Microangiopathy mu shuga

Microangiopathy ndi chotupa cha timitsempha tating'ono ta magazi (ma venges, arterioles, capillaries). Mu shuga mellitus, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa zam'magazi m'magazi komanso ndi shuga wambiri mmenemo. Zombo zazing'onoting'ono zimakhala zosalimba, zina zimakula kwambiri, zina zimayamba kuzimiririka kapena kuonda. Zonsezi zimabweretsa kuphwanya ntchito za chiwalocho, kufalikira kwa magazi komwe amapereka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake diabetesic microangiopathy ndi zovuta kwambiri zomwe ndizoyenera kupewa kuposa kuchiza.

Mitundu yamavuto a Vascular

Kutengera kutengera kwa ziwiya zomwe zakhudzidwa, mitundu yamatenda ambiri ndi:

• nephropathy;
• retinopathy
• Microangiopathy yam'munsi yotsika.

Ndi nephropathy, kusintha kwa ma pathological kumakhudza pafupifupi ziwiya zazing'ono zonse za impso. Pamodzi ndi izi, mitsempha yayikulu imakhudzidwanso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwalozi zisamayende bwino. Kagayidwe kachakudya komweko sikokwanira kwambiri, minofu ndi maselo samalandira oxygen yofunikira komanso michere. Kuphatikiza pa kusintha kwa mitsempha, ndi nephropathy, njira yosefera komanso zomwe zimayambitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwake (ma tubules ndi glomeruli) zimavutika.

Retinopathy ndi zotupa za retina. Zida zing'onozing'ono m'derali ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala ndi gawo lalikulu la gawo la masomphenyawo, kotero kusintha kwawo kowawa kumakhudza kwambiri kupenya kwa munthu. Kutengera ndi gawo la retinopathy, zizindikirazo zimatha kukhala zazing'ono komanso zosasangalatsa kwa wodwalayo. Zotsatira zoyipitsitsa za khungu la maso ndi khungu, chifukwa chake odwala matenda ashuga amafunika mayeso amaso nthawi zonse.

Zosintha m'matumbo am'munsi ndizimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda ashuga apatsidwe. Kuphwanya magazi, mitsempha yodzala ndi minyewa imapangitsa kuti minyewa ikhale yoperewera, motero minyewa imeneyi imasiya kutulutsa bwino. Khungu lomwe lili kumapeto limakhala louma, ming'alu iliyonse ndi zipsera zimatembenuka pachipata cholowera matenda. Kuwonongeka pakhungu la miyendo kumachiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo ndikovuta, munthu amatha kupweteka zilonda zam'mimba. Chovuta china chachikulu kwambiri cha angiopathy cha malekezero am'munsi ndichizimba, zomwe zimabweretsa kudulidwa kapena kufa.

Zomwe zimachitika

Matenda a shuga a shuga a shuga amachitika chifukwa chophwanya magazi a magazi, chifukwa chotengera chake chimasowa oxygen komanso michere. Kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe kazakudya zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga kumayambitsa magwiridwe olakwika a ziwalo ndi makhoma a ma capillaries, arterioles ndi venuls, chifukwa zinthu izi zomwe zimapangidwanso zilinso ndi chakudya chamagulu.

Microangiopathy imatha kudwala mwa wodwala aliyense, mosasamala mtundu wa shuga komanso zaka zomwe wodwala adapeza matendawa

Chifukwa cha matenda ashuga, zinthu zotsalira za mapuloteni zimadziunjikira m'magazi a wodwalayo, omwe nthawi zambiri amayenera kutulutsidwa m'thupi. Izi zimabweretsa kusintha kwamphamvu magazi ndi makulidwe a makhoma ang'onoang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, microangiopathy imachitika mchaka cha 10-15 maphunziro a matenda ashuga, koma palinso milandu yokhudzana ndi kukhazikika kwa matenda a zamatumbo mkati mwa zaka 1-2 kuchokera ku vuto la endocrine. Ichi ndichifukwa chake odwala onse amalowa m'gulu langozi, ndipo kuti akhale ndi thanzi ayenera kumvetsera thupi lawo mosamala.

Zizindikiro

Kumayambiriro kwake kwakutukuka kwa njira ya pathological (mosasamala kanthu komwe ikupezeka), zizindikirazo ndizosafunikira kotero kuti munthu samawaganizira. Ngati tikulankhula za zovuta ndi zotengera za miyendo, ndiye kuti zizindikilo zawo zoyambira zitha kukhala zikunjenjemera kapena kumverera kwadzuwa.

Pamene matenda a wodwala akupita patsogolo, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimayamba kuvuta:

• kupweteka m'miyendo;
• kutopa kochulukirapo;
• kutupa;
• kuyanika kwambiri pakhungu la miyendo ndi miyendo;
• kusowa kwa tsitsi m'derali;
• kukokana
• kutayika kwa kutentha ndi (kapena) kupweteka kwam'mawa;
• mapangidwe a zilonda zam'mimba zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuchiza.

Miyendo ya wodwala nthawi zambiri imakhala yozizira ngakhale nthawi yotentha chifukwa chosayenda bwino magazi. Kuphatikiza pa zovuta ndi zotengera zazing'onoting'ono, mitsempha ndi mitsempha yayikulu ndi mitsempha imakokedwa ndikuchita. Chifukwa cha izi, khungu la miyendo limatha kutembenuka kapena kukhala lofiirira, cyanotic. Kusasamala kwa malamulo aukhondo waumwini, monga lamulo, kumakulitsa vutoli ndipo kumakhala chothandizira kukulitsa zotupa zopatsirana. Kusunga mapazi anu oyera ndi owuma ndi imodzi mwamalamulo ofunikira kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

M'malo ambiri azachipatala muli "makabati amtundu wa shuga" omwe wodwalayo amayesedwa kuti amvetse miyendo ndikuwonetsetsa momwe alili

Retinopathy kumayambiriro kwenikweni samadzimva, ngakhale akafufuzidwa ndi ophthalmologist, wodwala wotereyu akhoza kukhala atasintha kale. Nthawi zambiri, odwala amati mawonekedwe otere ndi kutopa, ndipo samawakomera iwo mwapadera. Poyamba, "ntchentche" zazing'ono kapena zonunkha zimatha kuwoneka patsogolo pa maso, koma maonekedwe owoneka, monga lamulo, samavutika. Kenako munthuyo amawona kuti zimamuvuta kugwira ntchito pakompyuta, kuwerenga ndi kulemba (maso ake atopa kwambiri ndipo kumveka kwamaso kumachepa). Zizindikiro zimayamba kukulira ndipo ngati simukuonana ndi dokotala panthawi, ndiye kuti khungu lanu limakulirakulira.

Ndizovuta kukayikira nephropathy kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko chake, chifukwa chimatha kuwonetsedwa pokhapokha ngati pali mapuloteni mumkodzo (izi zimatha kudziwika ndikupititsa kusanthula). Kuwonongeka kwa impso kukakhala kodziwika komanso kosatha, munthu amatha kusokonezeka ndi edema, kudumpha kuthamanga kwa magazi, kusokonekera kwamikodzo, kununkhira kwa ammonia kuchokera mkamwa ndi kufooka kosalekeza.

Zizindikiro

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga phazi neuropathy

Kukhazikitsa matenda a microangiopathy a m'munsi am'munsi, kuyezetsa dokotala, kuyezetsa magazi a labotale ndi ma x-ray ndikofunikira. Zombo zazing'onoting'ono komanso zazikulu zamiyendo zimatha kuunikiranso pogwiritsa ntchito Doppler (mtundu wa ultrasound). Nthawi zina, MRI kapena composed tomography scan itha kuyatsidwa kuti ifotokoze zovuta zotsutsana. Kuti mupeze chithunzi cholondola, wodwalayo nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kuphunzira ndi wosiyana ndi ena, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti fanizoli limveke bwino.

Ndi nephropathy pakuwunika mkodzo pafupipafupi, kusintha kumapezeka kawirikawiri komwe kumakhala chifukwa chodziwika bwino.

Dziwani zamitsempha yamafuta mu impso pogwiritsa ntchito ma ultrasound, x-ray, MRI. Pofuna kudziwa momwe retina limakhalira komanso kudziwika koyambirira kwa retinopathy, wodwalayo amafunika kumamufufuza pafupipafupi ndi a ophthalmologist. Kuphatikiza pa kufunsidwa ndikuwunikidwa, adokotala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zofunikira pakuwunika zida za ma ocular, pamaziko omwe amalankhula za kukhalapo kapena kusakhalapo kwa kusintha kwa ma pathological.

Chithandizo

Chithandizo cha microangiopathy mu matenda a shuga zimatengera kutanthauzira kwa pathological process. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuyimitsa kuyambika kwa retinopathy, mavuto ndi ziwiya zam'miyendo kapena nephropathy, komabe ndizotheka kuchepetsa kukula kwawo pang'ono. Zinthu zikuluzikulu zochizira matenda onse am'matumbo omwe amapezeka m'thupi zimasunga shuga mumagazi ndikutsatira kadyedwe. Popanda izi, palibe njira zakomweko komanso mankhwala othandizira omwe angathandize kapena kubweretsa zotsatira zosatha.

Kuti achepetse kayendedwe ka metabolic mu retina, wodwalayo angafotokozedwe kulimbikitsa madontho amaso, mavitamini ndi kutikita minyewa mofatsa. Njira ngati izi sizichotsa vutoli kwathunthu, koma zimachedwetsa kupitirira kwake. Ndi nephropathy, ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya, kusiya mchere ndi mapuloteni ambiri, ndikuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi. Ndi matenda ogwirizana, wodwala ayenera kumwa mankhwala a antihypertensive (mwachitsanzo, zoletsa za ACE).

Pochiza matenda a mtima wamiyendo, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuwonda komanso kupewa kunenepa kwambiri

Kuchuluka kwa thupi kumakhudza malo am'munsi, chifukwa pamenepa amakhala ndi katundu wambiri. Masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kuyenda maulendo angapo ndizofunikira kuti magazi azithamanga, kusintha minofu ing'ono ndi kuwonjezera njira zama metabolic. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda osokoneza bongo. Nthawi zina wodwala amatha kupatsidwa mankhwala othandizira kulimbitsa thupi ndi mafuta opaka kuti apakike ntchito, omwe amasintha minofu yofewa komanso mitsempha yamagazi m'miyendo.

Kupewa

Njira yothandiza kwambiri yopewa zovuta zilizonse zamatenda a shuga ndikukhazikitsa shuga mumagazi. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kutsatira kadyedwe, kupimidwa molemba ndi endocrinologist panthawi, ndikuyezetsa magazi.

Komanso, kupewa, ndikofunikira kwambiri:

• lekani kusuta ndi kumwa mowa;
• kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mchere womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chakudya;
• Nthawi zonse muziwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, muchepetse;
• khalani ndi moyo wokangalika;
• onetsetsani magazi

Matenda a shuga, zimakhudzanso mitsempha yamagazi, ndipo ndizosatheka kuletsa kwathunthu kusintha kosasangalatsa mwa iwo. Koma pozindikira zovuta kumayambiriro, munthu atha kulepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa matenda. Kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso kutsatira malangizo a adotolo amalola odwala matenda ashuga ambiri kuiwala za zovuta za matendawo kwa nthawi yayitali.