Tsoka ilo, matenda ashuga amawerengedwa ngati njira yosachiritsika yomwe imachepetsa kwambiri moyo wa odwala. Chithandizo cha matendawa ndikuthandizira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kudzera mukukonzanso zakudya, zolimbitsa thupi ndi chithandizo chamankhwala.
Matendawa ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imasiyana ndi zina ndizomwe zimayambitsa komanso makina a chitukuko. Iliyonse mwa mafomuwo imayambitsa zovuta zingapo zopweteka komanso zovuta zomwe zimalepheretsa odwala kugwira ntchito mwachizolowezi, akukhala, nthawi zina, ngakhale kudzipereka okha. Pokhudzana ndi mavuto ofananawo, munthu wina aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga amadzutsa funso ngati kulumala kumapereka shuga. Ndi thandizo liti lomwe lingachitike ku boma komanso zomwe lamulo likunena pankhaniyi, tikambirana zambiri munkhaniyi.
Pang'ono pang'ono pokhudza matendawa
Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe thupi limalephera kutenga nawo mbali pachimake, makamaka chakudya. Chowonetsa chachikulu cha pathological mkhalidwewu ndi hyperglycemia (kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi).
Pali mitundu ingapo ya matendawa:
- Fomu yodalira insulini (mtundu 1) - imakonda kupezeka motsutsana ndi maziko amtsogolo omwe amakhudzidwa ndi chibadwa, amakhudza anthu azaka zosiyanasiyana, ngakhale ana. Kasitomala satha kutulutsa insulin yokwanira, ndikofunikira pakugawa shuga mthupi lonse (m'maselo ndi minofu).
- Fomu yosadalira insulini (mtundu 2) - mawonekedwe a okalamba. Amayamba motsutsana ndi maziko a vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumadziwika kuti chamba chimapanga kuchuluka kwakokwanira kwa insulin, koma maselo amataya chidwi chake (insulin kukana).
- Gestational form - imayamba mwa azimayi munthawi yakubereka mwana. Makina otukula amafanana ndi mtundu wa 2 matenda. Monga lamulo, mwana akabadwa, matendawa amazimiririka pawokha.
Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndiko chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda a shuga
Mitundu ina ya "matenda okoma":
- zovuta zamtundu wa maselo achinsinsi a insulin;
- kuphwanya zochita za insulin pa chibadwa;
- matenda a exocrine mbali ya gland;
- endocrinopathies;
- matenda oyambitsidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo;
- matenda chifukwa cha matenda;
- mitundu ina.
Matendawa amawonetsedwa ndi mtima wofunitsitsa kumwa, kudya, wodwalayo amakonda kukodza. Khungu lowuma, kuyabwa. Nthawi ndi nthawi, kuzimiririka kwina kumakhala pakhungu, lomwe limachiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali, koma kumawonekeranso kwakanthawi.
Kukula kwa matendawa kumabweretsa kukula kwa zovuta. Mavuto owopsa amafuna chithandizo chamankhwala msanga, pomwe zovuta zovuta zimayamba pang'onopang'ono, koma sizimachotsedwa, ngakhale mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala.
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mukhale ndi matenda ashuga
Odwala ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti ngati mukufuna kulemala ndi matenda ashuga, muyenera kuyesetsa kwambiri. Tsimikizani kukhalapo kwa matenda a zamitsempha ayenera kukhala pafupipafupi. Monga lamulo, ndi gulu 1, izi zikuyenera kuchitika zaka ziwiri zilizonse, ndi 2 ndi 3 - pachaka. Gulu akapatsidwa ana, kuyambiranso kumachitika pakubala.
Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la endocrine pathology, ulendo wopita kuchipatala pawokha umawerengedwa kuti ndi mayeso, osanena za kusonkhanitsa zikalata zofunika pakudutsa komiti yaukatswiri wazamankhwala.
Njira yotola zikalata ndi njira yayitali komanso yovuta kwa odwala
Kupeza kulumala kumatengera zinthu izi:
- mtundu wa "matenda okoma";
- kuopsa kwa matendawa - pali madigiri angapo, omwe amadziwika ndi kukhalapo kapena kusakhalapo kwa chipukuta cha shuga m'magazi, limodzi, kukhalapo kwa zovuta;
- concomitant pathologies - kukhalapo kwa matenda oopsa kwambiri kumawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi vuto la matenda ashuga;
- Kuletsa kuyenda, kulumikizana, kudzisamalira, kulephera - Iliyonse ya mndandanda walembedwedwa ndi mamembala ake.
Kuwunika kukula kwa matendawa
Akatswiri amatchula kuopsa kwa mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo yemwe akufuna kulumala, malinga ndi njira zotsatirazi.
Matenda ofatsa amadziwika ndi mkhalidwe wopendekera womwe umakhalabe ndi glycemia umapezeka ndi kukonza zakudya. Palibe matupi a acetone m'magazi ndi mkodzo, shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu sapitirira 7.6 mmol / l, glucose mumkodzo palibe. Monga lamulo, digiri iyi nthawi zambiri imalola wodwala kutenga gulu la olumala.
Kukula kwakanthawi kumatsatiridwa ndi kupezeka kwa matupi acetone m'magazi. Kuthamanga shuga kumatha kufika 15 mmol / l, shuga amawonekera mkodzo. Digiri iyi imadziwika ndi kukula kwa zovuta m'njira zowonongeka kwa zowonera zojambula (retinopathy), impso (nephropathy), matenda amanjenje (neuropathy) popanda trophic ulceration.
Odwala ali ndi izi:
- kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe;
- kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito;
- kusokonekera kuthekera kusuntha.
Chiyeso chachikulu chikuwoneka ndi vuto lalikulu la odwala matenda ashuga. Miyezo yambiri ya matupi a ketone mu mkodzo ndi magazi, shuga pamtunda wa 15 mmol / l, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa glucosuria. Kugonjetsedwa kwa owonera bwino ndi gawo 2-3, ndipo impso ndi gawo 4-5. Miyendo yam'munsi imakutidwa ndi zilonda zam'mimba, zimayamba kukula. Odwala nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa opaleshoni yokhotakhota pamatumbo, kudula mwendo.
Kuchuluka kwambiri kwa matendawa kumawonetsedwa ndi zovuta zomwe sizimatha kupsinjika. Mawonetsedwe pafupipafupi ndimtundu wowonongeka wa ubongo kuwonongeka, ziwalo, chikomokere. Munthu amataya kwathunthu kusuntha, kuwona, kudzipereka yekha, kulumikizana ndi anthu ena, kuyenda mumlengalenga ndi nthawi.
Kuyenda movutikira ndi njira imodzi yotsimikizira kulumala
Matenda a shuga
Gulu lirilonse la olumala limakumana ndi zomwe limaperekedwa kwa odwala. Otsatirawa ndikukambirana komwe mamembala a MSEC angapatse gulu la anthu matenda ashuga.
Gulu lachitatu
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa gululi ndikotheka ngati wodwalayo ali m'malire a matenda ofatsa komanso olimbitsa thupi. Pankhaniyi, kusokonezeka kwa magwiridwe antchito amkati mwazigawo zochepa kumachitika, koma salola munthu kugwira ntchito mokwanira ndikukhala ndi moyo.
Mikhalidwe yopezera mawonekedwe ndiyofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera zodzisamalira, komanso kuti wodwalayo sangathe kugwira ntchito yake, koma amatha kugwira ntchito zina, zosawononga nthawi.
Gulu lachiwiri
Zofunikira pakukhazikitsa kulumala kwa odwala matenda ashuga:
- kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe a 2-3 mwamphamvu;
- aimpso matenda a kudwala siteji, aimpso kulephera mu nyengo ya hardware dialysis, peritoneal dialysis kapena impso kupatsidwa zina;
- kulimbikira kuwonongeka kwa zotumphukira mantha dongosolo;
- mavuto amisala.
Hemodialysis - zikuwonetsa kukhazikitsa digiri yachiwiri ya zovuta kwa wodwala
Gulu loyamba
Gulu la olumala mu matenda a shuga limayikidwa mu milandu ili:
Mayeso a shuga a 2- kuwonongeka kwa maso amodzi kapena onse, kuwonetsedwa pang'ono kapena kuwonongeka kwathunthu kwa masomphenya;
- kwambiri matenda a zotumphukira mantha dongosolo;
- zovuta zamaganizidwe;
- Phazi la Charcot ndi zotupa zina zazikulu zam'mitsempha yamiyendo;
- nephropathy ya siteji ya odwala;
- nthawi zambiri kumachitika kuchepa kwakukulu kwa shuga m'magazi, kumafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwadzidzidzi.
Odwala amathandizidwa, amasuntha kokha mothandizidwa ndi alendo. Kulumikizana kwawo ndi ena komanso mawonekedwe m'malo, nthawi imaphwanyidwa.
Za ana
Ndikwabwino kukaonana ndi dokotala kapena katswiri wa akatswiri odziwa zaumoyo ndi wokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda omwe amapatsidwa kwa mwana yemwe ali ndi mtundu wodwala wa insulin. Monga lamulo, ana otere amapatsidwa mkhalidwe wolumala osafotokoza momwe aliri. Kukonzanso kumachitika pofika zaka 18. Mulingo uliwonse wamankhwala amathandiziridwa payekhapayekha, zotsatira zina ndizotheka.
Njira zopezera kulumala kwamitundu yachiwiri yamatenda a shuga zitha kupezeka m'nkhaniyi.
Ana - yolimbana kulandira chilema cha nthawi yayitali
Kafukufuku wolemba zolemba mu MSEC
Njira yokonzera odwala matenda olemala ndi yovuta komanso yayitali. Endocrinologist amapatsa odwala kuti atulutse olumala pazinthu zotsatirazi:
- kuvuta kwambiri kwa wodwalayo, kusowa kwa chindapusa cha matendawo;
- kuphwanya magwiridwe antchito a ziwalo zamkati ndi machitidwe;
- pafupipafupi matenda a hypo- ndi hyperglycemic, com;
- matenda ofatsa kapena olimbitsa, omwe amafuna kuti wodwalayo azigwira ntchito yovuta kwambiri.
Wodwala ayenera kusungitsa mndandanda wa zikalata ndikuchita maphunziro oyenera:
- mayeso azachipatala;
- shuga
- kuphunzira zamankhwala;
- kuyesedwa kwa shuga;
- kusanthula kwa glycosylated hemoglobin;
- kusanthula kwa mkodzo malinga ndi Zimnitsky;
- electrocardiogram;
- echocardiogram;
- arteriography;
- rheovasography;
- kufunsira kwa ophthalmologist, neurologist, nephrologist, dokotala wa opaleshoni.
Kuchokera pamalembo ndikofunikira kukonzekera cholembera ndi pasipoti yoyambayo, kuchotsera kwa sing'anga kupita kwa MSEC, mawu ochokera kwa wodwalayo, kuchotsera kuti wodwalayo amathandizidwa kuchipatala kapena nthawi yapaderadera.
Ndikofunikira kukonzekera kope ndi choyambirira cha buku la ntchito, satifiketi yokhazikika yolephera kugwira ntchito, ngati njira yobwereza ichitika.
Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti panthawi yoyesedwanso, gulu lingachotsedwe. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha kulipidwa chipukutidwa, kusintha kwazomwe zikuchitika komanso magawo a labotale odwala.
Kuti mukhale ndi zilema, muyenera kukonzekera mapepala ambiri
Kukonzanso komanso magwiridwe antchito
Odwala omwe akhazikitsa gulu lachitatu amatha kugwira ntchitoyi, koma ndi zosavuta kuposa kale. Kukula kwamphamvu kwa matendawa kumalola kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono. Odwala oterowo amayenera kusiya maulendo ausiku, maulendo ataliatali abizinesi, komanso magwiridwe antchito osagwirizana.
Ngati odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi mavuto amawonedwe, ndibwino kuti muchepetse voliyumu yowonera, ndi phazi la matenda ashuga - siyani ntchito. Gulu loyamba la olumala likuwonetsa kuti odwala sangathe kugwira ntchito konse.
Kukonzanso odwala kumaphatikiza kukonza zakudya, katundu wokwanira (ngati zingatheke), kuwunika pafupipafupi ndi endocrinologist ndi akatswiri ena odziwa ntchito. Chithandizo cha Sanatorium chimafunika, kupita kusukulu ya matenda ashuga. Akatswiri a MSEC amapanga mapulogalamu amomwe amathandizira odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.
