Kapangidwe kamitsempha yamagazi yamagazi kozungulira komwe kumalepheretsa kayendedwe ka magazi ndi matenda owopsa komanso ofala kwambiri.
Pofuna kuthana ndikupanga kwambiri magazi, magazi osiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe amapanga mapuloteni a plasma factor antithrombin.
Chimodzi mwazomwe ndimakonda mankhwala oterewa ndi Fraxiparin, komanso m'malo mwake. Ndi fanizo ziti za Fraxiparin zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita zachipatala?
Dzinalo Lopanda Padziko Lonse
Fericxina dzina lake Fraxiparin, lomwe limawonetsa kuphatikizika kwa mankhwalawa, ndi calcium ya Nadroparin, dzina ladziko Lachilatini ndi Nadroparinum calcium.
Mankhwala Fraksiparin 0,3 ml
Maina onse ogulitsa mankhwalawa, ophatikizidwa ndi dzina limodzi, amakhala ndi mphamvu zofanana pa thupi la munthu mikhalidwe komanso kulimba kwake.
Kuphatikiza pa dzinalo, kusiyana pakati pa mankhwala omwe amasiyana ndi omwe amapanga ali mu kipimo, komanso kapangidwe ka iwo omwe amapezeka ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso osagwirizana ndi mankhwala omwe amapezeka mu mankhwalawa.
Wopanga
Mankhwala otchedwa Fraxiparin amapangidwa ku France kumalo opangira mankhwala omwe ali m'gulu lachiwiri lalikulu kwambiri lazamankhwala ku Europe, GlaxoSmithKline, likulu ku London.
Komabe, mankhwalawa ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri, kotero kuti makampani opanga mankhwala amapanga mawonekedwe ake ambiri.
Otsatsa otsika mtengo kwambiri amaphatikizapo:
- Nadroparin-Farmeks wopangidwa ndi Farmeks-Gulu (Ukraine);
- Novoparin wopangidwa ndi Genofarm Ltd (UK / China);
- Flenox yopangidwa ndi PAO Farmak (Ukraine);
Zogulitsa zoterezi zimapangidwanso ndi makampani angapo azamankhwala aku India ndi ku Europe. Malinga ndi zomwe zimachitika mthupi, ndizofanana.
Mlingo
Mankhwala amapezeka mu mawonekedwe a yankho la jakisoni. Kutengera ndi wopanga ndi mitundu, mitundu ingapo ya mankhwalawa ikhoza kupezeka.
Ochulukirapo ndi miyeso ya mamilimita 0,2, 0,3, 0,6 ndi 0,8. Makampani opanga makampani aku Germany Aspen Pharma atha kuperekedwa pa mulingo wa mamilimita 0,4.
Kunja, yankho lake ndiwopanda mafuta, wopanda khungu kapena wachikasu. Mankhwala amakhalanso ndi fungo. Chachilendo cha Fraxiparin ndikuti yankho lake silimaperekedwa mu ma ampoules omwe sitikuwadziwa makasitomala athu, amafuna kuti kugula kwa syringe koyenera kwa njira yoyenera ndi njira zina zisanalowe.
Mankhwalawa amagulitsidwa jakisoni wapadera wa syringe, wokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti mupeze jakisoni, ingochotsani kapu yoteteza ku singano ndikulimbira pa piston.
Chofunikira chachikulu
Mosasamala dzina la mtundu womwe mankhwalawo amapangidwa ndi opanga, mphamvu yake yogwira imakhala yochepa kulemera kwa heparin.Ma polysaccharide olekanitsidwa ndi chiwindi ndi ogwira anticoagulant.
Kamodzi m'magazi, heparin amayamba kumangiriza kumalo a cationic a tri-antithrombin.
Zotsatira zake, mamolekyulu a antithrombin amasintha zomwe amagwira ndikupanga ma enzyme ndi mapuloteni omwe amachititsa magazi kuundana, makamaka, pa thrombin, kallikrein, komanso ma serine proteinase.
Kuti chinthu chizitha kugwira ntchito mwachangu komanso mwachangu, molekyu yake "yayitali" ya polymer imagawidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi depolymerization pansi pazinthu zapadera pazida zovuta.
Mimba analogues
Fraxiparin wa mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yapakati.
Zowonadi, nthawi imeneyi, chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ma mahomoni, mphamvu za magazi zomwe zimawonjezeka, zomwe zimatha kubweretsa zovuta zambiri. Ndi fanizo ziti za mankhwalawa zomwe zingatengedwe pobala mwana wosabadwayo?
Nthawi zambiri, Angioflux amagwiritsidwa ntchito - chisakanizo cha tizigawo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatulutsa timene timatulutsidwa kuchokera ku mucosa. Makapisozi oyendetsera pakamwa, komanso mayankho ogwira mtima a jakisoni alipo.
Analog ina yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pathupi ndi hepatrombin. Malinga ndi kapangidwe kazinthu zomwe zimagwira, ndimayendedwe mwamtheradi a Fraxiparin, komabe, imasiyana mu mawonekedwe. Mosiyana ndi izi, hepatrombin imapezeka mu mawonekedwe a mafuta ogwiritsira ntchito kunja.
Mafuta a Hepatrombin
Pomaliza, kukonzekera kwa Wessel Duet F, komwe kumakhala mitundu yosakanikirana ndi ma polysaccharides - glycosaminoglycans, kumathandizanso ku Fraxiparin. Kuwongolera kwawo kumathandizanso factor X ya magazi kugundana ndimagayidwe amodzi a prostaglandins komanso kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa fibrinogen m'magazi.
Zofananira zotsika mtengo
Tsoka ilo, monga zinthu zambiri zaku Europe, Fraxiparin ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri. Komabe, pali mitundu yake yotsika mtengo yomwe imaloleza kupewa koyenera ndi chithandizo cha mawonetseredwe a thrombotic ndikusunga ndalama. Zofanizira zotsika mtengo kwambiri za mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala opangidwa ku China, India ndi CIS.
Enoxaparin-Pharmex jekeseni
Kukula kopezekanso kumachitika ndi mankhwala omwe amadziwika ndi dzina la Eneksaparin-Farmeks ochokera ku Ukraine. Pokonzekera kampani "Pharmex-Gulu", chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimapangidwanso ndimothandizirana, ndiko kuti, chosagwirizana, heparin.
Osakwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa Enoxarin wopangidwa ndi Biovita Laboratories - gulu lalikulu la mankhwala ku India. Imaperekedwanso mu syringe yapadera yotaya ndipo imakhala ndi chinthu chofananira - calcium phula la "kufupi" heparin.
Mmalo ofala kwambiri a Fraxiparin ndi mankhwala otchedwa Clexane. Mankhwala achifalansa agwiritsidwa ntchito popanga, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti mankhwalawa ndi otetezeka kwambiri.
Kusiyana kwa Fraksiparin kuchokera ku Kleksan
Clexane amasiyanitsidwa ndi mtengo wokwera, komabe, amawonedwa ndi madotolo angapo ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti amamuwona ngati wabwino kwambiri komanso wogwira mtima pa nthawi yapakati.
Kugwiritsa ntchito Clexane ndimtundu wautali, wachibale wa Fraxiparin, zimakhudza thupi.
Clexane Jekeseni
Malinga ndi machitidwe wamba, ndikofunikira kuyendetsa Fraxiparin kawiri pa tsiku. Nthawi yomweyo, Clexane amathandizira mkati mwa maola 24, omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa jakisoni ndi theka.
Popeza mankhwalawa amatengedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha jekeseni tsiku ndi tsiku kumakondedwa malinga ndi chilimbikitso cha odwala komanso thanzi.
Kupanda kutero, mankhwalawa ali ofanana ndendende ndipo samasiyana mwanjira yotulutsidwa, kapena pazinthu zomwe zimagwira, kapena momwe thupi limayang'anira.
Zabwino ndi ziti?
Fraxiparin kapena Heparin
Chimodzi mwa mankhwala oyamba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakupanga magazi kwambiri anali Heparin, mankhwala okhala ndi sodium heparin monga chinthu chogwira ntchito.Komabe, pakadali pano ikulowedwa m'malo ndi Fraxiparin ndi ma analogues ake.
Malingaliro oti Heparin amawoloka chotchinga ndipo amatha kukhala ndi vuto pa mwana wosabadwa ndi wopanda nzeru.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku, onse a Fraxiparin ndi Heparin samawonetsa kutuluka kwa placenta ndipo amatha kukhala ndi vuto pa mwana wosabadwayo pokhapokha mlingo wovomerezeka udapitilira.
Kukula kwa Fraxiparin muzochitika zamankhwala zamakono kumafotokozedwa kokha ndi kupezeka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito kwake - apo ayi mankhwalawo ali ndi zofanana zofanana.
Fraxiparin kapena Fragmin
Fragmin, monga mankhwala ena mgululi, ali ndi heparin. Komabe, Fragmin amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati coagulant, mosiyana ndi Fraxiparin, omwe adapangidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yapakati.
Fragmin jakisoni
Ngati chomaliza chili ndi calcium calcium yogwiritsira ntchito, ndiye kuti Fragmin ali ndi mchere wa sodium wa heparin. Pali umboni kuti pankhaniyi, Fragmin imakhudzanso thupi.
Mukamamwa mankhwalawa, magazi ochokera m'mitsempha yochepa thupi amakhala ochulukirapo. Makamaka, kugwiritsa ntchito Fragmin kumatha kuyambitsa mphuno zapakhungu, komanso kutaya magazi kwa mtima.
Makanema okhudzana nawo
Momwe mungapangire jekeseni wotsekemera wa Clexane:
Pafupifupi pali mitundu pafupifupi khumi ndi iwiri ya Fraxiparin, yomwe imasiyana mtengo wokwera kwambiri kapena kuchitapo kanthu kwa nthawi yayitali, ndikukulolani kuti mupulumutse ndalama popewa kugwedezeka kwamwazi wamagazi komwe kumachitika pa nthawi ya pakati kapena vuto la enzymatic.
