Matenda a shuga ndiopsa chifukwa cha zovuta zake zamagulu ofunikira. Mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi ndi zina mwazida zomwe amalumikizidwa poyamba. Pafupifupi 40% ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga 1 ndi 80% ya odwala matenda a shuga 2 amakhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, mavuto amtima, komanso atherosulinosis. Matenda oopsa ndi matenda osachiritsika komwe kumakhala kupitiriza kukakamizidwa.
Nthawi zambiri, amakula pakati pa anthu azaka zapakati komanso okalamba, ngakhale m'zaka zaposachedwa, matenda a zam'mimba amapezeka ngakhale mwa achinyamata. Matendawa ndi owopsa mthupi, ngakhale palokha, ndipo kuphatikiza ndi matenda ashuga umasokoneza kwambiri moyo wabwinobwino wamunthu. Chithandizo cha matenda oopsa mu shuga mellitus imakhala yogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a antihypertensive omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuteteza mtima ndi impso pazovuta zomwe zingachitike.
Chifukwa chiyani odwala matenda ashuga ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda oopsa?
Thupi la wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga limasinthidwa kwambiri. Chifukwa cha izi, ntchito zake zimaphwanyidwa, ndipo njira zambiri sizachilendo. Metabolism imalekeka, ziwalo zogaya zimagwira ntchito mochulukitsa ndipo pali zolephera mu ma Horona system. Chifukwa cha matenda ashuga, odwala nthawi zambiri amayamba kulemera, ndipo ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zingayambitse matenda oopsa.
Zomwe zimatipatsa matendawo ndi izi:
- kupsinjika kwa m'maganizo (mu odwala matenda ashuga, kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha kumadziwika nthawi zambiri);
- moyo wongokhala (odwala ena amapewa zochitika zilizonse zolimbitsa thupi, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto a mtima komanso chidzalo);
- kukwezeka kwa cholesterol yamagazi ndi matenda a lipid metabolism (omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, ma pathologies awa ndiofala).
Zoyenera kuchita ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri?
Matenda oopsa oopsa ndi mkhalidwe womwe kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakwera kwambiri kuposa kwacibadwa. Panthawi imeneyi, ziwalo zofunika zimatha kukhudzidwa: ubongo, impso, mtima. Zizindikiro za vuto lalikulu kwambiri:
Chifukwa chiyani miyendo imapweteka ndi matenda ashuga?- kuthamanga kwa magazi;
- mutu
- tinnitus ndi kumverera kwa kupsinjika;
- thukuta lozizira, lokhazikika;
- kupweteka pachifuwa;
- kusanza ndi kusanza.
Milandu yayikulu, kukokana, kusazindikira, komanso kufinya mphuno kumatha kulowa nawo mawonekedwe awa. Zovuta zimakhala zosavuta komanso zovuta. Ndi maphunziro osavuta, mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala, kupsinjika kwamphamvu kumachitika masana, pomwe ziwalo zofunika zimakhalabe zolimba. Zotsatira za zoterezi ndizabwino, monga lamulo, zovuta zimadutsa popanda zovuta zoyipa kwa thupi.
Wodwalayo akayamba kudwala matenda opha ziwalo, mtima, kulephera kwa mtima. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a thupi la munthu, thandizo losadziwika kapena kupezeka kwa matenda ena akulu. Ngakhale vuto lalikulu la kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kupsinjika kwa thupi. Zimayendera limodzi ndi zizindikiro zosasangalatsa, mantha komanso mantha. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuti musalole kuti izi zitheke, kumwa mapiritsi omwe adapangidwa ndi adokotala panthawi ndikukumbukira kupewa zovuta.
Mavuto amatha kubweretsa nkhawa, kusowa tulo komanso kutopa kwambiri, kudumpha tsiku lililonse mankhwalawa antihypertensive, zolakwika zamagetsi, kumwa kwambiri mowa komanso kusintha kwanyengo.
Mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga, chiopsezo chotenga matenda obwera chifukwa cha matenda oopsa amakhala okwera kangapo kuposa odwala ena. Izi ndichifukwa chakusintha kowawa m'matumbo, magazi ndi mtima zomwe zimadzetsa matenda awa. Chifukwa chake, kupewa zinthu zoopsa kwa odwala otere ndikofunika kwambiri.
Njira zothandizira pa vuto la matenda oopsa:
- imwani mankhwala kuti muchepetse kupanikizika pamavuto azadzidzidzi (omwe ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, muyenera kufunsa dokotala pasadakhale ndikugula mapiritsiwo kuti muthe);
- chotsani zofinya zovala, tsegulani zenera m'chipindacho;
- mugone pansi osagona kukhala pansi kuti mupange magazi amatuluka kuchokera kumutu mpaka kumapazi.
Muyerekeze kuti mukupanikizika kamodzi mphindi 20 zilizonse. Ngati sichigwa, chimakwera kwambiri kapena munthu akamva ululu mumtima, kufafaniza, muyenera kuyimbira ambulansi.
Kusankha kwa mankhwala
Kusankha mankhwala oyenera ochizira matenda oopsa sichinthu chovuta. Kwa wodwala aliyense, dokotala ayenera kupeza yankho lolondola, lomwe mu mulingo woyenera limachepetsa kuthamanga ndipo nthawi yomweyo silikhala ndi vuto lililonse mthupi. Wodwala amayenera kumwa mankhwala othandizira matenda oopsa tsiku lililonse moyo wake wonse, chifukwa nthendayi ndi matenda osachiritsika. Ndi matenda ashuga, kusankha kwamankhwala ndikovuta.
Mankhwala ochizira matenda oopsa mu shuga ayenera kukwaniritsa izi:
- bwino kuchepetsa mavuto popanda kutchulidwa mbali;
- kuteteza mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi pakukula kwa ma concomitant pathologies;
- musachulukitse shuga;
- Osamayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa metabolism yamafuta ndikuteteza impso ku zovuta zamagulu.
Sizotheka kuchepetsa kupanikizika kwa matenda osokoneza bongo motsutsana ndi maziko a shuga ndi mankhwala onse achikhalidwe cha antihypertensive. Nthawi zambiri, odwala oterewa amatchulidwa ACE inhibitors, diuretics ndi sartans.
Mankhwala amakono oletsa kupanikizika amapezeka mu mawonekedwe a piritsi yabwino. Ndikokwanira kumwa kamodzi kapena kawiri pa tsiku, kutengera mtundu ndi mawonekedwe a mankhwala
ACE inhibitors amachepetsa njira yosinthira mahomoni angiotensin 1 kukhala angiotensin 2. Hormone iyi mu mawonekedwe ake achiwiri omwe amapanga ma protein amachititsa vasoconstriction, ndipo chifukwa chake - kuchuluka kwakukulu. Angiotensin 1 ilibe katundu wofanana, ndipo chifukwa chakuchepa kwa kusintha kwake, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhalabe kwachilendo. ACE inhibitors ali ndi mwayi wochepetsera minulin insulin kukana komanso kuteteza impso.
Ma diuretics (okodzetsa) amachotsa madzi owonjezera mthupi. Monga mankhwala oyima pawokha pochiza matenda oopsa, sagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nthawi zambiri amalembedwa limodzi ndi ACE inhibitors.
Sartani ndi gulu la mankhwala oletsa kuthana ndi matenda oopsa omwe amalepheretsa chidwi cha angiotensin 2. Zotsatira zake, kusinthika kwa mawonekedwe osagwira ntchito a mahomoni kupita kwa omwe amagwira ntchito kumalepheretseka kwakukulu, ndipo kupanikizika kumakhalabe koyenera. Makina ochitapo kanthu mwa mankhwalawa ndiosiyana ndi mphamvu ya zoletsa ACE, koma zotsatira zake pakugwiritsa ntchito zili zofanana.
Ma Sartan ali ndi zotsatilapo zingapo zabwino:
- khalani ndi chitetezo pamtima, chiwindi, impso ndi mtsempha wamagazi;
- letsa kukalamba;
- kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha mitsempha ya mtima kuchokera ku ubongo;
- mafuta ochepa m'magazi.
Chifukwa cha izi, mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amakhala mankhwala osankhidwa pochiza matenda oopsa kwa odwala matenda a shuga. Samayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri komanso amachepetsa minyewa ya insulin. Posankha mankhwala kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi, dokotala amayenera kuganizira za zomwe wodwalayo ali nazo komanso kupezeka kwa matenda oyanjananso. Kulekerera kwa mankhwala omwewo mwa odwala osiyanasiyana kumatha kusiyanasiyana, ndipo mavuto amatha kuchitika ngakhale atakhala nthawi yayitali. Ndizowopsa kukhala osinkhasinkha, motero wodwalayo nthawi zonse amafunika kuwonana ndi dotolo kuti asankhe mankhwala oyenera ndikukonza dongosolo la mankhwalawo.
Kusiya kusuta kumalimbikitsa kwambiri odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Ndipo kwa odwala omwe apanga nthawi yomweyo matenda oopsa, izi ndizofunikira
Zakudya
Zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga komanso matenda oopsa ndi njira yabwino yothandizira thupi lopanda mankhwala. Mothandizidwa ndi kukonza zakudya, mungachepetse shuga, sungani nkhawa nthawi zonse ndikuchotsa edema. Mfundo zachithandizo zochizira odwala omwe ali ndi izi:
- kuletsa chakudya ndi mafuta mu chakudya;
- kukana chakudya chokazinga, chamafuta ndi chosuta;
- kuchepetsa mchere ndi zonunkhira;
- kusokonezeka kwa chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku mu chakudya 5-6;
- kusiyanitsidwa kwa mowa pazakudya.
Mchere umasunga madzi, chifukwa chake edema imayamba m'thupi, kotero kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumayenera kukhala kochepa. Kusankha zokometsera kwa matenda oopsa kulinso kochepa. Zonunkhira zokometsera komanso zonunkhira zimapangitsa chisangalalo cha mitsempha ndikuthandizira kufalikira kwa magazi. Izi zimatha kubweretsa kukakamizidwa, chifukwa chake ndikosayenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito. Mutha kusintha kakomedwe ka chakudya mothandizidwa ndi zitsamba zouma zouma komanso zatsopano, koma zochulukirapo ziyeneranso kukhala zochedwa.
Maziko a menyu a hypertonic, komanso odwala matenda ashuga, ndiwo ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso ndi nyama yopendekera. Ndikofunika kuti odwala oterowo adye nsomba, zomwe zimakhala ndi omega acid ndi phosphorous. M'malo mwa maswiti, mutha kudya mtedza. Zimawongolera ntchito zamaubongo ndipo zimagwira ngati gwero lamafuta athanzi, omwe munthu aliyense angafunikire Mlingo wochepa.
Chakudya chomaliza chimayenera kukhala pafupifupi 1.5-2 maola asanagone. Ngati munthu akumva njala yayikulu, mutha kumwa kapu ina iliyonse ya mkaka wopanda mkaka
Zithandizo za anthu
Ndi chithandizo chanthawi zonse chamankhwala, mitundu ina ya mankhwalawa itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo chowonjezera. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kuyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi adotolo, chifukwa si zitsamba zonse ndi mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa matenda a shuga. Zipangizo zachilengedwe siziyenera kungochepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso kuti zisachulukitse shuga.
Zithandizo za anthu a mtundu wachiwiri za matenda ashuga komanso matenda oopsa angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulimbitsa mitsempha ya magazi, kuteteza mtima ndi impso. Palinso ma decoctions ndi infusions omwe ali ndi diuretic kwambiri, omwe chifukwa cha izi amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Mankhwala ena achikhalidwe amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero la zinthu zofunika kufufuza ndi mavitamini ofunikira pamtima. Pachifukwa ichi, msuzi wa rosehip ndi zipatso zambiri zouma zokhala bwino ndizabwino. Suzi ndi zotsekemera sizingawonjezere zakumwa izi.
A decoction of quince masamba angagwiritsidwe ntchito mkati kuti muchepetse kupsinjika ndi shuga, komanso kunja kuchitira ming'alu mu matenda a shuga. Pa kukonzekera kwake, ndikofunikira kupera 2 tbsp. l zinthu zosaphika masamba, kutsanulira 200 ml ya madzi otentha pamwamba pawo ndikusunga kutentha pang'ono kwa kotala la ola limodzi. Atatha kusefa, mankhwalawa amatengedwa 1 tbsp. l katatu patsiku musanadye kapena pakani pakhungu lanu.
Kuti muchepetse kupanikizika, mutha kukonzekera choikidwapo cha makangaza a makangaza. Kuti muchite izi, 45 g ya zopangira ziyenera kuwiritsa mu kapu ya madzi otentha ndikusungidwa mumadzi osamba kwa mphindi 30. Imwani mankhwala osokoneza mawonekedwe 30 ml musanadye. Kusamba kwa phazi wamba komwe kumakhala ndi mpiru kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino. Zimathandizira kuyenderera kwa magazi, motero, ndizothandiza osati kuti muchepetse kukakamiza, komanso kukonza kukhudzika kwa khungu la miyendo ndi shuga.
Madzi a Cowberry ndi cranberry ndi malo osungira mavitamini ndi mchere. Imakhala ndi diuretic kwambiri, imachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndipo imathandizira kukhala ndi shuga. Mukaphika, ndikofunikira kuti mus kuwonjezera shuga ku zakumwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito zipatso zapamwamba, zapamwamba kwambiri. Pofuna kupewa zovuta zamankhwala, zimakhala bwino kudya adyo pang'ono tsiku lililonse ndi chakudya chokhazikika. Komabe, kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda otupa a m'mimba, izi sizabwino.
Zotsatira zabwino komanso kukhalabe ndi thanzi la wodwalayo, ndikofunikira kuchiza matenda oopsa komanso matenda a shuga. Matenda onsewa ndi osachiritsika, amasiya chiyembekezo cha moyo wa munthu. Koma mwakutsatira zakudya, kumwa mankhwala omwe dokotala wakupatsani komanso kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, mutha kumasula maphunziro awo ndikuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta zazikulu.
