Poyerekeza ndi matenda ashuga, matenda enanso ambiri amapanga. Awa ndi matenda owopsa omwe nthawi yayitali (nthawi zambiri samazindikira) shuga pamatenda ndi ziwalo za wodwalayo zimabweretsa kuphwanya kapangidwe kake ndi ntchito zake.
Chimodzi mwazovuta zodziwika bwino za matenda "okoma" ndi matenda a pakhungu.
Chifukwa chiyani thupi limayimba ndi matenda ashuga?
Asayansi ndi madotolo amavomereza kuti anthu onse atatha zaka 45 ayenera kuyesedwa pafupipafupi kwa matenda ashuga, makamaka iwo omwe ali ndi vuto la chibadwa kapena onenepa kwambiri, popeza 90% ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga kumayambiriro kwa matendawa ndi onenepa kwambiri.
Ngati izi sizinachitike, zotsatirapo zake zitha kukhala zosayembekezereka monga "mwadzidzidzi" zimayamba kwambiri matenda a impso, ziwalo zamasomphenya, mtima wam'mimba, mtima, komanso kuwonongeka kwa khungu.
Choyambirira, matenda ashuga amatsogolera pakuwonongeka kwa zomwe zidayamba ndi ntchito za ziwalo zakunja za thupi - khungu. Pang'onopang'ono, imataya mawonekedwe ake achilengedwe ndipo ilibenso chitetezo chokwanira kuchikoka champhamvu cha chilengedwe ndi zochitika zam'mlengalenga. Pamaso pake pakhungu limaleka kulandira magazi okwanira, ndipo ndi michereyo, mpweya. Mavuto ena amakula pang'onopang'ono.
“Wameza” woyamba wa mavuto obwera kumene ndi khungu la kuyamwa.
Chifukwa chakuti kwa nthawi yayitali pali shuga wambiri m'magazi, chitani izi:
- Microangiopathy, ndiko kuti, kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zazing'ono za impso (nephropathy) ndi maso (retinopathy).
- Macroangiopathy, awa akuphatikizapo matenda a mtima, angina pectoris, kulowerera m'mitsempha, kulephera kwa mtima.
Kuphatikiza apo, khungu limakhudzanso zakusintha zonse zowononga zomwe zimachitika mkati mwa thupi. Imasiya kukhala yothira mokwanira, ma microcracks, kuyamwa kuwoneka pamtunda. Zonsezi zimakwiyitsa maonekedwe a kuyabwa, nthawi zina mwamphamvu zokwanira, zomwe zimabweretsa kudwala komanso kusasangalala.
Matenda a pakhungu ndi matendawa
Ngati simukuyankha pakapita nthawi chifukwa cha matenda oyamba a shuga ndipo simuyamba kulandira chithandizo, zovuta zake zimakulirakulira ndikukula kwambiri.
Matenda a matenda ashuga
Ichi ndi matenda osowa, owonetsedwa ndi kuuma (kukula) kwa khungu chifukwa chochulukitsa collagen, imodzi mwama protein akulu a pakhungu, komanso kudzikundikira kwakepi lathupi lathupi. Izi zimakhudzidwa makamaka ndikusintha koyipa chifukwa cha shuga wambiri. Collagen amayamba kuchepa kwambiri, osalumikizana bwino ndi mamolekyulu amadzi, omwe amakhudza nthawi yomweyo khungu. Imataya katundu wake woyambirira, imakhala youma osati yotanuka.
Matendawa nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Syndrome la a Raynaud. Ozizira, nthawi yovuta, zotengera zazing'ono m'mphepete zimachepa kwambiri, khungu paiwo limakhala loyera, kupweteka ndi dzanzi limawonekera.
- Kutupa kwa manja ndi zala.
- Kutupa kumadera ena khungu.
- Kutopa kwa khungu kumanja, nkhope, kuzungulira pakamwa, kumapeza mthunzi wowoneka bwino.
Vasoconstriction mu matenda amatha kukhala ochulukirapo kotero kuti kusakwanira kwa magazi nthawi zina kumayambitsa minofu necrosis, nthawi zambiri pazala zam'mphepete.
Mawonekedwe a scleroderma mu chithunzi:
Vitiligo
Ndi matenda amtunduwu, chophimba chimataya pigmentation yake yachilengedwe chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa melanin. Mawonekedwe oyera oyera ndi oyera opindika amawonekera pakhungu (onani chithunzi). Mizu imatha kukhala yamitundu itatu kapena inayi, yabuluu, yodzadza. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhudza anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1.
Zida zamkati, monga lamulo, zimawonekera m'malo oterowo:
- nkhope (kuzungulira pakamwa, pamphuno);
- m'mimba
- bere
- manja
Kuwonongeka ndi kusakwanira kwa melanin, khungu la khungu lomwe limasonkhana m'maselo a khungu, limatha kuyambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo, kusokonezeka kwa chitetezo cha mthupi, njira zowonongeka mu ziwalo zamkati, zomwe, monga lamulo, zimayendera limodzi ndi chitukuko cha matenda ashuga.
Acanthkeratoderma
Dzina lina la matendawa ndi lakuda acanthosis. Pathology imadziwika ndi maonekedwe m'thupi m'mizere ndi m'makhola (maluvu, khosi, zokutira), zala za mitundu yakuda. Amatha kukhala akuonda, kuyabwa, limodzi ndi fungo losasangalatsa.
Monga lamulo, matendawa amayendera anthu omwe ali onenepa kwambiri kapena matenda a shuga. Ambiri omwe ali ndi acanthokeratoderma amayamba kugonjera insulin. Amakhala ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2.
Black acanthosis mu chithunzi:
Atherosulinosis
Matendawa amakhudza dongosolo lonse loyenda mthupi. Pali kuchepetsedwa kwa lumen kwa ziwiya chifukwa cha kukulira ndi kuphatikizika kwa makoma ndi zolembera.
Kuphatikiza ziwiya zowonongeka zomwe zimagwira ntchito yopereka minofu ndi magazi ndi mpweya.
Zotsatira zake, mawonekedwe onsewa amakhala ocheperako, osinthika, ozizira. Magazi omwe akubwera sangathenso kuthana ndi machiritso a mabala ndi zilonda zam'mimba. Amakhalabe osaphunzitsidwa, ali ndi kachilombo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti izi zitheke.
Matenda a shuga
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazovuta zowopsa za matenda ashuga. Amadziwika ndi kutha, kusweka kwathunthu kwamafuta amthupi.
Khungu m'malo awa ndi kuwonda, redness yokhala ndi mbali zomveka zimadziwika pa iye. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikilo zimapezeka kumiyendo kapena kumapazi.
Awa ndi matenda owopsa, chifukwa mafuta amatenga mbali zambiri mthupi. Kuchiritsa kumatenga nthawi yambiri komanso mphamvu, chifukwa kusintha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni mu shuga kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.
Imodzi mwa mitundu ya matendawa ndi insulin lipodystrophy. Ndi matenda a shuga, jakisoni angapo amachitidwa, chifukwa chake, khungu ndi zigawo za subcutaneous zimawonongeka pamalo a jekeseni. Popewa kuwonongeka kwa minofu, tikulimbikitsidwa kusintha magawo a jakisoni.
Mutha kuyika njira ziwiri zosinthira masinthidwe:
- tsiku ndi tsiku;
- sabata.
Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyamba, kusankha malo atsopano jakisoni tsiku lililonse, ndipo pakapita kanthawi chitani zonse mozungulira. Amaloledwa kuchita molingana ndi chiwembu china: ndikabaya kwa sabata limodzi mdera limodzi, kenako ndikusintha kukhala lina. Pakati pa jakisoni apafupi kwambiri, mtunda wa masentimita awiri uyenera kuonedwa.
Matenda a shuga
Pali kuphwanya kayendedwe ka magazi m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwapangidwe, komwe kumapangitsa mawonekedwe a mapapu thupi, kenako malo ofiira amdima.
Malo ozungulira (pakazungulira) khungu limawoneka pamiyendo. Wodwalayo atha kumva kutentha kuyaka, m'malo mwake.
Nthawi zambiri, zotupa za pakhungu zotere zimachitika kwa amuna omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a nthawi yayitali. Palibe kuchira kotero. Amadutsa okha kwa zaka 1-2.
Sclerodactyly
Zimaphatikizidwa ndi kupindika, kukula kwa khungu la manja ndi mapazi, zomwe zimawoneka ngati zosadziwika, zimakhala zolimba, zowuma. Odwala samamva kulumikizana, mafinya ndi khungu.
Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, mawanga ofiira ofiira amawonekera m'mimba mwa ovali, mikwingwirima, komanso kutupa kwa minofu (onani chithunzi). Kenako khungu lomwe limakhala m'malo awa limakhala louma, limapeza mtundu waminyanga ya njovu ndikuwala.
M'mphepete mwa mapangidwewo, kamakhala ngati kansalu kofiirira. Pamapeto omaliza, pakhungu lomwe limayambira matendawa limayamba kufa, ndipo mitundu ya utoto.
Chithandizo cha zotupa ndi matenda akuluakulu a shuga amatha zaka zitatu, kapena kupitirira apo.
Kuyipika kwamphesa
Kuyabwa ndi matenda a shuga nthawi zina kumachitika kokha m'malo ena, mwachitsanzo, mwa akazi omwe ali pafupi kwambiri. M'mapeto akukulidwa kwa ndondomekoyi, dera la inguinal limakutidwa ndi matuza, omwe amatha kudutsa kokha ngati gawo lokwanira la glu m'magazi litha.
Nthawi zambiri, zotsatirazi zimayambitsa mawonekedwe:
- Kufooka kwa chitetezo chathupi kumayambitsa kuoneka kwa mafangasi, ma virus ndi matenda ena opatsirana.
- Chifukwa cha kusalinganika kwa mahomoni ndi shuga wambiri, kuwonongeka kwa khungu pakhungu ndi mucous zimachitika (kuuma, kuchepa pang'ono kwa kunenepa, ma microcracks ndi zolakwika zina).
- Thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ashuga ndi zotsatira zake.
Kuyabwa kosokoneza bongo nthawi zambiri kumachitika ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, kwa nthawi yayitali kungakhale chizindikiro chokhacho chomwe chikuwonetsa kukula kwa matenda oopsa.
Kanema kochokera kwa Dr. Malysheva okhudzana ndi kuyamwa
Kodi mungathane bwanji ndi mavuto?
Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kukumbukira kuti shuga mumkodzo komanso kuperewera kwaukhondo kumayambitsa kuyabwa pamalo owoneka bwino, komanso ndi nthaka yachonde yopanga matenda osiyanasiyana m'derali. Kuphatikiza pa kuwona kuyera kwa thupi, chidwi chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa pakusankhidwa kwa nsalu. Iyenera kukhala yaulere, osayambitsa chisangalalo ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba (95-100% thonje).
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zodzikongoletsera zopanda ndale kapena zotentha zomwe sizimawuma khungu, koma, m'malo mwake, muchepetse. Kugwiritsa ntchito zothimbirira ndi antiseptic zotsatira ziyenera kukhala zosiyanitsa, pokhapokha chifukwa cha kutupa kapena matenda.
Chifukwa chokhala ndi chitetezo chochepa cha odwala matenda ashuga, candidiasis nthawi zambiri imapitirira. Zizindikiro zake ndizosawoneka bwino zotentha kumaliseche, kununkhira kwina, zotupa, redness ya mucous nembanemba, kusapeza bwino komanso kusasangalala.
Ngati papillomas amawoneka pamtundu wa mankhwalawa, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa amatha. Muzochitika zonsezi, pali chithandizo choyenera chophatikizira mafuta osiyanasiyana pakuluma ndi mankhwala ena. Zitha kutsimikizika ndikukhazikitsidwa ndi dokotala, gynecologist kapena dermatologist. Muyenera kulumikizana naye kuti akuthandizeni munthawi yake.
Kuphatikiza pa kuchita ntchito yodziwitsa, ndikofunikira kukumbukira zomwe zinapangitsa kuti zikhale zofanana. Choyambitsa chachikulu cha kuyabwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa khungu (mucous membranes) mu shuga ndikosakhazikika kwa glucose wamagazi. Kungotenga njira zonse zofunikira kuti muthane ndi vutoli ndi komwe kungakwaniritse njira yokhazikika yothandizira kuti khungu lisasokonekere.
Kupewa zotupa
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kukaonana ndi dotolo nthawi kuti pakhale zotupa, kuteteza kufalitsa kwake mthupi lonse.
Kupanda kutero, kusasangalala komwe kumayendera matenda onse amkhungu kumasokoneza thanzi la wodwalayo komanso kudzidalira.
Chisamaliro chachikulu chiyenera kuperekedwa ku ukhondo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito sopo wosavuta wa phula. Imatsuka khungu osati kuichotsa, ndipo imachotsanso mabisiketi a sebaceous ndikuwachepetsa.
Kusamba kosiyanitsa kungathandize kuti magazi azithamanga, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opukutira ndi opatsa thanzi kungathandize kupewa kuwuma komanso kuwawa.
