Thupi la munthu limapangidwa moyenera momwe limagwirira ntchito molingana ndi malamulo ake. Chopanga chilichonse mmenemo chimagwira ntchito yake, chikugwirizana ndi chithunzi chonse.
Kupatuka kulikonse kuchokera pachiwopsezo choyambirira kumatha kubweretsa vuto la dongosolo lonse ndipo chinthu monga glycogen chilinso ndi ntchito zake komanso kuchuluka kwa zochulukirapo.
Kodi glycogen ndi chiyani?
Glycogen mu kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala ndi gawo la chakudya chamagulule, omwe maziko ake ndi glucose, koma mosiyana ndi wowuma, amasungidwa minofu ya nyama, kuphatikiza anthu. Malo akuluakulu omwe glycogen amasungidwa ndi anthu ndi chiwindi, kuphatikiza apo, amadziunjikira mumisempha yamafupa, kuwapatsa mphamvu ntchito yawo.
Udindo waukulu womwe chinthu chimagwira ndi kuphatikizira mphamvu mwaukadaulo wamafuta. Mafuta ambiri akalowa m'thupi, zomwe sizingatheke posachedwa, shuga wambiri ndi gawo la insulin, lomwe limapereka shuga m'maselo, limasandulika kukhala glycogen, yomwe imasunga mphamvu kuti idzagwiritsidwe ntchito mtsogolo.
General chiwembu cha glucose homeostasis
Zomwe zili zosiyana ndi izi: pamene chakudya chamafuta sichikhala chokwanira, mwachitsanzo, pakusala kapena pambuyo pochita zinthu zambiri zolimbitsa thupi, m'malo mwake, chinthucho chimaphwanyidwa ndikusinthidwa kukhala glucose, womwe umalowa mosavuta m'thupi, ndikupereka mphamvu zowonjezera panthawi ya makutidwe ndi okosijeni.
Malangizo a akatswiri amawonetsa kuti pafupifupi 100 mg wa glycogen amakhala ochepa tsiku lililonse, koma ndimatenda olimbitsa thupi komanso amisala, amatha kuchuluka.
Udindo wa chinthu m'thupi la munthu
Ntchito za glycogen ndizosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza pa gawo lothandizira, limasewera maudindo ena.
Chiwindi
Glycogen m'chiwindi amathandizira kukhala ndi shuga wabwinobwino mwa kukhazikitsa kutulutsa kapena kuyamwa kwa glucose owopsa m'maselo. Ngati nkhokwe zimakhala zochuluka kwambiri, ndipo mphamvu zamagetsi zikapitilira kulowa m'magazi, zimayamba kuyikidwamo kale m'mafuta mu chiwindi ndi mafuta osunthika.
Thupi limalola kuphatikiza kwama carbohydrate ovuta kuchitika, kutenga nawo gawo mu malamulo ake, motero, machitidwe a metabolic a thupi.
Kudya kwa ubongo ndi ziwalo zina makamaka chifukwa cha glycogen, kotero kupezeka kwake kumakupatsani mwayi wogwira ntchito zam'maganizo, kumakupatsani mphamvu zokwanira zogwira ntchito mu ubongo, zomwe zimatha mpaka 70 peresenti ya shuga wopangidwa m'chiwindi.
Minofu
Glycogen ndiyofunikanso kwa minofu, komwe imakhala yaying'ono. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuonetsetsa kuti kayendedwe kakuyenda. Nthawi yochita izi, mphamvu imatha, yomwe imapangidwa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa chakudya chamagulu am'magazi, panthawi yopumula ndikulowa kwa michere yatsopano m'thupi - kupanga mamolekyulu atsopano.
Kuphatikiza apo, izi sizikugwira ntchito kokha kumisempha, komanso minyewa yamtima, mtundu wa ntchito womwe umadalira kupezeka kwa glycogen, ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi kuchepa thupi amayamba kukhala ndi minofu ya mtima.
Ndikusowa kwa zinthu zina mu minofu, zinthu zina zimayamba kusweka: mafuta ndi mapuloteni. Kuwonongeka kwa chakumapeto kumakhala kowopsa makamaka, chifukwa kumabweretsa chiwonongeko cha minofu komanso kuzimiririka.
Panthawi yovuta, thupi limatha kutuluka mumkhalidwewo ndikudzipangira shuga kuchokera ku zinthu zopanda mafuta, njirayi imatchedwa glyconeogenesis.
Komabe, kufunikira kwake kwa thupi kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, chifukwa chiwonongeko chimachitika molingana ndi mfundo zina pang'ono, popanda kupereka kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe thupi limafunikira. Nthawi yomweyo, zinthu zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zina zofunika.
Kuphatikiza apo, chinthuchi chili ndi chuma chomangira madzi, chimadziunjikiranso. Ndiye chifukwa chake pakaphunzitsidwa kwambiri, othamanga amatuluka thukuta kwambiri, amagwirizanitsidwa ndi madzi amthupi.
Kanema wamaphunziro:
Kodi chiwopsezo cha kuchepera komanso chowonjezera ndi chiani?
Ndi zakudya zabwino kwambiri komanso kusowa kochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusamala pakati pa kudziunjikira ndi kuwonongeka kwa zida za glycogen kumasokonekera ndipo kusungidwa kwake kochuluka kumachitika.
Izi zimabweretsa:
- magazi;
- kuphwanya chiwindi;
- kuwonjezera kulemera kwa thupi;
- Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino matumbo.
Kuchulukitsa glycogen m'misempha kumachepetsa mphamvu ya ntchito yawo ndipo pang'onopang'ono kumayambitsa kuwoneka ngati minofu ya adipose. M'masewera othamanga, glycogen m'misempha imakonda kudziunjikira pang'ono kuposa anthu ena, uku ndikusinthasintha kwa zofunikira pakuphunzitsidwa. Komabe, zimasunganso oxygen, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti azitha kuthana ndi glucose, ndikutulutsa mphamvu inanso.
Mwa anthu ena, kudzikundikira kwa glycogen owonjezera, m'malo mwake, kumachepetsa magwiridwe antchito a minofu ndikuwatsogolera ku magulu ena owonjezera.
Kuperewera kwa glycogen kumakhudzanso thupi. Popeza ili ndiye gwero lalikulu lamphamvu, sizingakhale zokwanira kugwiranso ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
Zotsatira zake, munthu:
- ulesi, kupanda chidwi kumawonekera;
- chitetezo chofooka;
- kukumbukira kumakulirakulira;
- kuwonda kumachitika, chifukwa cha minofu yambiri;
- mkhalidwe wa khungu ndi tsitsi zimawipira;
- minofu kamvekedwe amachepetsa;
- pali kuchepa kwamphamvu;
- Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mavuto.
Kupsinjika kwakukulu kwakuthupi kapena psychoemotional kopanda zakudya zokwanira kungayambitse.
Kanema kuchokera kwa katswiri:
Chifukwa chake, glycogen imagwira ntchito zofunika mthupi, imapereka mphamvu, kudziunjikira ndikuipereka panthawi yoyenera. Kuchulukirapo, komanso kuperewera, zimakhudza ntchito yama thupi osiyanasiyana, makamaka minyewa ndi ubongo.
Ndi owonjezera, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chamafuta, makamaka mapuloteni.
Ndi kuchepa, m'malo mwake, muyenera kudya zakudya zomwe zimapatsa glycogen yambiri:
- zipatso (zipatso, nkhuyu, mphesa, maapulo, malalanje, ma Persimmons, mapichesi, kiwi, mango, sitiroberi);
- maswiti ndi uchi;
- masamba (kaloti ndi beets);
- zopangidwa ndi ufa;
- nyemba.
