu ya "proinsulin" pomwe insulin ikapangidwa kuchokera pamenepo mu kapamba. Imalowa m'magazi ndi insulin. Chifukwa chake, ngati C-peptide imazungulira m'magazi, zikutanthauza kuti thupi likupitilirabe kupanga yake insulin. Ndipo C-peptide yowonjezereka m'magazi, kuphatikiza bwino ntchito kumachitika. Nthawi yomweyo, ngati ndende ya C-peptide m'magazi ndi yokwera kuposa yachilendo, ndiye kuti mlingo wa insulin ndi wokwera. Izi zimatchedwa hyperinsulinism (hyperinsulinemia). Izi zimachitika pafupipafupi matenda a shuga a 2 kapena pomwe wodwala amangokhala ndi matenda osokoneza bongo a prediabetes.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa C-peptide kumachitika bwino m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndipo panthawi yomwe shuga ya magazi imakhala yabwinobwino, osati yokwera. Imodzi ndi kusanthula uku, ndikofunika kuti mukayezetsedwe wamagazi kapena ingoyesani shuga ndi magazi a nyumba. Muyenera kusanthula zotsatira za kusanthula konse nthawi imodzi. Ngati shuga m'magazi ndilabwinobwino ndipo C-peptide imakwezedwa, ndiye kuti izi zikutanthauza kuti insulin imakana (zomwe zili komanso momwe angachitire), prediabetes kapena gawo loyambirira la matenda a shuga 2. Muzochitika zoterezi, ndi nthawi yoti muyambe kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala ochepa, kudya masewera olimbitsa thupi mosangalala komanso (ngati kuli kofunikira) mapiritsi a Siofor (Glucofage). Nthawi yomweyo, musathamangire jakisoni wa insulin - ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kudzatheka popanda iwo.

Ngati onse shuga ndi C-peptide atakwezedwa, ndiye kuti matenda a shuga a "advanced". Komabe, mwina zidzayang'aniridwa popanda insulini, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, ngakhale wodwalayo akuyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala kwambiri. Ngati shuga wamwazi wakwezedwa, ndipo C-peptide ndiyochepa, ndiye kuti kapamba akuwonongeka kale. Ikhoza kukhala mtundu wa matenda ashuga okhalitsa kapena mtundu wa matenda ashupi 1. Pano, ndizovuta kuchita popanda insulin. Inde, ngati zovuta zosasinthika za matenda ashuga sizikhala ndi nthawi yopanga.

Ndikofunika kuti muyesedwe magazi a seramu C-peptide mukangoyamba kuchiza matenda ashuga. M'tsogolomu, simungathe kubwereza ndikusunga mwanjira iyi, ngati pakufunika.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndi zida zam'magazi

Magazi a biochemistry ndi mayeso omwe amaperekedwa pachikhalidwe akapita kukayezetsa kuchipatala. Amafunikira kuti azindikire matenda obisika mthupi la munthu, kuwonjezera pa matenda ashuga, ndikuyambanso kuwachira nthawi. Wothandizira zasayansi azindikiritsa kuchuluka kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana yama cell m'magazi - maselo ofiira ndi oyera, komanso mapulateleti. Ngati pali maselo oyera ambiri, zikutanthauza kuti njira yotupa ikupitilira. Muyenera kupeza matendawa ndikuwachiza. Ngati pali maselo ofiira ochulukirapo, ichi ndi chizindikiro cha kuchepa magazi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga 1, mwatsoka, nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa chithokomiro kulephera. Vutoli limawonetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwama cell oyera. Ngati kuyezetsa kwakukulu kwa magazi "kukuwonetsa" pakufooka kwa chithokomiro, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyesa magazi ena owonjezera pamahomoni ake. Muyenera kudziwa kuti kuunika kwa chithokomiro, sikokwanira kuchita mayeso a magazi a chithokomiro chotulutsa chithokomiro (chithokomiro cha chithokomiro). Muyenera kuonanso mahomoni ena - a T3 aulere komanso a T4 aulere.

Zizindikiro za vuto la chithokomiro ndimatopa osapumira, malekezero ozizira, komanso kukokana kwa minofu. Makamaka ngati kutopa kwakuthupi kumapitirira shuga wamagazi atatsitsidwa kuti azololedwa ndi chakudya chamafuta ochepa. Kusanthula kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro sikotsika mtengo, koma kuyenera kuchitika ngati kuli kofunikira. Ntchito ya chithokomiro England imasinthidwa modabwitsa ndi mapiritsi omwe adalembedwa ndi endocrinologist. Mkhalidwe wa odwala nthawi zambiri umayenda bwino chifukwa ch kumwa mapiritsi awa, kotero kuti zotsatira za mankhwalawo zimatsimikizira kuti ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, nthawi ndi kuyesetsa.

Serum ferritin

Serum ferritin ndizowonetsera zamasitolo achitsulo mthupi. Nthawi zambiri kuyezetsa magazi kumeneku kumayendetsedwa ngati wodwala akuwonetsetsa kuti ali ndi vuto la kuchepa magazi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mchere. Ndi madokotala ochepa omwe amadziwa izi, mbali inayi, owonjezera chitsulo ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuchepa kwa minofu kumveketse insulin, i.e., insulin kukana. Imawononganso makoma amitsempha yamagazi ndikuthandizira kuyambika kwa vuto la mtima. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muwunike za serum ferritin mulimonsemo, pamodzi ndi zovuta zonse zamankhwala amwazi. Ngati kuwunika uku kukuwonetsa kuti muli ndi chitsulo chochuluka mthupi, ndiye kuti zingakhale zothandiza kukhala wopereka magazi. Uku si nthabwala. Kupereka magazi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yochotsera insulini komanso kupewa matenda a mtima mwakuchotsa thupi lanulo.

Serum Albumin

Mayesowa nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa mu biochemistry yamagazi. Kuchepetsa serum albin kumatanthauza kuwopsa kawiri konse ka imfa pazifukwa zilizonse. Apanso, ndi madokotala ochepa omwe amadziwa izi. Ngati mukupeza mafuta ochepetsa a seramu, muyenera kuyang'ana chifukwa chake ndikuchiza.

Ndi matenda oopsa - kuyezetsa magazi kwa magnesium

Ngati wodwala ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndiye kuti ku United States "zokha" zimayambitsa kuyezetsa magazi kwa magnesium m'magazi ofiira. M'mayiko olankhula Chirasha, kusanthula kumeneku sikunachitikebe. Osasokoneza ndi kusanthula kwa magnesium m'magazi amwazizomwe sizodalirika! Nthawi zonse zimakhala zabwinobwino, ngakhale munthu atakhala ndi vuto la magnesium. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi matenda oopsa, koma impso zimagwirabe ntchito mochulukirapo, ingoyesani kutenga Magnesium-B6 mu milingo yayikulu, monga tafotokozera apa. Ndipo werengetsani pambuyo pa masabata atatu ngati thanzi lanu layamba.

Magnesium-B6 ndi piritsi yodabwitsa yomwe imathandiza kutenga anthu 80-90%. Izi ndi:

• kuthamanga kwa magazi;
• thandizirani ndi mavuto amtima uliwonse - arrhythmia, tachycardia, etc;
• onjezerani zamkati minyewa;
• Tontholetsani, thandizitsani kukwiya, kusintha kugona;
• sinthani matumbo ntchito;
• gwiritsani ntchito premenstrual syndrome mwa akazi.

Zindikirani Osamwa mapiritsi aliwonse, kuphatikiza ndi magnesium-B6, popanda kufunsa dokotala ngati mwayamba kudwala matenda a impso a diabetes (nephropathy). Makamaka ngati kuchuluka kwa kusefera kwa glomerular kuli pansipa 30 ml / mphindi / 1.73 m2 kapena mukuchita dialysis.

Kuopsa kwa vuto la mtima ndi sitiroko: momwe mungachepetse

Zinthu zambiri zimazungulira m'magazi a munthu, zomwe zimawonetsa kuchepa kwake, kwapakatikati kapena kuthana ndi chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi stroke. Tsopano ukadaulo umalola kugwiritsa ntchito kuyezetsa magazi kudziwa mosavuta kuchuluka kwa zinthu izi, ndipo ndizosavuta kwa madokotala ndi odwala. Pali njira zochizira zomwe zingachepetse chiopsezo chamtima, komanso mtsogolo mu nkhaniyi muphunzira za iwo.

Ndikofunika kulabadira kupewa kupewa matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko, komanso chithandizo cha matenda ashuga. Kupatula apo, pali chiyani chothandiza kuti shuga asachedwe magazi kuti mutangokumana ndi vuto la mtima? Tsatirani malingaliro osavuta, tsatirani boma - ndipo mutha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka kukalamba kwambiri popanda zovuta za matenda ashuga, ndi mtima wathanzi komanso chitetezo chogonana, mpaka kuchitira nsanje anzanu.

Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti chakudya chamafuta ochepa sichimapangitsa shuga m'magazi ndipo nthawi yomweyo chimachepetsa chiopsezo cha mtima wanu. Izi zikutsimikizira kusiyana pazotsatira za kusanthula "m'mbuyomu" ndi "pambuyo" pakusintha mtundu watsopano wa zakudya. Maphunziro akuthupi amakhalanso ndi mphamvu yochiritsa kawiri. Komabe, kupewa mosamala matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko kungafune zina zina, zomwe muphunzira pansipa. Ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi moyo wautali, simuyenera kunyalanyaza zochitika izi.

Werengani nkhani zatsatanetsatane

• Kupewa matenda amtima ndi sitiroko. Zoyipa komanso momwe mungazithetsere.
• Atherosulinosis: kupewa ndi kuchiza. Atherosulinosis ya ziwiya zamtima, bongo, m'munsi.
  

Mavuto a chithokomiro: Kuzindikira ndi Chithandizo

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamagulu ochepa kuti muchepetse matenda amtundu wa 2, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa magazi zimayambitsa matenda amtima. Komabe, nthawi zina kusanthula kumawonetsa kuti chiwopsezo cha mtima sichidachepetsedwa, kapena kuwonjezeka. Zikatero, muyenera kuchita mayeso a mahomoni a chithokomiro. Ndipo nthawi zonse!

Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga ndi kusagwira bwino ntchito m'thupi lanu. Chifukwa cha zolephera izi, chitetezo cha mthupi chimagwira ndikuwononga maselo a pancreatic beta omwe amapanga insulin. Tsoka ilo, chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chimakonda kugwidwa "chifukwa cha kampani", chifukwa chake ntchito yake imachepetsedwa.

Hypothyroidism ndikutalika, kosalekeza kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika mwa odwala matenda ashuga komanso abale awo apamtima. Hypothyroidism imatha kuyamba zaka zambiri shuga asanayambe, kapena mosinthanitsa pambuyo pake. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti zovuta zokhala ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro zimakulitsa mwayi wamatenda a mtima ndi sitiroko, ndipo izi zikuwonetsa zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa magazi pazinthu zowopsa zamtima.

Kutsiliza: ngati, motsutsana ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka chakudya chochepa chama carbohydrate, zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa magazi pazinthu zowopsa zam'mtima zimawonongeka, ndiye kuti chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikuchiritsidwa. Poterepa, pitilizani kutsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa. Kulipiritsa kwa hypothyroidism, endocrinologist idzapatsa mapiritsi okhala ndi mahomoni osakwanira m'thupi. Amatengedwa katatu patsiku, malinga ndi lingaliro la adokotala.

Cholinga cha mankhwalawa ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mahomoni okhala ndi triiodothyronine (T3 yaulere) ndi thyroxine (T4 yaulere) mpaka mulingo wamba. Monga lamulo, cholinga ichi chimakwaniritsidwa kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, odwala amamva bwino komanso kuti chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi stroke chikuchepa. Kumbukirani kuti kuyezetsa magazi kwa chithokomiro cholimbikitsa chithokomiro (thyrotropin, TSH) sikokwanira. Ma mahomoni ena a chithokomiro amafunika kuwunika - T3 yaulere komanso T4 yaulere.

Chuma chambiri m'thupi

Iron ndi chinthu chofunikira kwa anthu. Koma kuchulukitsa kwake kukhoza kukhala koopsa. Ngati thupi ladziunjikira zitsulo zazikuluzikulu, izi zimachepetsa chidwi cha minyewa kupita ku insulin (zimawonjezera kukana insulini), ndizoyambitsa matenda a mtima, komanso khansa ya chiwindi. Vutoli limafala kwambiri kwa amuna kuposa azimayi asanadutse. Chifukwa amayi amataya chitsulo nthawi ya kusamba.

Chitani kafukufuku wa magazi a serum albin ndi ferritin, omwe takambirana pamwambapa. Ngati zotsatira zake zili zapamwamba, ndiye kuti mukhale opereka magazi kuti muchotse chitsulo chochuluka mthupi ndipo potero muchepetse chiopsezo chodwala mtima. Yesani kumwa mapiritsi a multivitamin omwe alibe zitsulo. Mwachitsanzo, awa ndi mavitamini ambiri.

Mosiyana ndi izi, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kumatha kupangitsa kuti kususuka kusayende bwino. Muzochitika zoterezi ndi matenda ashuga, ndizosatheka kuwongolera bwino magazi. Ngati ndi kotheka, kukonzekera kwachitsulo komwe kumapangidwa mosavuta kumapangira kuchepa kwa chinthuchi mthupi. Vuto la kuchepa kwachitsulo ndilosavuta kwambiri kusiyana ndi vuto lakuchulukirapo.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol kumaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wazotsatira za lipid metabolism. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• cholesterol yathunthu;
• "Chabwino" cholesterol - kwambiri kachulukidwe lipoproteins;
• Cholesterol "Choipa" - lipoproteins yochepa;
• triglycerides.

Osangokhala ndi mayeso a magazi a cholesterol yokwanira, koma onetsetsani kuti zomwe zikuwonetsa za cholesterol "zabwino" ndi "zoyipa" komanso triglycerides. Mayeserowa atha kutumizidwanso patatha milungu 6 mutasinthira ku chakudya chamafuta ochepa. Ngati palibe zovuta ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, ndiye kuti zotsatira zatsopano ziyenera kukhala zabwino kwambiri kuposa zomwe zidapita. Dziwani za triglycerides omwe ali ndi Mapuloteni, Mafuta, ndi Zakudya Zam'magazi Zopatsa Zakudya Zabwino Zaumoyo.

Zabwino ndi zoyipa cholesterol

Mukawerenga nkhani yathu, mudzadziwa kuti cholesterol imagawidwa kukhala "zabwino" komanso "zoyipa". Cholesterol yabwino - lipoprotein yapamwamba - imateteza mitsempha ya magazi. M'malo mwake, cholesterol yoyipa imawerengedwa kuti ndiyomwe imayambitsa matenda a atherosulinosis komanso matenda amtima wotsatira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuyezetsa magazi kwathunthu chifukwa cha cholesterol, osagawa kuti ikhale "yabwino" komanso "yoyipa", sikutilola kuti tiwone kuyesa kwa mtima.

Muyenera kudziwa kuti cholesterol yambiri yomwe imazungulira m'magazi imapangidwa m'chiwindi, ndipo sizimabwera mwachindunji kuchokera ku chakudya. Ngati mumadya zakudya zokhala ndi cholesterol, yomwe m'mbuyomu imakhala yowopsa (nyama yamafuta, mazira, batala), ndiye kuti chiwindi chimangotulutsa cholesterol "yoipa" yochepa. Ndipo mosiyana ndi izi, ngati mumadya zakudya zopanda mafuta m'thupi, chiwindi chimapanga zambiri, chifukwa cholesterol ndiyofunikira m'moyo, imagwira ntchito zofunika kwambiri mthupi.

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "yoyipa" - lipoproteins yocheperachepera - kumatanthauza chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima, matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko. Vutoli limakonda kupezeka mwa anthu onenepa kwambiri kapena matenda ashuga. Ngati mumatsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa, ndiye kuti cholesterol "yoyipa" m'magazi nthawi zambiri imachepa pambuyo pa masabata 6.

Cholesterol yabwino - lipoproteins yapamwamba - imateteza mitsempha yamkati kuchokera mkati kuwonongeka ndi atherosulinosis. Chifukwa cha izi, magazi abwinobwino kumtima ndi ubongo amasungidwa. Chakudya chokhala ndi cholesterol yambiri chimachulukitsa cholesterol “yabwino” m'magazi. Yesani kudya chamafuta ochepa, kupimidwa magazi “kale” komanso “pambuyo” - kuti mudzionere nokha. Ndipo zomwe amafalitsa akudya zamafuta ochepa omwe amawoneka kuti ndi abwino kwa mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi ndiwongopeka. Mu matenda ashuga, kudya "moyenera" ndizowopsa kwambiri chifukwa zimayambitsa kulumpha m'magazi ndikukula kwovuta kwambiri.

Anthu ena sakhala ndi mwayi - amakhala ndi chibadwa chokhala ndi cholesterol choyipa m'magazi awo. Pankhaniyi, kudya zakudya zamagulu ochepa osamwa mankhwala apadera sizithandiza. Koma ndi odwala ochepa kwambiri otere; Monga lamulo, simuyenera kumwa mapiritsi kuti muchepetse cholesterol. Ngati mukumwa mankhwala kuchokera ku gulu la ma statins kuti muchepetse cholesterol yanu, ndiye kuti mutasintha zakudya zamafuta ochepa mutha kukana mapiritsiwo osatinso zotsatirapo zake zoyipa.

Kukwanira kwa atherogenic

Kuti awone kuyipa kwamtima, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "choyipa" komanso "chabwino" m'magazi a wodwala kumawerengeredwa. Izi zimatchedwa coherofferate atherogenic (CA). Amawerengeredwa ndi njira:

HDL ndi lipoprotein wapamwamba kwambiri, ndiye kuti, "cholesterol" yabwino. Mlangizo wa atherogenic nthawi zambiri uyenera kukhala wochepera 3.

Timalingalira izi:

• Mutha kukhala ndi cholesterol yayikulu kwambiri komanso nthawi yomweyo pamakhala chiopsezo cha mtima. Izi zimachitika pang'onopang'ono chakudya chamafuta, pamene cholesterol "yabwino" imakhala yotalikirapo komanso "yoyipa" imakhala yokhazikika, ndipo kuchepa kwa atherogenic kumakhala kotsika ndi 2,5.
• Cholesterol yotsika mtengo sizitanthauza kuti palibe chiopsezo cha mtima. Chifukwa cha cholesterol yotsika "yabwino", mphamvu ya atherogenic imakwezedwa.
• Kumbukiraninso kuti theka la vuto la mtima limapezeka mwa anthu omwe matendawo amapezeka bwino. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyang'ana pazinthu zina za chiwopsezo cha mtima. Werengani zambiri pansipa.

M'mbuyomu, panali "cholesterol" chabwino yekha komanso "yoyipa". Chakumapeto kwa zaka zam'ma 1990, chithunzi chosavuta cha dziko lapansi chinakhala chovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa cha cholesterol "yoyipa", asayansi azindikira "chowopsa" chowonjezera. Tsopano mutha kuyesa kuyesanso kwa lipoprotein (a). Ndikofunika kudziwa ngati wodwala ayenera kumwa mapiritsi kuti achepetse cholesterol yotchedwa statins.

Ngati cholesterol "yoyipa" ndiyambiri, koma lipoprotein (a) ndiyabwinobwino, ndiye kuti mapiritsiwa sangathe kufotokozedwa. Mankhwala ochokera ku gulu la ma statins sotsika mtengo kwambiri komanso amakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa. Ngati mungathe popanda iwo, ndi bwino osavomereza. Phunzirani njira zachilengedwe kuti muchepetse kuchepa kwa ma atherosulinosis, nthawi zambiri popanda ma statins. Lipoprotein (a) afotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhaniyi.

Cholesterol ndi Mtima Wangozi: Zotsatira

Anthu ambiri kuti athetse matenda a cholesterol ndi chakudya chochepa chamafuta, osakhala ndi mapiritsi a gulu la ma statins. Kumbukirani chinthu chachikulu: mafuta azakudya sawonjezera kuchuluka kwa "zoyipa", koma "zabwino" mafuta m'thupi. Omasuka kudya mazira, nyama yamafuta, batala ndi zina zabwino. Yesani magazi anu ndi mita ya shuga m'magazi kangapo patsiku. Tengani mayeso anu a cholesterol tsopano, ndipo kenako pambuyo pa miyezi 1.5. Ndipo onetsetsani kuti ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimakuthandizani.

Kuphatikiza pa cholesterol "yabwino" ndi "yoyipa", palinso zinthu zina zomwe zingabweretse ngozi pamtima:

• C-yogwira mapuloteni;
• Fibrinogen;
• Lipoprotein (a);
• Homocysteine.

Zatsimikiziridwa kuti amatha kuneneratu za chiwopsezo cha kugunda kwa mtima kapena stroko molondola kwambiri kuposa kuyesa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol. Hafu ya matenda amtima imachitika kwa anthu omwe ali ndi cholesterol yachilendo. Wodwala matenda ashuga atha kuwongolera shuga la magazi ake ndi zakudya zamagulu ochepa, zotsatila za kuyezetsa magazi konse kwa zinthu zoopsa za mtima zimakhazikika. Komabe, kupewa mosamala ngozi yapamtima kungafune njira zina. Werengani zambiri pansipa.

Kuchulukitsa kwa mapuloteni a C-reactive komanso / kapena fibrinogen m'magazi kumawonjezeka pamene njira yotupa imachitika, ndipo thupi limalimbana nawo. Kutupa kovutirapo ndi vuto lathanzi komanso lalikulu. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa zomwe ndizofunika kuposa anthu ena onse. Kutupa kwapakati kosatha ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha mtima. Mtundu wa 1 kapena matenda a shuga a 2, amathandizanso chidwi cha minyewa kuti chikhale ndi insulin. Chifukwa chake, kulamula shuga m'magazi kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Onani zomwe zili mumtima mwathu komanso nkhani yoletsa sitiroko. Tsatirani mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zalimbikitsidwa pamenepo.

C-yogwira mapuloteni

Mapuloteni a C-reactive ndi amodzi mwa mapuloteni am'magazi a "gawo lambiri". Kuyang'ana kwawo m'magazi kumatuluka ndi kutupa. Mapuloteni a C-reactive amatenga gawo lodzitchinjiriza pomanga polysaccharide Streptococcus pneumoniae. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwunika kwamankhwala ngati chimodzi mwazizindikiro za kutupa. Ngati palibe matenda oonekeratu, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri chomwe chimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni othandizira m'magazi ndi ma caries. Kachiwiri ndikutupa kwa impso, kenako rheumatism. Chiritsani mano anu kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima!

Werengani nkhani yatsatanetsatane "Kuyesa magazi a protein. C-yogwira mapuloteni. "

Homocysteine

Homocysteine ​​ndi amino acid omwe saperekedwa ndi chakudya, koma amapangidwa kuchokera ku methionine. Zakuchuluka mthupi, homocysteine ​​imayamba kuukira khoma lamkati la mitsempha. Kupuma kwake kumapangidwa, komwe thupi limayesetsa kuchiritsa, guluu. Cholesterol ndi calcium zimayikidwa pamalo owonongeka, ndikupanga chikhodzodzo cha atherosselotic, chifukwa chomwe kuwunikira kwa chotengera kumachepa, ndipo nthawi zina mpaka kumatsekeka. Zotsatira zake ndi stroke, myocardial infarction, pulmonary thromboembolism.

Amakhulupirira kuti kusuta kumachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa ma homocysteine ​​m'mwazi. Komanso, kumwa makapu angapo a khofi patsiku ndi imodzi mwamphamvu zomwe zimathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa milingo ya Homocysteine. Anthu omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwa homocysteine ​​m'magazi ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda a Alzheimer ndi matenda a senile. Ndi kuphatikiza kowonjezereka kwa homocysteine ​​ndi matenda ashuga, zovuta zamafupa zimachitika kawirikawiri - zotumphukira zamatenda, nephropathy, retinopathy, ndi zina zambiri.

Mlingo wa homocysteine ​​m'magazi umakwera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa folic acid, komanso mavitamini B6, B12 ndi B1. Dr. Bernstein amakhulupirira kuti kutenga vitamini B12 ndi folic acid m'mwazi kuti achepetse homocysteine ​​kulibe ntchito ndipo ngakhale kumawonjezera kufa. Komabe, akatswiri ambiri ama mtima aku America ndi omwe amathandizira izi. Wantchito wanu wofatsa, nanenso, ndimatenga mavitamini B angapo pamitundu yayikulu (50 mg aliyense mavitamini B6, B12, B1 ndi ena), mapiritsi 1-2 tsiku lililonse.

Fibrinogen ndi lipoprotein (a)

Fibrinogen ndi mapuloteni omwe amapangidwa m'chiwindi ndikupanga insoluble fibrin - maziko a zovala pa nthawi ya magazi. Fibrin pambuyo pake amapanga chovala chamwazi, akumaliza njira zopangira magazi. Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi fibrinogen m'magazi zimawonjezeka ndimatenda am'mimba komanso obwera chifukwa cha kutupa ndi minofu. Fibrinogen, monga mapuloteni a C-reactive, amatanthauza mapuloteni oyipa kwambiri.

Lipoprotein (a) - "woipa kwambiri" cholesterol. Imakhala pachiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi matenda ena a mtima. Udindo wakuthupi sunakhazikitsidwebe.

Ngati m'magazi mulinso gawo limodzi lokhazikika la chinthu chimodzi kapena zingapo zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, ndiye kuti izi zikutanthauza kuti njira yotupa ikupitirirabe. Thupi mwina likulimbana ndi matenda obisika. Chifukwa chiyani izi zili zoyipa? Chifukwa munthawi imeneyi, zombo zimaphimbidwa mwachangu kuchokera mkati ndi zolembedwa zamtundu wa atherosrance. Choopsa chake chachikulu ndicho chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha magazi ndi kutsekeka kwamitsempha yamagazi. Zotsatira zake, kugunda kwa mtima kapena stroko kumatha kuchitika. Mu anthu odwala matenda ashuga, kutupa kwaposachedwa kumakulitsa kukana kwa insulin ndikukulitsa kufunikira kwa insulin. Werengani "Kutupa ndi chifukwa chobisira cha insulin."

Kuyesedwa koyipa kwa fibrinogen kapena lipoprotein (a) kwa odwala matenda ashuga kumatanthauzanso ngozi yowonjezereka yoperewera kulephera kwa impso kapena mavuto ammaso. Kunenepa kwambiri, ngakhale ndi shuga wabwinobwino wamagazi, kumayambitsa kutupa kwaposachedwa ndipo motero kumakulitsa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni othandizira C. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa protein ya C-reactive, fibrinogen, ndi lipoprotein (a) ndizowonetsa bwino kwambiri za ngozi ya kugunda kwa mtima kapena sitiroko kuposa cholesterol. Mwazi wa magazi ukamakhazikika chifukwa cha chakudya chochepa chamafuta, zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa magazi pazinthu zonsezi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amtima zimakhazikika.

Miyezi ya fibrinogen yamagazi imatha kukwezedwa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa impso ya chiwindi (nephropathy). Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti kumayambiriro, matenda ashuga a nephropathy sangathe kukhala olepheretsa, komanso obwezeretsedwa. Pali umboni wosonyeza kuti ntchito ya impso imabwezeretsedwa pang'onopang'ono ngati mungachepetse shuga m'magazi anu ndikulibwinobwino nthawi zonse. Zotsatira zake, zomwe zili mu fibrinogen m'magazi zimatsikiranso.

Wodwala matenda ashuga akatsitsa magazi ake mwanjira yokhala ndi chakudya chochepa chamafuta, zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwake kwa lipoprotein (a) nthawi zambiri zimamuyendera bwino. Komabe, sizingakhale zabwinobwino ngati mukupangika chifukwa cha chibadwa cha cholesterol chamagazi. Mwa akazi, kuchuluka kwa estrogen komwe kumacheperako kumatha kuyipiranso mbiri ya cholesterol.

Kuperewera kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro ndimomwe kumayambitsa cholesterol yambiri "yoyipa", homocysteine, ndi lipoprotein (a) m'magazi. Izi zimachitika makamaka kwa odwala matenda ashuga, omwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimatsutsana ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro. Zoyenera kuchita pankhaniyi zikufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani yomwe ili pamwambapa.

Kuyesa kwa matenda a shuga

Ndi matenda a shuga, impso zimawonongeka chifukwa chakuti shuga wambiri amatha zaka. Ngati matenda ashuga nephropathy (kuwonongeka kwa impso) apezeka koyambirira, ndiye kuti mutha kuyesa kuti muchepetse. Mukazindikira kuti shuga ayamba kukhala wabwinobwino, ndiye kuti ntchito za impso sizikuwonjezeka pakapita nthawi, koma zimatha kuchira.

Dziwani za magawo a kuwonongeka kwa impso mu nkhani ya "Kuwonongeka kwa Impso mu Matenda a shuga". Kumayambiriro kwa matenda ashuga a nephropathy, muyenera kuyesa kudya zakudya zamafuta ochepa kuti muchepetse shuga mwamavuto kuti akhale abwinobwino, akhale osasunthika, motero muteteze impso zanu. Pambuyo pake kuwonongeka kwa impso (kuyambira 3-A), zakudya zamagulu ochepa zimaletsedwa, ndipo zochepa zitha kuchitidwa.

Imfa chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso ndiyo njira yopweteka kwambiri kwa matenda ashuga. Kulandila mankhwala a dialysis kulinso kosangalatsa. Chifukwa chake, tengani mayeso pafupipafupi kuti muwone impso zanu ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga. Ngati chithandizo chikuyambira pa nthawi yake, ndiye kuti kuletsa kulephera kwa impso ndi zenizeni. Werengani tsatanetsatane pansi pa ulalo "Kusanthula ndikuwunika impso mu matenda a shuga".

Zochita zina zitha kupotoza zotsatira za mayeso omwe amayesa ntchito ya impso. Pakupita maola 48 mayeso asanakayesedwe, zolimbitsa thupi, zomwe zimapanga katundu wambiri m'munsi thupi, ziyenera kupewedwa. Izi zikuphatikiza njinga, njinga zamoto, kukwera mahatchi. Sikoyenera kuyesedwa tsiku lomwe mukadwala malungo, kusamba, matenda amkodzo kapena kupweteka chifukwa cha miyala ya impso. Kutumiza mayesedwe kuyenera kuchedwetsedwa mpaka mkhalidwe wazovuta wadutsa.

Kukula kwa Insulin-IGD (IGF-1)

Matenda a shuga a retinopathy ndi ovuta kwambiri komanso pafupipafupi a matenda ashuga m'maso. Kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi abwinobwino m'magazi a shuga ndizodabwitsa nthawi zonse. Koma kuchepa kwamagazi m'magazi kungayambitse kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga. Kuchulukitsa kumeneku kumawonetsedwa ndi kutulutsa kambiri m'matumbo ndipo kungayambitse khungu. Nthawi zambiri amatsogozedwa ndikuwonjezereka kwa kuchuluka kwa insulin ngati kukula kwa chinthu (IGF-1) mu seramu.

Kuwunika kwa insulin ngati kukula kwa chinthu kuyenera kuperekedwa kwa odwala omwe apezeka ndi matenda ashuga retinopathy. Kusanthula uku kuyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi, miyezi iwiri iliyonse. Ngati mulingo wa IGF-1 ukukwera kuchokera nthawi yotsiriza, ndiye kuti muyenera kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi kuti mupewe kuwopseza kutayika.

Kodi mayeso ofunika kwambiri a shuga ndi ati?

Mayeso aliwonse omwe atchulidwa munkhaniyi ndiwofunika chifukwa amakupatsani mwayi kuti mumvetse bwino momwe wodwala wina wodwala matenda ashuga amamvera. Kumbali ina, palibe iliyonse ya mayeserowa yomwe ikukhudzana mwachindunji ndi kuwongolera shuga. Chifukwa chake, ngati zifukwa zachuma kapena zifukwa zina sizingalole kuti mupange kusanthula, mutha kupulumuka popanda iwo. Chachikulu ndikugula glucometer yolondola ndikuwonetsetsa shuga yanu yamagazi nayo. Pulumutsani pachilichonse, koma osati pamitsinje ya glucose mita!

Tsatirani pulogalamu ya matenda a shuga a 2 kapena mtundu wa matenda ashuga 1. Ngati mungachepetse shuga m'magazi anu kuti akhale olimba komanso kuti achepetse, ndiye kuti mavuto ena onse a shuga amathetsa pang'onopang'ono. Koma ngati simumayamwa magazi, ndiye kuti palibe mayeso omwe angamupulumutse wodwala matenda ashuga m'miyendo, impso, mawonekedwe a maso, ndi zina. Kuti muchiritse odwala matenda ashuga, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama mwezi uliwonse pamankhwala oyesa a glucometer, komanso kugula zinthu Zakudya zamagalimoto ochepa. Zonsezi zizikhala zinthu zanu zofunika kwambiri. Ndipo mtengo wotenga mayeso ndi momwe zimachitikira.

Ngati ndi kotheka, ndiye kuti muyenera kaye kuyezetsa magazi a hemoglobin ya glycated. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto lodziyang'anira pawokha magazi, omwe amawerengetsa okha. Mwachitsanzo, mita sangakhale yolondola - onetsani zotsatira zopanda pake. Momwe mungayang'anire mita yanu kuti ikhale yolondola. Kapenanso wodwalayo, akudziwa kuti posachedwa adzapita kukakumana ndi adotolo, kutatsala masiku ochepa kuti ayambe kudya mwachizolowezi, kupatula zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kuzakudya zambiri. Makamaka, achinyamata odwala matenda ashuga "amachimwa". Muzochitika zotere, kupenda kokha kwa glycated hemoglobin ndiko kungakuthandizeni kudziwa chowonadi. Muyenera kumwa miyezi itatu iliyonse, ngakhale muli ndi shuga komanso kuti mumatha kuilamulira.

Kuyesa kodziwika kwotsatira kwa magazi ndi kwa protein-C yotakasika. Mtengo wowunikira uwu ndi wokwera mtengo kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yomweyo umawulula zovuta zambiri zobisika. Njira zotupa zotupa ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima, koma madokotala athu ochepa amadziwa izi. Ngati mapuloteni anu a C-reactive akwezedwa, tengani njira zothetsera kutupa ndikuziteteza ku ngozi zamtima. Kuti muchite izi, rheumatism, pyelonephritis, matenda oyamba ndi kupuma ayenera kuthandizidwa mosamala. Ngakhale nthawi zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa ndizotsekera mano. Chiritsani mano anu ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa mapuloteni othandizira C ndikofunikira kuposa kuyesa kwa cholesterol!

Nthawi yomweyo, kuyesedwa kwa magazi pazifukwa zina zamatenda amtima ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri. Izi ndizowona makamaka pakuyesedwa kwa homocysteine ​​ndi lipoprotein (a). Choyamba muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama poyesera, kenako pazowonjezera kuti muchepetse izi kuti zikhale zachilendo. Ngati kulibe ndalama zowonjezera, ndiye kuti mungangoyamba kumwa mavitamini a B ndi mafuta a nsomba kuti mupewe.

Ndikupangiratu kuyezetsa magazi ku cholesterol ndi zina zomwe zingayambitse matenda oyamba musanayambitse pulogalamu yothandizira odwala matenda ashuga yokhala ndi zakudya zamagulu ochepa komanso zinthu zina zomwe timalimbikitsa. Kenako yang'anani ma lipids am'magazi anu (triglycerides, "zabwino" ndi "zoipa" cholesterol) pakatha miyezi 1.5. Pofika pano, shuga wanu wamagazi amayenera kukhala wabwinobwino, ndipo zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa labotour zimatsimikiziranso kuti mukuyenda bwino. Ngati mumatsatira mosamala zakudya, koma panthawiyi mawonekedwe a cholesterol sanasinthe - pitani kukayezetsa magazi kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro.

Ngati mulingo wocheperako wa mahomoni triiodothyronine (T3 yaulere) ndi thyroxine (T4 yaulere) wapezeka, ndiye kuti apangana ndi endocrinologist kuti mupange kukambirana. Mufunika upangiri wake wokhudza chithokomiro, koma osati momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zakudya zoyenera za matenda ashuga! Endocrinologist adzalembera mapiritsi oti amwe, monga akunena. Pambuyo pakuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro m'magazi, pambuyo pa miyezi 4, mukuyenera kupita kukayezetsanso magazi a cholesterol ndi zina zokhudzana ndi mtima. Izi zikuwulula momwe chithandizo cha chithokomiro chimawakhudzira. Kupitilira apo, mayeserowa amalimbikitsidwa kuti azitenga kamodzi pachaka. Koma ngati palibe ndalama zokwanira, ndiye kuti ndibwino kupulumutsa pamayeso a labotale kuposa pamiyeso ya glucometer.

Mayeso ndi kuyendera madokotala

Gulani tonometer ndikuyesa kuthamanga kwa magazi anu pafupipafupi (momwe mungachitire bwino), osachepera 1 pa sabata, nthawi yomweyo. Khalani ndi masikelo olondola kunyumba ndipo mumadzilemetsa pafupipafupi, koma osati kangapo pa sabata. Nthawi yomweyo, kumbukirani kuti kusinthasintha kwa kulemera mkati mwa makilogalamu awiri ndizabwinobwino, makamaka mwa azimayi. Onani m'maso anu ndi ophthalmologist (zomwe muyenera kupenda) - osachepera 1 pachaka.

Tsiku lililonse, muziyang'anitsitsa phazi lanu, werengani "Kusamalira matenda a shuga: malangizo atsatanetsatane." Poyamba chizindikiro cha zovuta - funsani dokotala amene "akutsogolereni". Kapena lowani pomwepo ndi podiatrist, uyu ndi katswiri pakuthandizira phazi la matenda ashuga. Ngati matenda a shuga asowa, nthawi yokhala ndi mavuto ammiyendo imatha kudula kapena kukufa.