MULINGO WA SHUGA M'MAGAZI: GOME NDI MIBADWO, ZIZINDIKIRO ZA OKALAMBA

Send

Thupi laumunthu ndi dongosolo lovuta kulumikizana pakati pa ntchito ya ziwalo ndi machitidwe, zowonetsedwa ndikuyenda kwa njira zingapo zofunika. Glucose ndiye gawo lalikulu la dongosololi, lomwe limapereka maselo ndi minyewa mwamphamvu. Pali zochitika zam'magazi momwe njira yokhazikitsira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi imasokonekera. Izi zimayambitsa chitukuko cha matenda. Zotsatirazi zikuwonetsedwa momwe ziyenera kukhalira shuga, zomwe zingayambitse kusintha kwa zomwe zikuwonetsa komanso zomwe zikuwonetsa kusintha kwa munthu wamkulu ndi mwana.

Kodi shuga ndi chiyani ndi ntchito zake

Glucose (shuga) ndi mafuta osavuta amene amalowa m'thupi la munthu ndi chakudya. Ndikofunikira kuti moyo wa munthu uzichitika mokwanira. Anthu ambiri omwe samvetsetsa zovuta za physiology amakhulupirira kuti glucose imangoyambitsa kuchuluka kwa thupi, koma sichoncho. Mankhwala amatsimikizira kuti shuga ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimapatsa maselo mphamvu.

Chakudya chikawilikiza, ma carbohydrate ovuta (saccharides) amawonongeka kwa chakudya chosavuta (monga, fructose ndi galactose). Shuga amalowa m'magazi ndipo amatengedwa kudutsa thupi lonse.

Gawo limagwiritsidwa ntchito pazofunikira zamagetsi, ndipo zotsalazo zimayikidwa mu maselo a minofu ndi minofu ya adipose posungira. Njira yokumba itatha, kusintha kosiyanako kumayamba, pomwe milids ndi glycogen zimasinthidwa kukhala glucose. Chifukwa chake, munthu amakhala ndi shuga nthawi zonse.

Ntchito zazikuluzikulu za shuga:

amatenga nawo kagayidwe;
amathandiza kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito yoyenera;
imapereka mphamvu ku maselo ndi minyewa yaubongo, yofunikira kuthandizira kukumbukira okuhle, chisamaliro, ntchito zazidziwitso;
kumapangitsa magwiridwe antchito a minofu ya mtima;
imapereka kukwezedwa mofulumira;
amathandizira mkhalidwe wamagetsi am'maganizo, amachotsa zoyipa zamavuto;
amatenga nawo gawo pakusintha machitidwe a minofu;
Imathandizira kuti chiwindi chizigwiritsa ntchito poizoni ndi poizoni.

Njira ya shuga yolowa m'maselo a thupi

Kuphatikiza pa zabwino, glucose imathanso kukhala ndi vuto pakugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo ndi machitidwe a thupi. Izi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa nthawi yayitali kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Zoyipa zake ndi izi:

magawo a kulemera kwamthupi;
kupezeka kwa zovuta zamagazi;
kuchuluka kwa pancreatic;
matupi awo sagwirizana;
kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi;
kusintha kwa mkhalidwe wamisempha yamtima;
kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi;
kusintha momwe zinthu ziliri.

Zofunika! Amakhulupirira kuti, mwa munthu wabwinobwino, kudya shuga kumayenera kulipidwa mokwanira ndi mphamvu zake.

Mwazi wamagazi (wabwinobwino)

Shuga wamba wamagazi samatengera jenda, amatha kusiyanasiyana pang'ono kutengera zaka. Kwa munthu wamkulu, mulingo wa 3.33-5,55 mmol / L umawerengedwa kuti ndi wabwino kwambiri.

Kwa ana, ziwerengero zimakhala zochepa. Mwana wasukulu yam'mbuyo amaonedwa kuti ndi wathanzi ngati kuchuluka kwake kwa shuga sikupitirira 5 mmol / l, koma nthawi yomweyo sayenera kugwa ndikukhala ochepera 3.2 mmol / l. Machitidwe ovomerezeka a shuga wamagazi mpaka chaka si ochepera 2.8 mmol / l, osaposa 4.4 mmol / l.

Pali vuto lotchedwa prediabetes. Iyi ndi nthawi yomwe chiyembekezo cha matenda a shuga chimapezeka. Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi sikwabwino, koma sikokwanira kuti tidziwe "matenda okoma." Tebulo lotsatirali likuwonetsa m'badwo wa glycemia weniweni wa prediabetes (mmol / L).

Gulu la zaka	Chovomerezeka	Zolemba Zoyenera
Makanda ndi Makanda	4,5	4,9
M'badwo wa Preschool	5,1	5,5
Zaka 5 ndi akulu, akulu	5,6	6

Shuga wamagazi owopsa

Kukula kwa shuga m'mitsempha kumakhala kosiyana pang'ono, chifukwa chake ndibwino katswiri wodziwa bwino kuyesa zotsatira zake. Anthu amachita mantha ataona kuchuluka kwambiri ndipo amadzidziwitsa okha.

Zofunika! Muyezo wa shuga m'magazi amadzimadzi sayenera kupitirira 6 mmol / l. Izi zimatengedwa ngati chinthu chofunikira kwa munthu wamkulu komanso mwana kuyambira zaka 5.

Mkhalidwe wamatenda omwe matenda a shuga amadziwika kuti ndiwopezeka kuti ndi manambala pamwamba pa 7.1 mmol / L. Mlingo wa glycemia pakati pa chizindikiro ichi ndi chovomerezeka chitha kuwonetsa kukula kwa prediabetes.

Magazi a Venous - kwachilengedwenso popeza momwe thupi liliri

Matenda a glucose

Shuga wabwinobwino kapena kusintha kwa manambala ake kumatsimikiziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a labotale. Pali njira zingapo, chilichonse chomwe chimakhala ndi zake.

Kusanthula kwamankhwala

Njira yowunikirayi siziwonetsa nambala ya saccharide, koma imatsimikizira kapena kukana kukhalapo kwa chikhalidwe cha pathological. Mothandizidwa ndi kusanthula kwamankhwala, mutha kuwunika momwe maselo amagazi alili, kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa magazi, mulingo wakudzaza kwa thupi ndi mpweya ndi chitsulo.

Mwazi wamagazi

Zizindikiro za Mwazi Pansi

Pozindikira, amatenga magazi a capillary kuchokera pachala. Zotsatira zake zakonzeka tsiku lotsatira mutatenga nkhaniyo. Zomwe zimayenera kukhala shuga zamagazi pakuwunika kumeneku zikufotokozedwa pamwambapa. Zambiri zomwe zimapezeka pokhapokha ngati wodwalayo adakonzekera bwino mayeso:

kukana chakudya maola 8 asanazindikiridwe;
ndizosatheka kumwa tiyi, khofi, timadziti patsiku la sampling zakuthupi (madzi okha amaloledwa);
Musamatsitsize mano anu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chingamu musanayambe mayeso;
Maola 24 kusiya zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi mankhwala (atakambirana ndi dokotala).

Ubongo

Pogwiritsa ntchito kusanthula uku, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi a venous amatsimikizika. Imachitika mu milandu yotsatirayi:

mayeso apadera achitetezo pachaka;
kulemera kwamatenda;
matenda a endocrine;
Zizindikiro za hyper- kapena hypoglycemia;
kuwunika kwa odwala kuti adziwe momwe mankhwalawo aluso.

Zofunika! Kodi shuga wamagazi ndimtundu uti, womwe takambirana pamwambapa. Monga lamulo, limasiyana ndi 8-10% kuchokera pamlingo wa capillary glycemia.

Kufotokozera za kulolerana

Njira yodziwikirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira prediabetes kapena matenda a shuga a 2. Amapangidwanso kuti ali ndi pakati pobala mwana.

Dziwani zambiri za kuchuluka kwa shuga panthawi yapakati m'nkhaniyi.

Pali nyengo zina zomwe maselo amthupi amataya chidwi chawo ndi insulin (mahomoni am'mimba kapamba, zomwe ndizofunikira pakugawa shuga m'thupi). Zotsatira zake ndi njala yamagetsi ndikuwonjezera kuwerenga kwa shuga.

Njira yodziwitsira matenda imakhala kuti wodwalayo amatsitsidwa kuchokera mu mtsempha kapena chala, ndiye kuti yankho lokoma lochokera ku shuga limaperekedwa kuti amwe. Pakapita nthawi, zinthuzo zimatengedwanso. Ganizirani kuchuluka kwa shuga omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mankhwalawo komanso pambuyo pake.

Kukula kwazotsatira ndi zoyambira zili pansipa.

Kuunikira zotsatira za kuyeserera kwa shuga

Glycosylated hemoglobin

Mitengo ya shuga m'magulu akuluakulu ndi ana imatha kuwerengetsa osati mmol / l, komanso kuchuluka. Izi zikugwiranso ntchito pa matenda a glycosylated hemoglobin. Chizindikirocho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa glycemia wapakati wa mutuwo kotala lomaliza.

Zofunika! Njira ndiyofunikira kufotokozera bwino momwe mankhwalawo alili. Peresenti iliyonse imafanana ndi gawo lina la glycemia.

Kodi kukula kwa shuga sikumadziwika kuti ndi njira yanji?

Pali zikhalidwe zingapo momwe glycemia yowonjezereka sikutanthauza kuti munthu akudwala ndi zinazake. Uku ndiye kutchedwa kwachuluke kwakukhalitsa pakugwira ntchito. Amawerengedwa kuti ndi kanthawi kochepa ndipo amayamba chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo zakunja ndi zakunja:

kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri;
zochitika zovutitsa;
kusamba posamba;
kusuta
kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a mahomoni;
mkhalidwe wakukhazikika;
kudya zakudya.

Mutha kuwerenga zambiri za kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mutatha kudya m'nkhaniyi.

Kodi muyenera kuyang'ana kangati shuga?

Chiwerengero chonsecho chimayenera kukayezetsa (mayeso a udokotala) kamodzi pachaka. Ndi pakadali pano kuti ndikofunikira kudutsa mayeso kuti muwonetsetse kuti palibenso matenda.

Ngati munthu ali ndi matenda ashuga, sizili choncho pano. Odwala amatenga glucometer kuti azigwiritsa ntchito kunyumba. Chipangizochi chimakulolani kuyeza mulingo wa glycemia poika dontho la magazi pamlingo wapadera woyeza womwe umagwiridwa ndi mankhwala agengents.

Poyamba, wodwalayo nthawi zambiri amayenera kuyesa miyezo. Monga lamulo, izi zimachitika tisanayambe kudya komanso tisanadye, tisanayambe ndi masewera, ndikumva njala yayikulu komanso usiku.

Glucometer - chida chosunthika chomwe chimakupatsani mwayi kuyang'anira zizindikiro za glycemia

Zofunika! Pambuyo pake, odwala matenda ashuga amatenga miyezo potengera momwe akumvera. Koma ngakhale mutalipidwa, ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse osachepera katatu pa sabata.

Zizindikiro za glucose amasintha

Kukula kochulukirapo kapena kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi kumadziwika kuti ndi matenda omwe amayenera kuthandizidwa.

Hypoglycemia

Kutsika uku kumakhala pansi panjira yolandirika. Imatha kukula pang'onopang'ono, pomwe imayendera limodzi ndi zizindikiro zingapo, kapena mwachangu, kumapitilira ngati khansa ya hypoglycemic.

Zimachitika motsutsana ndi zotsatirazi:

kuchepa madzi m'thupi;
kuchuluka chakudya mu chakudya;
mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulin kapena mapiritsi a antidiabetesic;
kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri;
kusamba kwa akazi;
adrenal cortex homone akusowa;
kukhalapo kwa insulinomas;
chachikulu kulowetsedwa mankhwala.

Odwala amadandaula chifukwa cha thukuta, kumva kugunda kwamtima kosagwirizana, kunjenjemera kwa minofu, komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi. Pali pathological kumverera kwa njala, kukwiya, mawonetseredwe ayspeptic.

Kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo lamanjenje kumawonetsedwa ndi kuphwanya kwa kayendedwe ka malo ndi nthawi, cephalalgia, chizungulire, komanso kusintha kwa chidwi cha khungu. Matenda a khunyu, kugona, komwe kumasandulika chikomokere (pakalibe chithandizo chamankhwala panthawi yake), akuti.

Zizindikiro za dziko la hypoglycemic ziyenera kusiyanitsidwa ndi ma pathologies ena

Amanena za hypoglycemia ngati msinkhu wa shuga mwa abambo utsika ku 2.8 mmol / l, ndipo mwa akazi - mpaka 2.3 mmol / l.

Mutha kuwerenga zambiri za momwe shuga amapezeka mwa akazi m'nkhaniyi.

Hyperglycemia

Amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa glycemia, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumatsimikizira kuopsa kwa matenda. Digiri yofatsa imayamba ndi zizindikiro zosaposa 8.3 mmol / L, ziwerengero za 10,5 mmol / L ndizodziwika kwambiri.

Hyperglycemia yayikulu imachitika pamene shuga ali pamwamba 11 mmol / L. Ngati glucose amapitilira 16 mmol / l, titha kulankhula za mtundu wa precoma. Ketoacidotic amakula pamtunda wa 32 mmol / L, ndipo hyperosmolar coma imayamba pa 55 mmol / L.

Etiological zifukwa za hyperglycemia zitha kukhala:

matenda a shuga;
bulimia
kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali (mahomoni, okodzetsa, antidepressants, cytostatics);
kupsinjika

Kuwonetsedwa kwa hyperglycemia ndi kuchuluka kwamkodzo, ludzu kwambiri komanso kuuma kwa mucous nembanemba. Odwala amadandaula za kuyabwa kwa khungu, totupa, kuchepa kwa mawonekedwe owoneka.

Njira zakukonzera kuchuluka kwa shuga

Ngati zikuwonekeratu kuti shuga ya munthu wagwa kwambiri, ingoluma kuti udye china chake chomwe chimakhala ndi chakudya chambiri mkati mwake. Ikhoza kukhala muffin, shuga woyengedwa, chokoleti, tiyi wokoma, uchi kapena kupanikizana.

Mukasintha moyo wanu, ndi bwino kukaonana ndi katswiri kuti akakhale ndi mayeso ena. Palibe mavuto kuchokera ku endocrine system, ndikofunikira kuganizira zama psychosomatics. Posachedwa, pakhala zovuta zina zomwe zimakhudza thanzi la munthu, makamaka mkhalidwe wa glycemia. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi chakuti kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi athanzi kumatsika kwambiri.

Zofunika! Pofuna kukonza, kusuntha ndi bata.

Dokotala ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino yemwe adzazindikire zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwa glycemia

Manambala amitundu yambiri a glucose amafunikanso kukonza. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito njira izi:

pafupipafupi chakudya chamadzulo;
kukana chakudya chofulumira, mafuta, yokazinga, ndi fodya;
zolimbitsa thupi ziyenera kupezeka, koma pang'ono;
pewani njala, kuti izi zitha kukhala ndi chakudya cham'maso (mwachitsanzo, zipatso zina, ma cookie a biscuit, kefir);
kudya okwanira kwamadzi m'thupi;
kuwunikira pafupipafupi zizindikiro za shuga (kunyumba kapena kunja);
chepetsa mphamvu ya kupsinjika.

Kutsatira malangizowa kuthandizira kupitiriza kuzindikiritsa glucose mkati mwazovomerezeka, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pamaso pamikhalidwe ya pathological. Njira zoterezi zitha kulipirira matenda ndikulepheretsa kukula kwa zovuta.

Send