Matenda a shuga amakhudza moyo wonse wa wodwalayo, chifukwa nthenda yayikulu komanso yopanda matenda, mwatsoka, singathetsedwe konse. Zoletsa zimakhudzana ndi zakudya, zolimbitsa thupi, zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku komanso ngakhale ntchito. Kuthandizira jakisoni kapena kumwa mapiritsi kumapangitsa wodwala kukonza dongosolo lake pasadakhale, zomwe poyamba zingaoneke ngati zovuta. Koma kutsatira malangizo azachipatala a matenda ashuga, mutha kukhala moyo wonse, kudya mosangalatsa komanso kumva bwino.
Mfundo zachikhalidwe zopezera chakudya
Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndi bwino kudya nthawi 5-6 patsiku m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Chakudya chizikhala ndi cholembera chochepa kwambiri komanso chokhala ndi glycemic yotsika kwambiri kapena yapakati kuti munthu asalemere msanga komanso asavutike chifukwa cha kusintha kwadzidzidzi m'magazi a shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, gawo laling'onolo, lomwe limakhala laling'onoting'ono, limakhala losavuta kugaya ndikugaya, komanso kulemetsa kwazomwe zimachitika m'matumbo am'mimba mu shuga.
Pojambula mndandanda woyenera, endocrinologist, pamodzi ndi wodwalayo, ayenera kuganizira za mawonekedwe a kagayidwe kake, zomwe amakonda, kulemera kwake, zaka zake komanso kupezeka kwa matenda ena. Zakudya zamafuta ochepa zimakhala bwino kwa anthu ena, kwa ena, zakudya zamafuta ochepa, komanso kwa ena, chakudya chopatsa thanzi chokhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zochepa. Njira yokhayo yodziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe zofunikira m'zakudya ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuyenda bwino kwa chithandizo ndikutsatira kwakanthawi pachakudya popanda zolephera.
Pali mfundo zamakonzedwe azakudya, zomwe ndi zofunika kutsatira onse, ngakhale mtundu wa matenda:
- Chakudya cham'mawa chizikhala ndi zakudya zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala pang'ono tsiku lonse;
- yopuma pakati chakudya sayenera upambana 3 hours;
- ndi kumva kwamphamvu kwa njala, ndikofunikira kuyeza shuga m'magazi ndikudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi (maapulo, mtedza), ndi hypoglycemia, idyani chakudya ndi chakudya chofulumira;
- ndikwabwino kuphatikiza nyama osati ndi chimanga, koma ndi masamba am'mbali yamasamba, chifukwa imagwira bwino kwambiri komanso osavuta kugaya;
- simungagone ndi tulo tofotokozeredwa kuti muli ndi njala, musanagone mutha kumwa kapu ya kefir yamafuta ochepa kapena yogati yachilengedwe popanda zowonjezera.
Ma plamu, beets ndi mkaka zimathandiza kukonza chimbudzi ndikukulitsa matumbo. Pa chifukwa chomwechi, mutha kumwa kapu yamadzi pamimba yopanda mphindi 15 asanadye chakudya cham'mawa. Izi zimathandizira kugaya chakudya komanso kupititsa patsogolo chimbudzi.
Odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuwunika kuyeretsa komwe kumachitika thupi mwanjira yachilengedwe kuti asadziunjike poizoni komanso kutha kwa mankhwala a metabolism
Zakudya
Mosasamala mtundu wa shuga, ndikofunikira kuti wodwala azitsatira zakudya. Zowona, ngati matenda akudalira insulin, akhoza kukhala ocheperapo, chifukwa wodwalayo amapanga jakisoni wa mahomoni ndipo amatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa malinga ndi zomwe akufuna kudya. Koma mulimonsemo, onse odwala matenda ashuga sayenera kudya zakudya zamafuta ambiri, chifukwa zimayambitsa kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi ndikuyambitsa zovuta mtsogolo.
Maziko azakudya ayenera kukhala masamba. Amakhala ndi index ya glycemic yotsika komanso mawonekedwe okwera kwambiri, omwe amafunikira mayendedwe amamba. Ndi matenda a shuga, kagayidweko kamachepa, ndipo wodwalayo amatha kusokonezeka ndi kudzimbidwa, komwe kumadzaza ndi kuledzera kwa thupi. Kuti mupewe izi, ndibwino kuti muzidya masamba 3-4 pa tsiku. Muli mavitamini ndi michere yazofunikira pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe. Zipatso ndizothandizanso kwa odwala matenda ashuga, koma kuwasankha, muyenera kulabadira index ya glycemic - iyenera kukhala yotsika kapena yapakati.
Chofunika kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga ndi zakudya zotere:
Kupewa kwa phazi la anthu odwala matenda ashuga- Tomato
- kolifulawa;
- dzungu
- apulo;
- peyala;
- zipatso za malalanje;
- makangaza;
- biringanya;
- anyezi;
- adyo
- tsabola.
Pakati pa nsomba ndi nyama, muyenera kusankha mitundu yoyonda. Ndikofunika kuphika anaphika kapena uvuni osawonjezera mafuta ambiri. Nyama iyenera kupezeka muzakudya tsiku lililonse, nsomba - pafupifupi kawiri pa sabata. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amaperekedwa bwino ndi fillet yophika kapena yowotcha ya Turkey, yophika kapena yophika nkhuku yopanda khungu komanso nyama ya kalulu. Pollock, hake ndi tilapia ndichisankho chabwino kwambiri pa nsomba, chifukwa izi ndizophatikiza zamafuta ochepa zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mankhwala. Ndiosafunika kuti odwala adye nkhumba, mafuta amphaka, nyama ya bakha, tsekwe komanso nsomba zamafuta, chifukwa zinthuzi zimalemera kapamba komanso kuwonjezera mafuta m'thupi.
Maphala ndi gwero lofunika la kudya pang'onopang'ono kwa odwala matenda ashuga
Zothandiza kwambiri ndi phala la tirigu, buckwheat, mapira ndi phala ya pea. Mndandanda wawo wa glycemic ndiwambiri, ndipo kapangidwe kake kamakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri, chitsulo, calcium ndi zinthu zina zambiri. Mukamapanga menyu, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kupatula semolina ndi kupukutira mpunga, chifukwa palibe kanthu kalikonse kofunikira mwa iwo komwe kali ndi kalori yambiri.
Kuyang'anira shuga
Kuwunikira pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi maziko othandizira matenda amtundu uliwonse komanso kupewa mavuto. Ngati wodwala amagwiritsa ntchito mita, amatha kuzindikira kuyambika kwa hypoglycemia kapena kulumpha kwa shuga mu nthawi. Vuto likangowoneka posachedwa, ndizosavuta kupereka thandizo ndikusamalira thanzi la wodwalayo. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kuwunika pafupipafupi kwa glycemia, mutha kuyang'anira momwe thupi limayankhira pazakudya zatsopano ndikumvetsetsa ngati ziyenera kuyambitsidwa muzakudya.
Kuti mita iwonetse mfundo zoyenera, ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi ndi nthawi ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zothetsera shuga. Zingwe zoyesa sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito tsiku litatha, chifukwa zotsatira zake zitha kupotozedwa. Ndikofunikira kusintha batri yomwe idayikidwa mu chipangizocho munthawi yake, chifukwa zimakhudzanso kutsimikizika kwa mfundo zomwe mwapeza.
Chithandizo
Pofuna kukhalabe ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba 1, ayenera kuwonanso jakisoni wa insulin. Ndi matenda amtunduwu, ndizosatheka kupanga popanda jakisoni, popeza thupi silingathe kutulutsa insulin mulingo woyenera. Palibe zakudya zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuti mukhale ndi thanzi lalitali kwa nthawi yayitali ngati wodwalayo akunyalanyaza jakisoni wa mahomoni kapena kuwapanga mwangozi. Ndikofunikira kuti munthu azitha kuwerengera payekha kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa, kutengera zomwe azidya, ndikumvetsetsa kusiyana kwakanthawi kogwira insulin yochepa komanso yayitali.
Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kapamba nthawi zambiri amapanga insulin yokwanira (kapena ntchito yake imachepetsedwa pang'ono). Potere, wodwalayo sangafunike jakisoni wa mahomoni, ndipo kukhalabe ndi shuga mumagazi kungakhale kokwanira kutsatira chakudya komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi. Koma ngati kukana kwa insulin kwa minofu kumakhala kokwanira kwambiri, ndipo njira zamankhwala sizigwira ntchito mokwanira, molingana ndi zoyeserera zamankhwala ndi ma protocol, wodwalayo amatha kupatsidwa mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga. Ndi endocrinologist wokhayo amene ayenera kuwasankha, chifukwa kuyesayesa paokha kungapangitse kuwonongeka kwa matendawa komanso kuchuluka kwa matendawo.
Nthawi zina ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, wodwala angafunike jakisoni wa insulin. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zakanthawi, ndipo ngati dokotala akuvomereza njira iyi yothandizira, iyenera kuyambitsidwa mwachangu.
Mimba komanso matenda ashuga
Mimba ikachitika motsutsana ndi mtundu wakale wa matenda ashuga 1, mkazi angafunike kusintha mlingo wa insulin. M'mitundu itatu yosiyanasiyana, kufunika kwa timadzi timeneti ndi kosiyana, ndipo ndizotheka kuti nthawi zina mayi woyembekezera atha kukhala ndi jakisoni kwakanthawi. Endocrinologist, yemwe, limodzi ndi obstetrician-gynecologist amayang'anira wodwalayo panthawi yanstation, ayenera kutenga nawo gawo pakusankha kwa mitundu yatsopano ndi mitundu ya mankhwalawa. Amayi oyembekezera omwewo amafunikanso kusintha zakudya, chifukwa munthawi ya moyo wa mayi, kufunikira kwa michere ndi mavitamini kumawonjezeka.
Pali mtundu wamatenda womwe umayamba mwa azimayi panthawi yoyembekezera - ndimawu osokoneza bongo. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo sanatchulidwe jakisoni wa insulin, ndipo shuga ya magazi ndi yofanana, chifukwa cha zakudya. Zakudya zonse zotsekemera ndi zipatso zomwe zili ndi carbohydrate yambiri, shuga, buledi ndi confectionery siziperekedwa kuchakudya. Mayi woyembekezera ayenera kudya zakudya zamafuta, zakudya kuchokera ku tirigu ndi masamba. Kudya kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi vuto la matenda amiseche kumapangitsa kuti muchepetse vuto la kubereka mu chiberekero komanso mavuto obwera chifukwa cha kubereka, zimathandizanso kuti matenda asadutse kwambiri. Malinga ndi malingaliro a adokotala, monga lamulo, mwana atabadwa, mavuto omwe amapezeka ndi kagayidwe kazakudya amatha, ndipo misempha ya magazi imasintha.
Kupewa kwa matenda ashuga a shuga
Matenda a diabetesic phazi ndilovuta kwambiri kwa matenda ashuga, omwe amadziwika ndi kusintha kwa ma pathological m'zigawo zotsika. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimatha kukhala dzanzi ndi kumva kuwawa kwa khungu, kusintha kwa maonekedwe ake ndi kutayika pang'ono kwamtundu wamtopola komanso kumva kupweteka. M'tsogolo, zilonda zam'mimba zimapangidwa kumapazi, chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi lathu, zomwe zimachiritsa bwino komanso kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngati nthendayo yaphatikizana ndi chilonda chonyowa, chiopsezo chotenga matenda osokoneza bongo chikukula, zomwe zimatha kuduladula phazi ngakhale kufa.
Pofuna kupewa zovuta za matendawa, muyenera:
- kutsatira malamulo a zaukhondo ndikukhala ndi mapazi oyera;
- yang'anirani khungu la miyendo kuti muwonongeke pang'ono, abrasions ndi ming'alu;
- kulimbitsa thupi kwatsiku ndi tsiku kuti magazi azithamanga
- pambuyo pa njira zamadzi, pukutani khungu ndi thaulo lachilengedwe;
- sankhani nsapato zabwino za kuvala tsiku lililonse popanda zidendene zapamwamba;
- muzilimbitsa khungu lanu ndi zonona kapena mafuta odzola kuti lisawonongeke.
Panthawi yomwe akukambirana a endocrinologist, ndikofunikira kuti dokotala awonetsetse miyendo ya wodwalayo, ndipo ngati ndi kotheka, afotokozere maphunziro a mankhwalawa kuti magazi awonjezeke. Pa polyclinics, monga lamulo, makabati a matenda a shuga, komwe wodwalayo amatha kuyeza khungu la miyendo ndikuwonetsetsa momwe alili.
Kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi, dokotalayo angalimbikitsenso kuyesa kwa mitsempha yamagazi ya m'munsi yomwe ili ndi dopplerography
Kupewa mavuto a impso ndi maso
Matenda a diabetes nephropathy ndi vuto linanso lomwe matendawa amakula msanga ndi magazi. Chifukwa chakuti kuchuluka kwambiri kwa glucose kumapangitsa magazi kukhala ochulukirapo, zimakhala zovuta kuti impso zizisefa. Wodwalayo akayamba kudwala matenda oopsa limodzi, mavutowa amadzetsa vuto la impso komanso kufunika kwa kuyimba pafupipafupi.
Kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chotenga nephropathy yayikulu, muyenera:
- kuyeza shuga wamagazi pafupipafupi ndikuwasunga pamlingo wokuloza;
- kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mchere m'zakudya kuti musayambitse kutupa ndi mavuto;
- ngati mapuloteni apezeka mu mkodzo, zakudya zotsika za protein ziyenera kutsatiridwa;
- kuwunika chizindikiro cha mafuta kagayidwe komanso kupewa kuchulukana kwamphamvu kwamafuta m'thupi.
Chiwalo china chofunikira chomwe chimadwala matenda a shuga ndi maso. Matenda a shuga a retinopathy (kusintha kwa ma pathological mu retina) angayambitse kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kuwona kwamaso ndi khungu. Popewa, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi ophthalmologist miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse ndikupita kukayezetsa ndalama. Kuwunikira pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndiye njira yothandiza kwambiri yopewa zovuta zam'mbuyo. Ndi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi kuti kusintha kwamatenda m'magazi ang'onoang'ono kumatha ndikupangitsa kuwona. Tsoka ilo, retinopathy ndiyosatheka kupewetsa, koma chitukuko chake chitha kuyimitsidwa ndikuchepetsedwa.
Matenda a shuga sindiwo matenda omwe matenda a shuga amawonjezereka. Matendawa amasiya chizindikiritso chake m'magawo onse a moyo wa munthu, zomwe zimamupangitsa kuti azikhala ndi chidwi ndi kusankha zakudya komanso kukonza zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku. Koma kutsatira malingaliro a madotolo ndikumvera thanzi lanu, mutha kuphunzira kukhala ndi matenda osaganizira nthawi zonse. Ndi matenda opatsirana bwino a shuga, chiwopsezo cha zovuta ndizochepa, ndipo moyo wa wodwalayo ndiwokwera kwambiri.
