Ngati muli ndi nseru, kusanza, kutentha thupi, kutsekula m'mimba, kapena chizindikiro chilichonse cha matenda opatsirana, muyenera kufunsa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Matenda opatsirana komanso mtundu 1 kapena matenda amtundu wa 2 ndi kuphatikiza wakupha. Chifukwa chiyani - tidzafotokozera mwatsatanetsatane pambuyo pake m'nkhaniyi. Osataya nthawi, kuyimbira ambulansi kapena kupita kuchipatala inunso. Ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba 1 kapena 2, ngati muli ndi matenda mthupi, ndikofunikira kuti munthu alandire chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu.
Osazengereza kuvutitsa madotolo mwachinyengo, chifukwa ngati, chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana m'matenda a shuga, kuzungulira kwamphamvu kumachitika, ndiye kuti inu ndi madotolo simudzatopa.
Zomwe Matenda Ati Matenda Ati Akulimbana Nawonso Amakhala Ovuta
Mtundu 1 kapena matenda ashuga 2, matenda opatsirana amayambitsa kusowa kwamadzi, ndipo izi ndizowopsa, nthawi zambiri zowopsa kuposa akulu ndi ana omwe alibe shuga. Khalani omasuka kuyimba ambulansi nthawi iliyonse wodwala matenda ashuga akamayamba kumva kupweteka, kusanza, kutentha thupi kapena kutsegula m'mimba. Kodi matenda opatsirana a shuga ndi oopsa bwanji? Chifukwa zimayambitsa kusowa kwamadzi. Kodi kusowa kwamadzi kumatha bwanji? Chifukwa kusowa kwamadzi ndi shuga m'magazi zimapanga kuzungulira koipa. Izi mwachangu - mkati mwa maola - zimatha kubweretsa kulephera kwa impso, chikomokere, kufa kapena kulumala.
Palinso chiopsezo chakuti matenda opatsirana, ngati ayamba kuthandizidwa mochedwa, maselo a beta otsala aanu adzafa. Kuchokera pamenepa, nthawi ya shuga imakulirakulira. Pazochitika zoyipa kwambiri, matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 amatha kusintha kukhala matenda ashuga akulu kwambiri. Tiyeni tiwone bwino momwe matenda opatsirana amakhudzira shuga wamagazi ndi momwe angawathandizire moyenera. Kupatula apo, aliyense amene achenjezedwa amakhala ndi zida.
Chitsanzo chabwino kuchokera ku zamankhwala
Kuti atsimikizire zakufunika kolumikizana mwachangu ndi ambulansi, Dr. Bernstein anena nkhani ngati imeneyi. Loweruka lina, nthawi ya 4 pm, mayi wina wodwala matenda ashuga adamuyimbira yemwe sanali wodwala wake. Dokotala wake adazimitsa foni kumapeto kwa sabata ndipo sanamusiye malangizo oti alumikizane ndi ndani pamavuto. Adapeza nambala ya foni ya Dr. Bernstein mundandanda ya mzinda.
Wodwalayo anali kunyumba yekhayekha ndi khanda lake, ndipo anali kusanza mosalekeza kuyambira 9 a.m. Adafunsa - nditani? Dr. Bernstein adanena kuti mwina anali ndi madzi osowa madzi kotero sangathe kudzithandiza okha, chifukwa chake akufunika kukhala kuchipatala mokhulupirika. Pamenepo adzatha kupanga kuperewera kwa madzimadzi m'thupi pogwiritsa ntchito mafinya amkati. Atamaliza kucheza naye, Dr. Bernstein adayimbira chipatala cha komweko ndikuchenjeza kuti akuyenera kudikirira wodwalayo ndikukonzekera kumpatsa madzi akumwa osagwirizana ndi madzi.
Wodwalayo anali ndi mphamvu zopititsa mwanayo kwa agogo ake, kenako pansi pa mphamvu yake kuti afikire kuchipatala .. Patatha maola 5, Dr. Bernstein adamuyitanitsa kuchokera ku dipatimenti yodzidzimutsa. Zinapezeka kuti mayi wodwala matendawa amayenera kupita kuchipatala “kwathunthu,” chifukwa sakanatha kumuthandiza kuchipatala chadzidzidzi. Kutulutsa kwamadzi kunali kwamphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti impso zinalephera. Ndibwino kuti chipatalachi chinali ndi dialysis unit, komwe adachikoka kuchokera kudziko lina, mwina sakanamwalira. Zotsatira zake, wodwalayo adakhala masiku asanu “otopetsa” m'chipatala, chifukwa nthawi yomweyo adawonetsetsa kuti ali ndi vuto.
Kodi kuzungulira kwamadzi ndi shuga kwambiri ndi kotani?
Ngati mukusanza kapena kutsegula m'mimba, ndiye kuti muli ndi matenda opatsirana. Zomwe zimayambitsa zingakhalebe ziphe ndi ziphe zina kapena zitsulo zolemera, koma sizokayikitsa. Komanso tidzaganiza kuti chomwe chimayambitsa matenda. Kulikonse komwe kachilomboka kali mthupi - mkamwa, m'matumbo, chala chakutupa kapena china chake - shuga wamwazi atha kupita m'mwamba. Chifukwa chake, poyambira: kachilomboka pakokha kamadzutsa shuga.
Zotsatira zakusanza komanso / kapena kutsekula m'mimba, thupi limataya madzi ake. Madzi am'mimba omwe amapezeka m'matumbo amatsika pansi. Madzi otayika amayenera kusinthidwa mwachangu, ndipo chifukwa cha ichi thupi limagwiritsa ntchito madzi ochokera m'magazi. Izi sizitanthauza kuti m'mimba kapena m'matumbo mumatuluka magazi. Kungokhala kuti maselo amatenga madzi kuchokera m'magazi, ndikuwabwezeretsa pang'ono. Koma izi zikachitika, maselo samamwa glucose owonjezera kuchokera m'magazi. Zotsatira zake, m'magazi mumapezeka madzi ochepa, komanso kuchuluka kwa glucose ofanana. Chifukwa chake, shuga wamagazi amatuluka koposa. Ngati kusanza kapena kutsegula m'mimba kumachitika kangapo motsatizana, ndiye chifukwa cha shuga wambiri komanso kuchepa kwa magazi, magazi a wodwala matenda ashuga amasintha ngati shuga.
Thupi la munthu limalowetsedwa ndi makina owuma amitsempha yamagazi. Kutali kwambiri ziwiya izi ndizoyambira pakatikati, kupendekera kocheperako. Zombo zakutali kwambiri komanso zopapatiza zimatchedwa "zotumphukira", ndiye kuti, kutali ndi pakati. Nthawi iliyonse, magazi ambiri amakhala m'mitsempha yamapazi. Tsoka ilo, ngati magaziwo akula, ndiye kuti zimavutika kuti zimafinya m'mitsempha yopapatiza. Zotsatira zake, zotumphukira zathu sizimaperekedwa ndi mpweya ndi michere, kuphatikizapo insulin ndi glucose. Izi zikuchitika ngakhale kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakwera. M'malo mwake, chifukwa chakuti glucose ndi insulin yochokera m'magazi akhungu sikulowa m'mitsempha yamagalimoto, insulin yolimba imayamba.
Tiziwalo zotumphukira zimayamba kuyamwa glucose wocheperako, ndichifukwa chake kukhazikika kwake m'magazi kumatuluka kwambiri. Mukakhala ndi shuga m'magazi, mumalimbikira kwambiri insulin. Ndipo kukana insulini, kumawonjezera shuga. Impso zimayesanso kuchotsa glucose owonjezera mumkodzo, womwe umapangitsa kukokana pafupipafupi, ndipo izi zimawonjezera madzi am'mimba. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zachitika pakupanga kuzungulira kwamadzi komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndipo gawo lina, lomwe tidzafotokozere pansipa, ndilolumikizana ndi izi.
Glucose ndi insulini yochokera m'magazi sizimafikira. Maselo ali ndi chisankho chovuta - kufa ndi njala kapena kuyamba kugaya mafuta. Onse pamodzi amasankha njira yachiwiri. Komabe, zopangidwa ndi mafuta kagayidwe kake kamapanga zinthu zopangidwa ndi ketones (matupi a ketone). Pamene kuchuluka kwa ma ketones m'magazi kukwera moopsa, chidwi chofuna kukodza chikukulirakulirabe, ndipo madzi am'madzi amapita patsogolo. Mzere wowopsa womwe umatha wodwalayo amasiya kuzindikira, ndipo impso zake zimalephera.
Chachikulu ndichakuti zochitika zomwe tafotokozazi pamwambapa zimatha kuchitika mwachangu, chifukwa cha chikomokere ndi kulephera kwa impso zimachitika patangopita maola ochepa. Zitsanzo za mzimayi yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe tawatchula koyambirira kwa nkhaniyi ndi achimodzimodzi. Kwa madokotala azadzidzidzi, sizachilendo. Tsoka ilo, mwa izi, zimakhala zovuta kuti madokotala abwezeretse momwe wodwalayo amagwirira ntchito. Imfa imafika pa 6-15%, ndipo kulumala kwamtsogolo - pafupipafupi.
Kuthetsa madzi m'thupi kumachitika mchipatala ndi okhazikika. Amayamba kuyika oponya awa mu ambulansi. Koma titha kuchita zambiri kupewa izi. Tiyerekeze kuti mwadzuka pakati pausiku kapena m'mawa kwambiri chifukwa mukusanza kapena kutsegula m'mimba. Zofunika kuchita? Choyamba, ngati muli ndi dokotala "wanu", mumamuyimbireni ndikudziwitse, ngakhale 2 koloko m'mawa. Kuphwanya kapena kutsegula m'mimba kwa wodwala matenda ashuga ndi gawo lalikulu lomwe lingathe kuphwanya ulemu. Kachiwiri, ngati muli ndi matenda mthupi, ndiye kuti mungafunike jakisoni wa insulin kwakanthawi, ngakhale ngati simulimbana ndi matenda a shuga a 2 anu.
Matenda opatsirana nthawi zambiri amawonjezera shuga wamagazi mwa odwala matenda a shuga. Ngakhale ngati simumaba jakisoni wa insulin, ndiye kuti thupi likulimbana ndi matendawa, ndikofunika kuti mutha kuyamba kuchita izi kwakanthawi. Cholinga ndikuchepetsa katundu pama cell a beta anu kapamba, omwe akugwirabe ntchito, ndikuwasunga amoyo. Komanso, jakisoni wa insulini amathandizira kuti magazi a shuga aziwoneka bwino ndipo zimalepheretsa kukula kwamatenda oyipa ndi shuga wambiri.
Maselo a pancreatic beta amafa ambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, izi zimadziwika kuti kawopsedwe ka glucose. Imfa ikaloledwa pa matenda opatsirana, ndiye kuti matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 atha kukhala mtundu 1 wa shuga, kapena mtundu wa matenda a shuga awonjezeka. Chifukwa chake, onse (!) Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa bwino jakisoni wa insulin wopanda ululu ndikukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa akapatsidwa chithandizo.
Tilembapo zomwe zimayambitsa kusowa kwamadzi mu shuga:
- kutsegula m'mimba kapena kusanza kangapo mzere mosatalikirana;
- shuga wamagazi kwambiri;
- kutentha thupi kwambiri, anthu akutuluka thukuta kwambiri
- ndayiwala kumwa madzi okwanira nthawi yotentha kapena nthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi;
- pakati pa ludzu muubongo amakhudzidwa ndi atherosulinosis - okalamba odwala matenda ashuga.
Chizindikiro chachikulu choti shuga ya magazi ndiwambiri ndi ludzu lalikulu, limodzi ndi kukodza pafupipafupi. Panthawi imeneyi, mavuto amadzuka, ngakhale munthu amamwa madzi, chifukwa amakataya ma elekitirodi. Komabe, pali njira zingapo zosavuta zomwe mungatenge kunyumba kuti muchepetse kusokonezeka kwamadzi ndi shuga wambiri.
Matenda a shuga oopsa chifukwa cha shuga
Matenda a diabetesic ketoacidosis ndi hyperosmolar coma ndi zinthu ziwiri zopweteka kwambiri zomwe zimatha kukhala chifukwa cha kuphatikizika kwa madzi m'thupi komanso shuga wambiri.
Matenda a shuga ketoacidosis
Matenda a matenda ashuga ketoacidosis amapezeka mwa anthu omwe kapamba wawo samatulutsa insulin. Awa ndi odwala matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, komanso matenda amtundu wa 2, omwe ataya ntchito zawo. Kuti matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis apangidwe, payenera kukhala chotsika kwambiri cha insulin m'magazi a seramu kuphatikiza insulini chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi ndi madzi am'mimba.
Panthawi imeneyi, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'maselo, komwe nthawi zambiri kumalimbikitsa insulin, kumayima. Kuti akhale ndi moyo, maselo amayamba kugaya mafuta. Zogulitsa za metabolism yamafuta zimadziunjikira - ma ketones (matupi a ketone). Chimodzi mwa mitundu ya matupi a ketone ndi acetone, solvent yotchuka komanso gawo lalikulu la msomali wopukutira misomali. Ma ketoni amatha kupezeka mumkodzo pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zapadera zoyesera, komanso fungo la acetone mumlengalenga. Chifukwa cha fungo la acetone, anthu omwe amwalira chifukwa cha matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa kwa oledzera omwe amamwa kuti asadziwe tanthauzo.
Ngati matupi a ketone amadziunjikira m'magazi kwambiri, ndiye kuti zimakhala ndi poizoni. Impso zimayesetsa kuchotsa thupi lawo mwa kuwachotsa mkodzo. Chifukwa cha izi, kuchepa kwamadzi kumakulirabe. Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis:
- mikwingwirima yoyesera imawonetsa kuti pali ma ketoni ambiri mumkodzo;
- ludzu lalikulu;
- kamwa yowuma
- nseru
- kukodza pafupipafupi;
- kupuma movutikira;
- shuga wamagazi ambiri (nthawi zambiri amakhala pamwamba pa 19.5 mmol / l).
Zizindikiro zonsezi nthawi zambiri zimawoneka nthawi imodzi. Ngati ma ketoni amapezeka mumkodzo, koma shuga wamagazi ndi abwinobwino - osadandaula. Mafuta kagayidwe kake ndikupanga matupi a ketone ndichinthu chabwinobwino, chopatsa thanzi, mwachilengedwe. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, timatha kuutcha mothandizidwa ndi chakudya chamafuta ochepa kuti wodwalayo awotche mafuta omwe amasunga ndikuchepetsa. Palibe chifukwa chochitirapo kanthu mwadzidzidzi ngati kuchuluka kwa ma ketoni mumkodzo kuli kochepa kapena kwapakatikati, pomwe shuga wamagazi sawonjezeka, munthu amamwa madzi okwanira ndipo thanzi lake limakhala labwinobwino.
Hyperosmolar chikomokere
Vutoli linanso lomwe limachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa madzi m'thupi ndi shuga wambiri wamitsempha. Izi ndizovuta kwambiri za matenda ashuga kuposa ketoacidosis. Zimachitika kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga, amene kapamba wake amatulutsa insulin, ngakhale pang'ono. "Hyperosmolar" - amatanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa glucose, sodium ndi chloride kumachulukanso m'magazi, chifukwa chifukwa chakusowa kwamadzi kulibe madzi okwanira kupha zinthuzi. Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la hyperosmolar coma, nthawi yayitali beta-cell imasungidwa kuti thupi lisayambe kugaya mafuta. Koma nthawi imodzimodzi, insulini sikokwanira kuti shuga asungidwe magazi kuchokera pakukwera kwamphamvu kwambiri.
Hyperosmolar coma imasiyana ndi ketoacidosis popeza, ndi iyo, matupi a ketone samapezeka mkodzo wa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga kapena mlengalenga atamalizidwa ndi iye. Monga lamulo, zimachitika mwa odwala okalamba omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, omwe pakati pake pakumva ludzu muubongo amakhudzidwa ndi atherosulinosis yokhudzana ndi zaka. Odwala otere samamva ludzu, motero, panthawi yachipatala, kuchepa kwa thupi kwawo kumakhala kwamphamvu kuposa kutero ndi matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za hyperosmolar chikomokoma ndiko kugona, kusazindikira bwino. Ngati sanachitepo kanthu mwachangu, ndiye kuti agwa. Mwazi wamagazi mwa odwala nthawi zambiri umakhala wapamwamba kuposa 22 mmol / l, komanso umakhala wokwera kwambiri. Milandu yopitilira 83 mmol / L yatchulidwa.
Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga ketoacidosis ndi hyperosmolar chikomokere - madzimadzi m'malo ndi mtsempha wamagazi, komanso mtsempha wa magazi a insulin. Zochitikazo ndi zofanana, koma njira zoyendetsera zake ndizosiyana pang'ono. Werengani zambiri zamankhwala a matenda ashuga ketoacidosis ndi mankhwala a hyperosmolar coma. Kuletsa kuchepa kwamadzi m'malo mwa madziwo kumatsitsanso shuga, ngakhale atakhala ndi insulin. Chifukwa amadzimadzi amasungunula shuga m'magazi, komanso zimapangitsa impso kuti ichotse minyewa yambiri yamafuta ndi ketone mumkodzo.
Matenda a shuga a ketoacidosis ndi hyperosmolar amapezeka mwa odwala omwe ali aulesi kuti azilamulira matenda awo a shuga. Nthawi zambiri amafa amachokera pa 6 mpaka 25%, kutengera zaka komanso momwe thupi la odwala matendawa lilili. Ngati mukuwerenga tsamba lathu, ndiye kuti ndinu wodwala wolimbikitsidwa ndipo mwina simungakumane ndi zovuta izi, pokhapokha ngati muli ndi matenda opatsirana. Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga ketoacidosis ndi hyperosmolar coma zimachitika kokha kuchipatala. Ntchito yathu ndikuchita zochitika zowalepheretsa, osazipanga mopambanitsa. Izi zikutanthauza - onani dokotala msanga pazoyambitsa matenda, komanso njira zanyumba kuti muchepetse shuga wamagazi komanso kupewa kutulutsa madzi m'thupi.
Kusanza, kusanza, ndi m'mimba
Mseru, kusanza, ndi kutsekula m'mimba nthawi zambiri zimayamba chifukwa cha bacteria kapena ma virus. Nthawi zina amakhala ndi zizindikiro ngati chimfine. Ngati muli ndi nseru, kusanza komanso / kapena kutsekula m'mimba, ndiye njira yofunikira ndiyo kusiya kudya. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zambiri kulibe chakudya. Mutha kukhala ndi moyo masiku ochepa popanda chakudya. Poterepa, muyenera kupitilirabe kumwa madzi ndi madzi ena omwe alibe chakudya. Funso limabuka - kodi kusala kudya kumasintha bwanji kuchuluka kwa mapiritsi a insulin ndi shuga?
Odwala omwe amaliza mtundu wa 1 wa chithandizo cha matenda a shuga kapena mtundu wachiwiri wa chithandizo cha matenda ashuga amawonjezera insulini kokha kuti azikhala ndi shuga. Tikatha kudya, timayendetsa shuga m'magazi ndi insulin yochepa kapena yochepa kwambiri.Pakusintha kwa kayendedwe ka kusala kudya panthawi ya matenda, jakisoni wofulumira yemwe adadyedwa asanadutse, ndikuwonjezera insulin m'mawa ndipo / kapena madzulo akupitilizabe monga mwa masiku onse. Akuti mukubaya insulin yochulukirapo kuposa momwe mungafunikire kuti shuga osatha azisala. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuwerengera pasadakhale kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawo molingana ndi njira yomwe tafotokozera apa.
Ndi mapiritsi a shuga - chinthu chomwecho. Mapiritsi omwe mumatenga usiku kapena m'mawa kuti muchepetse kusala kudya, pitilizani. Mapiritsi omwe amatengedwa musanadye - osakhalitsa ndi chakudya. Mapiritsi ndi insulin, omwe amayendetsa shuga m'magazi, amayenera kupitilizidwa muyezo waukulu. Izi sizimalola shuga wamagazi "kuchepa mphamvu" ndikukhala ndi matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis kapena hyperosmolar coma - zovuta zakupha za matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chake, kwa odwala omwe akupanga pulogalamu yothana ndi matenda a shuga 1 kapena pulogalamu yachiwiri ya matenda ashuga, zimakhala zosavuta kusintha njira zawo zochiritsira nthawi yayitali chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana komanso kufa ndi njala. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe amathandizidwa ndi njira zovomerezeka komanso kupaka jekeseni wamkulu wa insulin amakhala ndi mavuto ambiri.
Monga mukudziwa, matenda ndi kusowa kwamadzi kumapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Chiwopsezo chotenga madzi osokoneza thupi ndi shuga wambiri amakhalabe, ngakhale mukufa ndi njala. Ngati shuga m'magazi atakwera, ndiye kuti ayenera kubwezeretsedwa mwachangu mothandizidwa ndi jakisoni wa insulin mwachangu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake timalimbikira kuti onse odwala matenda ashuga azitha kugwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wosapweteka wa insulini, ngakhale atakhala kuti sanazichitira bwino. Pa matenda opatsirana, jakisoni wakanthawi kochepa wa insulin ndiwothandiza komanso wofunikira kwambiri.
Jakisoni wa insulin panthawi ya matenda amatha kuchepetsa katundu pama cell a pancreatic beta ndikuwasunga amoyo. Zimatengera kuti nthawi ya shuga imayamba kutha mukachira matendawa. Ngati simunakonzekere pasadakhale kuti mupeze insulin yanu kwakanthawi mukamalandira chithandizo, ndiye kuti mufunsane ndi dokotala kuti apange dongosolo la mankhwala a insulini ndikuphunzitsani momwe mungadzibweretsere nokha. Mukanyalanyaza izi, ndiye kuti pali zovuta zambiri kuti matendawa azikula, chifukwa ma cell a beta "atha". Choyipa chachikulu, matenda ashuga ketoacidosis kapena hyperosmolar coma akhoza kuyamba.
Timalongosola mwachidule momwe shuga imakhazikika pothandizidwa ndi jakisoni wa insulin mwachangu matenda opatsirana. Muyenera kuyeza shuga ndi glucometer m'mawa mutadzuka, komanso maola 5 aliwonse. Ikani mulingo wokwanira wa ultrashort kapena insulini yochepa kuti mubweretse shuga ngati yatukulidwa. Muyenera kuyeza shuga m'magazi ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, jekeseni insulin mwachangu maola 5 aliwonse, ngakhale usiku! Kuti muchite izi, khalani ndi koloko ya alamu kuti mudzuke pakati pausiku, mwachangu kumaliza zochitika zonse ndi kugona. Ngati muli ofooka kwambiri mwakuti simungathe kuyeza shuga ndi kubayira insulin, ndiye kuti wina ayenera kutero. Izi zitha kukhala wachibale wanu kapena wondithandizira.
Ndi mapiritsi ati omwe ndiyenera kumwa
Mankhwala ambiri otchuka amalimbikitsa kuchepa thupi kapena ngakhale kufooketsa ntchito kwa impso kwakanthawi. Pa matenda opatsirana a shuga, kayendetsedwe kake amayenera kuyimitsidwa, kwakanthawi. Mndandanda wakuda umaphatikizapo mapiritsi oponderezedwa - okodzetsa, zoletsa za ACE, angiotensin-II receptor blockers. Komanso, musatenge mankhwala omwe si a antiidal a antiidal - ibuprofen ndi ena. Mwambiri, kambiranani zamankhwala zomwe mukumwera ndi adotolo omwe adakupangira.
Momwe mungapewere kusanza
Pofuna kupewa kuchepa kwa madzi, muyenera kumwa madzi amadzimadzi, kuphatikizapo njira zamchere. Koma ngati mukusanza mosalekeza, ndiye kuti madziwo sadzakhala ndi nthawi yokumba. Ngati masoka 1-2 atatha kusanza, ndiye kuti siowopsa, komabe dziwitsani dokotala. Ngati kusanza kukupitiliza, imbani ambulansi nthawi yomweyo kuti agonekere kuchipatala. Kuwonongeratu zakupha! Ku chipatala, akatswiri adzaona momwe angaletsere kusanza, ndipo koposa zonse - mothandizidwa ndi omwe akusiya, adzakujambulani ndi ma electrolyte amadzimadzi komanso ofunikira. Sitilimbikitsanso kumwa mankhwala aliwonse a antiemetic kunyumba.
Masanzi atasiya, muyenera kuyamba kumwa madzi kuti musinthe madzi omwe atayika m'thupi ndi kupewa kutaya madzi m'thupi. Imwani nthawi zonse, koma pang'ono ndi pang'ono, kuti musatambasule makhoma am'mimba komanso osasanza. Ndikofunikira kuti amadzimadzi azikhala ndi kutentha pafupi ndi kutentha kwa thupi - ndiye kuti azitha kumamwa nthawi yomweyo. Kodi madzi abwino kwambiri ndi otani pamenepa? Kodi mumamwa zochuluka motani? Madzi oyenera a inu muyenera kukwaniritsa zinthu zitatu:
- siziyenera kukhala china chake chomwe sukukonda;
- zakumwa zokha zopanda mafuta osokoneza bongo ndizoyenera, pomwe zotsekemera zopanda mafuta zimaloledwa;
- madzimadzi ayenera kukhala ndi ma electrolyte - sodium, potaziyamu ndi ma chloride - kuti alipire ndalama zomwe adataya zomwe zidachitika munthawi ya kusanza kapena kutsegula m'mimba.
Mutha kumwa tiyi ya zitsamba, madzi opanda kapena mchere, ndipo ngati ndi nthawi yoti muyambe kudya, ndiye kuti msuzi wamphamvu wa nyama wopanda mafuta. Madzi onsewa amatha ndipo ayenera kukhala "opitilizidwa" ndi ma elekitirodi ena owonjezera. Pa lita iliyonse, onjezerani supuni ya 0,5-1 yopanda mchere wa tebulo, ndipo mutha kuthanso ¼ supuni ya potaziyamu ya potaziyamu. Ichi ndi cholowa chamchere chomwe chimagulitsidwa ku pharmacy. Mchere wamtambo umapereka thupi ndi sodium ndi chloride, ndipo potaziyamu mankhwala enaake amapatsanso potaziyamu wofunikira. Ngati kusanza kumatha pambuyo pa ma episode a 1-2, ndiye kuti ma elekitirodi a electrolyte sangawonjezedwe kwa madzi. Osagwiritsa ntchito ufa wa electrolyte wokonzedwa ngati ali ndi shuga.
Mukasala kudya, madzi akumwa tsiku lililonse azikhala 48 ml pa kilogalamu imodzi ya kulemera kwa thupi. Kwa munthu wolemera makilogalamu 62, ndiye pafupifupi malita atatu patsiku. Kwa anthu okulirapo - zochulukirapo. Ngati kuchepa kwamadzi ndi electrolyte kumachitika chifukwa cha kutsegula m'mimba kapena kusanza, ndiye kuti malita ochepa owonjezera amafunika kuti aledzere pasanathe maola 24 kuti abwezeretsere izi. Mwambiri, pamatenda opatsirana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, muyenera kumwa osati zochuluka, koma kwambiri. Ngati simungathe kapena kuiwalako kumwa nthawi, muyenera kubayiratu madzi kuchipatala ndi omwe amasiya magazi kuti muchotsere madzi m'thupi.
Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu wodwala matenda ashuga agonekedwa m'chipatala kuti muchiritse kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi ndi omwe amathira magazi, vuto lotsatirali lingachitike. Ogwira ntchito zamankhwala adzafuna kupereka njira zamkati zamagetsi yokhala ndi shuga, fructose, lactose, kapena shuga wina yemwe amavulaza matenda a shuga. Osazilola kuchita izi. Tsimikizani kuti madokotala amapereka ma electrolyte njira popanda glucose kapena shuga wina. China chake chikachitika, kulumikizana ndi oyang'anira ndikuwopsezerani kuti mukadandaula ku Unduna wa Zaumoyo. Madzi amkati ndi ma electrolyte ndiofunikira kwambiri, chothandiza komanso chofunikira ... komabe, kwa iwo omwe amachiza matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amakhala ndi zakudya zamagulu ochepa, ndizofunikira kuti yankho lake lisakhale ndi shuga kapena shuga wina.
Kutsegula m'mimba ndi momwe mungachitire bwino
Choyamba, tikuwonetsa kuti kutsegula m'mimba ndi magazi ndipo / kapena kuphatikiza ndi kutentha kwambiri kumafunikira kuchipatala msanga. Mutha kuyesa kuthandizidwa kunyumba pokhapokha ngati mulibe magazi kapena kutentha kwambiri kwa thupi. Chithandizo chili ndi zigawo zitatu:
- magazi shuga;
- kuwongolera m'mimba kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka kwa madzimadzi ndi ma elekitirodi;
- m'malo madzimadzi ndi ma elekitirodi otaika kale kuti tipewe kuchepa kwamadzi ndi shuga wambiri.
Kuwongolera shuga kumayendedwe kumachitika chimodzimodzi monga kusanza, ndipo tafotokozera kale pamwambapa. Ndi kulowetsedwa kwa madzimadzi ndi ma electrolyte - chinthu chomwecho, pokhapokha ngati m'mimba mungathe kuwonjezera supuni imodzi popanda slider ya siliva pa lita iliyonse yamadzi. Chithandizo chachikulu cha kutsegula m'mimba, monga kusanza, ndiko kusiya kudya. Ngati mumwa mankhwala aliwonse am'mimba, ndiye okhawo omwe amavomerezedwa ndi dokotala. Werengani "Mankhwala ochizira matenda am'mimba (matenda otsegula m'mimba) a shuga."
Ngati kutsegula m'mimba kumayendera ndi kutentha kapena mafuta am'magazi - musaganize za kumwa mankhwala aliwonse, koma pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.
Kutentha kwambiri
Kutentha kwambiri kumayambitsa kusowa kwamphamvu kwamadzi, chifukwa munthu amatuluka thukuta kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwazomwe zimatayika ndizovuta kuyerekezera, kotero timangolimbikitsa kumwa malita awiri amadzi patsiku kuposa masiku onse. Kutentha kwamphamvu kwa thupi kumathandizira kuti ma virus kapena mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa matenda opatsirana. Ngati nthawi yomweyo munthu amagona kuposa masiku onse, ndiye kuti izi zimathandizanso kuchira. Koma ndi matenda a shuga, kugona kugona kungakhale koopsa, chifukwa kumasokoneza njira zofunika - maola asanu aliwonse kuti muyeza magazi, ngati kuli kofunikira, perekani jakisoni wa insulin, kumwa madzi, kuyitanira dokotala. Khazikitsani alamu kuti mudzuke kamodzi pa ola lililonse.
Timasamala kwambiri ma antipyretics. Mlingo wofunikira wa aspirin kapena mankhwala osapatsirana a antiidal (ibuprofen ndi ena) angayambitse kwambiri hypoglycemia. Ndikosayenera makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a maguluwa pama kutentha kwambiri ana. Kuphatikizidwa kwa mankhwala osapweteka a anti-yotupa omwe amachititsa kuti munthu asowe magazi kungapangitse kulephera kwa impso. Mapiritsi a antisteroidal odana ndi kutupa amakhala osayenera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la impso.
Pa kutentha kwambiri, muyenera kuwongolera shuga ndi kumwa zakumwa monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa popewa kusanza ndi kutsegula m'mimba. Pali phanga limodzi. Ndikulumbira, kutayika kwa ma electrolyte ndizochepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati palibe kusanza komanso / kapena kutsekula m'mimba, ndiye kuti simungathe kuwonjezera njira zamchere pazakumwa zomwe wodwala amamwa. Ngati simukumva njala, ndiye kuti musadye. Ngati muli ndi njala, mwina окажется kapena 1/2 ya zakudya zanu zamasiku onse zidzakukwanire. Jekeseni 1/4 kapena ½ mwazomwe mumakonda kulandira insulin musanadye.
Kuthetsa Matenda a shuga: Zopeza
Monga hypoglycemia, kuchepa magazi kumatha kukhala matenda osokoneza bongo. Chifukwa chake, achibale a wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuphunzira bwino nkhaniyi. Masheya omwe atchulidwa munkhani ya “zida zothandizira anthu oyamba. Zomwe mukufunikira kuti mukhale ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kunyumba komanso nanu ”ziyenera kugulidwa pasadakhale ndikukhala pamalo osavuta kufikako. Apanso, tikulimbikitsa odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri kuti adziwe luso la jakisoni wosapweteka ndikuwunika momwe ma insulin osiyanasiyana amakukhudzirani. Izi ziyenera kuchitika pasadakhale, ngakhale mutha kuwongolera shuga anu ndi chakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso mapiritsi.
Itanani dokotala wanu chizindikiro choyamba cha kutentha, kusanza, kapena kutsekula m'mimba. Munthu wodwala matenda ashuga akamalandira chithandizo chamankhwala, amakhala kuti amatha kupewa kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi, matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis, kapena hyperosmolar coma. Madzi akayamba kale, mankhwalawo amakhala ovuta kwambiri. Dotolo amadziwa izi bwino, kotero sangasamale ngati mumusokonezeranso ndikuyitanitsa pasadakhale.
Dokotala mwina adzafunsanso ngati pali ma ketoni mumkodzo, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, mumatupa ati. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyesa mkodzo ndi timiyeso ta ketone musanayitane adokotala. Ngati simukudya chilichonse, ndiye kuti timizere tina tomwe tingaonetse kuti pali ma ketoni mumkodzo wocheperako kapena wapakati. Ngati ma ketoni mumkodzo akaphatikizidwa ndi shuga wabwinobwino wamagazi, ndiye kuti palibe chodandaula. Matenda a shuga a ketoacidosis amayenera kuthandizidwa pokhapokha shuga amakwezedwa mpaka 10 mmol / L kapena kuposerapo. Ngati mwakhala mukumwa mankhwala a aspirin kwa maola 24, muyenera kumuuza dokotala za izi chifukwa ma aspirin angayambitse matenda obwera chifukwa cha mkodzo wabwinobwino.
Matenda omwe samayambitsa madzi am'madzi
Matenda ambiri samakhala ndi vuto lakusowa madzi m'thupi, koma pafupifupi onsewo amawonjezera shuga m'magazi. Matenda opatsirana amayambitsa zizindikiro zomwe zimatha kusiyanitsidwa mosavuta. Ngati muli ndi matenda a kwamkodzo thirakiti, pamakhala kumva koyaka mukakodza. Bronchitis amawonetsedwa ndi kutsokomola, ndi zina zotero. Zonsezi ndizizindikiro zomveka bwino zochokera ku thupi kuti chisamaliro chachipatala chofunikira chikufunika. Chifukwa ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 kapena mtundu 1 wa shuga wofatsa, ndiye kuti simukufuna kuti maselo anu ochepa otsala a beta afe.
Zofanana ndi izi ndizakuti wodwala matenda amtundu wa 2 amawona kuti ali ndi nthenda yotupa kwamkodzo. Koma amaimitsa nthawi yochezera urologist ndipo samachiritsidwa. Zotsatira zake, shuga yamagazi ake imakwera kwambiri mpaka ma cell otsala a beta "amawotcha". Zitatha izi, matenda a shuga amitundu iwiri amadutsa mtundu 1 wa shuga, ndipo tsopano wodwalayo ayenera kupanga jakisoni 5 wa insulin tsiku lililonse. Choyipa chachikulu, kutenga matenda a kwamikodzo popanda chithandizo mosamala kumayambitsanso impso, kenako "bokosi lakuda" likungofika pakona.
Matenda obisika nthawi zambiri amapezeka omwe samayambitsa matenda ena alionse kupatula shuga wosadziwika bwino. Ngati shuga akukulitsidwa kwa masiku angapo ndipo insulini imachita zoyipa kuposa masiku onse, ndiye iyi ndi nthawi yolankhula ndi dokotala. Zikatero, zimapezeka kuti wodwalayo walowa m'madzi chifukwa cha kusungidwa kosayenera kapena kugwiritsanso ntchito ma syringes, kapena matenda atayamba pakamwa.
Kupewa komanso kuchiza mavuto a mano
Matenda a pakamwa ndi omwe ali ndi vuto lathanzi kwambiri. Bacteria mkamwa imakhudza chingamu, mizu ya mano komanso mafupa a m'nsagwada. Ngati matenda a shuga sawongoleredwa bwino ndipo shuga amakhala magazi okwanira, ndiye kuti izi zimapangitsa kuti mabakiteriya akhale pakamwa. Ndipo kenaka matenda amkamwa amatulutsa shuga m'magazi ndipo amachepetsa mphamvu ya thupi ku insulin. Ichi ndichitsanzo china cha kuzungulira koyipa.
Chifukwa chake, ngati magazi a m'magazi amakhala osakhazikika kwa masiku angapo, ndiye kuti chifukwa choyamba chimakhala chakuti insulini idayamba kufooka, makamaka chifukwa chogwiritsanso ntchito ma syringe enanso. Ngati insulin ilidi yachilendo, ndiye kuti wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kupita kwa asing'anga mano posachedwa. Pofufuza komwe angapezeko matenda, dokotalayo amasanthula mano ndikulowetsa mpweya wowondera padz dzino lililonse. Ngati kupweteka kukuwonetsa kuti dzino limakonda kuzizira, ndiye kuti ili ndi matenda komanso kutupa. Kupitanso apo, dotolo wamano amachiza yekha dzino kapena atumiza wodwala kwa akatswiri m'mano.
Kumbukirani kuti kuwongoletsa mano kumayiko olankhula Russia ndi, motsatira mayiko, ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri komanso nthawi yomweyo ali apamwamba kwambiri, pafupifupi kuposa Kumadzulo. Anthu anzeru ochokera kumeneko amabwera kuno makamaka kuti adzagwiritse mano awo. Chifukwa chake, timachita manyazi kuyenda ndi mano owola. Amaganiziranso kuti kachilombo komwe kamakhala mkamwa kumafalikira kudzera m'mitsempha yamagazi mthupi lonse ndikukulitsa chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima, kuwononga makoma amitsempha yamagazi kuchokera mkati. Malingaliro awa sanatsimikizidwebe bwinobwino, koma akatswiri ochulukirapo akutsimikizira izi. Osanena kuti mavuto amano amachititsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuthana ndi matenda a shuga.
Kutsiliza: pezani dotolo wamano wabwino, ndipo kuli bwino pasadakhale, pang'onopang'ono, mano anu akadali opweteka. Mukufuna dotolo wamano yemwe:
- wodziwa bwino luso lake;
- amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zodzaza;
- sichimapulumutsa ma pinkiller;
- musanagwire zilonda zamkamwa, mumayesa mayeso;
- ali ndi chilengedwe mwachilengedwe.
Anthu onse amalangizidwa kuti azikaonana ndi dotolo wamano miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse ya prophylactically. Mu matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kuchita izi kamodzi pakatha miyezi itatu.Pamaulendo amenewa, zolembera ndi mwala womwe udapangidwepo umachotsedwa pam mano. Iyi ndiye njira yabwino yopewera matenda opatsirana zamkati. Muyeneranso kutsuka mano anu kawiri patsiku, mukatha kudya kadzutsa komanso usiku, ndipo iliyonse mukatha kudya, gwiritsirani ntchito maluwa.
Tsoka ilo, shuga wokwezeka amatha kupitilira miyezi ingapo kuchokera pamene matenda onse amkamwa atachiritsidwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mukufunikirabe kumwa maantibayotiki, omwe dotolo wamano angakupatseni. Ngati maantibayotiki ena sagwira ntchito, ndiye kuti amabwezeranso wina. Maantibayotiki othandiza kapena ayi - izi zitha kumveka mwa kusintha kwa shuga ndi magazi anu. Ndikofunikanso kutenga kukonzekera komwe kumayikidwa limodzi ndi maantibayotiki kuti muthane ndi mabakiteriya opindulitsa m'matumbo am'mimba omwe amafa limodzi ndi mabakiteriya oyipa chifukwa cha maantibayotiki.
