Umisiri wa Majini a Anthu a Insulin Isofan

Mankhwala amakono amapereka mankhwala ambiri omwe cholinga chake ndi kuchiza matenda ashuga.

Mankhwala ozikidwa pazinthu zatsopano akupangidwa kuti atsimikizire kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino kwa odwala ambiri momwe angathere. Mwa ndalama izi, mankhwala monga insulin Isofan ayenera kuganiziridwa.

Zambiri, zikuonetsa kuti mugwiritse ntchito

Chida chimenecho ndi cha gulu la insulin. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuthana ndi mawonetsero a shuga mellitus a fomu yodalira insulin.

Amapangidwa ngati mawonekedwe a kuyimitsa jakisoni, chigawo chogwira ntchito chomwe ndi insulin yaumunthu. Kukula kwake kumakhazikitsidwa paukadaulo wa maumboni a DNA. Mankhwala amakhala pafupifupi nthawi yayitali.

Monga mankhwala ambiri m'gululi, Isofan iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha adotolo azikulimbikitsani. Kuwerengera molondola kwa mankhwalawa ndikofunikira kuti musayambitse chiwopsezo cha hypoglycemia. Chifukwa chake, odwala ayenera kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo.

Yambani kugwiritsa ntchito chida ichi pokhapokha ngati pakufunika kutero. Dokotala yemwe amapezekapo nthawi zambiri amamuunikira kuti atsimikizire ngati mankhwalawo ali oyenera komanso pakakhala kuti pali zotsutsana.

Imafotokozedwa ngati:

• mtundu 1 matenda a shuga;
• lembani matenda ashuga a 2 shuga (ngati palibe zotsatira zochokera pakumwa mankhwala ena omwe ali ndi vuto la hypoglycemic kapena ngati zotsatirazi ndizochepa kwambiri);
• chitukuko cha matenda ashuga okhudzana ndi mimba (pomwe shuga sangathe kuwongolera ndi chakudya).

Koma ngakhale kukhala ndi matenda oyenera sizitanthauza kuti mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ali ndi zolakwika zingapo, ngakhale ndizochepa.

Kuletsa kokhazikika kumagwira ntchito kokha kwa odwala omwe ali ndi tsankho limodzi ndi mankhwalawa. M'pofunikanso kusamala posankha mlingo wa odwala omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chowonjezera cha hypoglycemia.

Pali mankhwala angapo omwe amachokera ku chinthu chotchedwa Isofan. M'malo mwake, ndi mankhwala amodzi ndi amodzi. Zomwezo ndizomwe zimapangidwira mu mankhwalawa, zimakhala ndizotsatira zoyipa ndi zotsutsana, kusiyana kumatha kuwonedwa pokhapokha pazomwe zimaphatikizira komanso dzina la malonda. Ndiye kuti, awa ndi mankhwala ofanana.

Zina mwa izo ndi:

• Protafan;
• Humulin;
• Tidzazitsogolera;
• Gensulin;
• Insuran.

Ndalamazi ndi fanizo la Isofan popanga. Ngakhale kufanana kwawo, wodwala yemweyo akhoza kukhala wovuta kugwiritsa ntchito iliyonse ya iwo, ndipo posankha mankhwala ena, zovuta izi zimatha. Nthawi zina muyenera kuyesa mankhwala angapo musanasankhe omwe ali othandiza kwambiri pankhani inayake.

Zotsatira za pharmacological

Zotsatira zowonetsera pathupi ndikuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi. Izi zimatheka chifukwa cholumikizana ndi ma membrane cell membrane, pomwe insulin receptor complex imapangidwa.

Maofesi ngati amenewa amathandizira kuti magwiridwe antchito a intracellular njira komanso kaphatikizidwe ka michere. Kuchuluka kwa shuga kumachepetsedwa chifukwa chothamanga kwambiri kayendedwe kake pakati pa maselo.

Izi zimathandizira kuti zimatengeke ndi minofu ndi ziwalo. Poterepa, insulin imachepetsa kupanga shuga m'magazi. Komanso mchikakamizo chake, kupanga mapuloteni kumatheka, njira za glycogenogeneis ndi lipogenesis zimayendetsedwa.

Kutalika kwa mankhwalawa kumatengera momwe chinthucho chimagwirira ntchito mwachangu. Izi zimakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, njira yoyendetsera ndi tsamba la jakisoni. Chifukwa cha izi, mawonekedwe amomwe mankhwalawo ali osakhazikika. Zizindikiro zakuchita zitha kusiyanasiyana osati mwa anthu osiyanasiyana, komanso mwa wodwala m'modzi. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amayamba kuchita pambuyo pake patatha maola 1.5 jekeseni. Chiwongola dzanja chake chimawonekera mkati mwa maola 4-12. Mankhwalawa akupitiliza kukhudza wodwala pafupifupi tsiku limodzi.

Kuyamba kwake ndi ntchito ya kutsitsimutsa kumatsimikizidwanso ndi mlingo, ndende ya yogwira mankhwala ndi malo a jekeseni. Kugawitsako sikofanana. Thupi limalephera kulowa mu zotchinga, komanso mkaka wa m'mawere. Kuwonongeka kwa Isofan kumachitika mu impso ndi chiwindi, chimbudzi cha ambiri amachitidwa ndi impso.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira pakupambana mankhwalawa ndikutsatira malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa. Kuphwanya kwawo kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zovuta mu mawonekedwe a zovuta. Ichi ndichifukwa chake saloledwa kudzipanga pawokha kusintha kwa ndandanda ya mankhwala yomwe adokotala adayambitsa.

Isofan insulin imapangidwira majakisoni amkati (nthawi zina, jakisoni wa intramuscular amagwiritsidwa ntchito). Ndikofunika kuti muwachite musanadye chakudya cham'mawa. Pafupipafupi jakisoni ndi nthawi 1-2 patsiku, ndipo nthawi yakukwaniritsa ikuyenera kukhala yomweyo.

Mlingo wa mankhwalawa amasankhidwa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuganizira zaka za wodwalayo, kuchuluka kwa chidwi ndi insulin, ndi zina. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kusintha jakisoni popanda malangizo a dokotala sikuvomerezeka.

Chofunikira china chogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa ndikusankha malo a jakisoni. Sayenera kuchitika mbali yomweyo ya thupi, chifukwa izi zimatha kuyambitsa chisokonezo pakupezeka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwira. Jekeseni paphewa, malo achikazi ndi gluteal amaloledwa. Mutha kuyikiranso mankhwalawo kukhoma kwamkati.

Phunziro la kanema pa njira yothandizira kuperekera insulin pogwiritsa ntchito cholembera:

Zochita Zosiyanasiyana

Kupezeka kwa zotsatira zoyipa kuchokera ku insulin Isofan sikwachilendo, ngati mutsatira malamulowo. Koma ngakhale ndi mwambo wawo, kuthekera kwa mawonekedwe oyipa amakanena.

Nthawi zambiri zimachitika:

1. Hypoglycemia. Mawonekedwe ake amayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kapena kuchuluka kwa insulin. Zotsatira zake zitha kukhala kusazindikira, kukokana, kupweteka mutu, nseru. M'madera ovuta kwambiri, wodwala amafunika kuthandizidwa mwachangu.
2. Ziwengo. Musanalembe mankhwala, kuyesedwa kwa zinthu zomwe zikuyenera kugwira ntchito kuyenera kuchitidwa. Koma ngakhale machitidwe osamala, nthawi zina thupi limakumana ndi vuto lotupa kapena edema ya Quincke. Choopsa kwambiri ndi mantha a anaphylactic.
3. Zizindikiro zakomweko. Amapezeka kumalo opangira jakisoni. Mawonetsedwe akulu amatha kutchedwa kuyabwa, redness ndi kutupa kwa khungu. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika pokhapokha ngati chithandizo chachitika, ndipo zimadutsa thupi litazolowera mankhwalawo.

Vuto la mankhwala osokoneza bongo, wodwalayo amatha kuchepa kwambiri shuga m'magazi, omwe amachititsa hypoglycemia. Njira zoletsa izi zimadalira kuuma kwake. Nthawi zina kuchipatala ndi mankhwala zingafunike.

Kuchita ndi malingaliro ofunikira

Isofan insulin iyenera kuphatikizidwa molondola ndi mankhwala ena. Popeza matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta ndi matenda ena, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana.

Koma si onse omwe ali oyenererana. Mankhwala ena amatha kukulitsa zotsatira za wina ndi mnzake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi bongo wambiri komanso mavuto ake.

Pogwirizana ndi Isofan, othandizira otere ndi:

• MAO ndi ACE zoletsa;
• beta-blockers;
• tetracyclines;
• anabolic steroids;
• othandizira omwe ali ndi hypoglycemic;
• mankhwala okhala ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa;
• sulfonamides, etc.

Nthawi zambiri, madokotala amayesetsa kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a insulin komanso mankhwala omwe alembedwa. Koma ngati izi sizingatheke, ndikofunikira kusintha Mlingo wa onse.

Pali mankhwala omwe, m'malo mwake, amachepetsa mphamvu ya mankhwalawo mukufunsidwa, ndikupangitsa chithandizo kukhala chothandiza.

Izi zikuphatikiza:

• okodzetsa;
• glucocorticoids;
• njira zakulera za mahomoni;
• Mitundu ina ya mankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa.

Ngati ndi kotheka, atenge nthawi yomweyo ndi insulin, muyenera kusankha mlingo woyenera.

Kusamala kuyeneranso kuonedwa pokhudzana ndi salicylates ndi reserpine, yomwe imatha kukhala yolimbikitsa komanso yofooketsa.

Mukamamwa mankhwalawa, muyenera kusiya kumwa pafupipafupi. Kumayambiriro kwa mankhwala a insulin, kuwongolera njirayi kuyenera kupewedwa, chifukwa chidwi cha wodwalayo komanso kuthamanga kwake kungakhale kovuta.

Sinthani mankhwalawa ndi wina popanda chidziwitso cha dokotala sayenera kukhala. Ngati mukumva zosasangalatsa, muyenera kumuuza katswiri za iwo ndipo limodzi naye kuti mupeze mankhwala omwe ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito.