Kudziwa endocrinologists nthawi zambiri amafunsidwa kuti ndi anthu angati omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe amakhala ndi insulini amakhala. Matendawa amakwiya chifukwa cha zovuta za kapamba. Chiwalo cha endocrine chimatulutsa insulini, timadzi timene timathandiza kuthana ndi shuga.
Ngati izi sizokwanira mthupi kapena kapangidwe kake kasinthidwa, shuga amayamba kudziunjikira m'magazi. Kuchuluka kwake kwambiri kumakhudza machitidwe onse ndi ntchito.
Mtima ndi mtima uli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chifukwa, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, makoma amitsempha yamagazi yonse ndi mitsempha imakhala yochepa thupi komanso yochepa. Kutalika kwa moyo wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga kumachepa osati chifukwa cha matenda oyambitsidwa, koma chifukwa cha zovuta ndi zotsatirapo zake.
Zomwe zikuchitika pakupanga shuga
Kuti mumvetsetse momwe amakhala ndi matenda a shuga ku insulin, muyenera kumvetsetsa momwe matendawa amakhalira. Momwe kuzindikira koyenera kumapangidwira ndikuthandizira moyenera kumayambitsidwa, ndizotheka mwayi wobwerera m'moyo wonse.
Matenda a shuga ndi amitundu iwiri - I ndi II. Popanda kufotokoza tsatanetsatane wa matendawa, titha kunena kuti mtundu ndine wobadwanso, ndipo mtundu II ndi womwe umapezeka. Matenda A shuga a Type I amakula asanakwanitse zaka 30. Mukazindikira izi, insulini yochita kupanga singathe kugawidwa ndi.
Matenda a shuga omwe amapezeka ndi zotsatira za vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, moyo wopanda ntchito. Imapezeka nthawi zambiri mwa anthu okalamba, koma pang'onopang'ono matendawa amakhala ocheperako. Kuzindikira koteroko nthawi zambiri kumachitika kwa achinyamata azaka 35 mpaka 40.
Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, jakisoni wa insulin sofunikira nthawi zonse. Mutha kusintha shuga yanu yamagazi mwakuwongolera zakudya zanu. Tiyenera kusiya zokometsera, ufa, masamba okhuthala ndi zipatso. Zakudya zoterezi zimabweretsa zotsatira zabwino.
Ngati simunayang'anire zakudya zanu mosamala, ndiye kuti pakapita nthawi komanso mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, mufunika mankhwala ena owonjezera a insulin.
Kutalika kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga kumakhala nthawi yayitali molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa matendawa. Tonse tiyenera kudziwa zizindikiro za matenda akulu a endocrinological kuti tipewe zotsatirapo zake ngati tazindikira mochedwa.
Mndandandandawu umaphatikizapo:
- Kuchepetsa thupi mwadzidzidzi;
- Kuperewera kwa chakudya;
- Pakamwa pokhapokha pouma;
- Kumva ludzu;
- Kufooka, kusasamala;
- Kwambiri kuvuta.
Kuwonetsera kwa chizindikiro chimodzi kapena zingapo nthawi imodzi kuyenera kukuchenjezani. Ndikofunika kuti mupereke magazi ndi mkodzo nthawi yomweyo kuti muwone ngati ali ndi shuga. Kusanthula uku kumachitika mwachangu, koma kuti mupeze zotsatira zodalirika, simuyenera kudya maswiti ambiri mawa musanazindikire.
Maphunziro owonjezera amatha kudziwa mtundu wa shuga, makamaka chitukuko. Izi ndizofunikira popanga regimen yotsatira. Kuzindikira koyambirira ndi chitsimikizo cha tsogolo labwino la mankhwala omwe akubwera. Ngakhale kuti matenda ashuga sangachiritsidwe kwathunthu, zamankhwala zamakono komanso zamankhwala zimatha kupulumutsa odwala pazovuta zambiri zomwe zimawonetsa matendawa ndikukhalitsa moyo wawo.
Ngati owonjezera jakisoni wa insulin
Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, insulini siipangidwa konse ndi kapamba. Ngati timadzi tonenepa sitikhala m'thupi, glucose amadziunjikira. Zimapezeka pafupifupi zakudya zonse, chifukwa chake chakudya chokha sichingafanane ndi kusowa kwa chinthu ichi. Mankhwala obayira a mahomoni amafunikira.
Gulu la insulin yokumba ndi yochulukirapo. Imakhala nthawi yayitali, yayifupi, yayitali, yayitali. Makhalidwewa amatengera kuthamanga kwa kuchitapo kanthu. Ultrashort insulin yomweyo imaphwanya shuga m'thupi, ndikuyika dontho lakuthwa m'magazi ake, koma nthawi yake ndi mphindi 10-15.
Insulin yayitali imathandizira kukhala ndi shuga nthawi yayitali kwa nthawi yayitali. Kusankhidwa koyenera kwa mankhwalawa kumatsimikizira momwe wodwalayo alili. Kudumphadumpha kulikonse kwa zizindikiro zotere kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zoyipa. Zoopsa ndizapamwamba kwambiri shuga m'magazi, ndipo ndizochepa kwambiri.
Kuti mupeze njira yoyenera yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa, ndikofunikira kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga kangapo patsiku. Masiku ano, zida zapadera - glucometer zimathandiza pamenepa. Simuyenera kupita ku labotale kuti mukayezetse. Dongosolo limadzipenda lokha magawo a shuga. Njirayi siyopweteka.
Choperewera chapadera chimapanga punction pa chala. Dontho la magazi osasinthika limayikidwa pa Mzere wakuyesedwa, zotsatira zapano zimapezeka pompopompo.
Dokotala wopezekapo amafotokoza momveka bwino mankhwalawo. Ndizovuta chifukwa zimadalira kuchuluka kwa shuga. Pokhapokha ngati moyo wa wodwala wodwala matenda osachiritsika ungatalike.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba ndi a 2
Mtundu woyamba wa shuga, kapamba samatulutsa insulin konse. Mu matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri, kuchuluka kwake sikokwanira kuthana ndi shuga onse m'thupi, chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumawonjezeka nthawi ndi nthawi. Pakadali pano, kuyambitsa insulin yowonjezera sikofunikira, chifukwa kapamba imatha kutaya ntchito ngati zinthu zomwe amapanga zimachokera kunja.
Yankho la funso loti amakhala bwanji ndi matenda ashuga a 2 zimatengera zinthu zambiri:
- Kodi wodwalayo amatsata zakudya;
- Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala;
- Kodi mulingo wakuchita zolimbitsa thupi;
- Kodi amamwa mankhwala okonza.
Ndi matenda amtunduwu, kupanga osati insulin kokha, komanso ma enzymes am'mimba amasokonezeka. Kutsogolera ntchito ya kapamba, kapamba, mafuta, ndi mankhwala ena omwe amapindulitsa pamimba yonse yamatumbo amayikidwa.
Kutalikitsa moyo wabwinobwino kumathandiza ndikuwongolera ntchito ya ndulu. Chiwalochi chimalumikizana kwambiri ndi kapamba. Kukhazikika kwa bile kumabweretsa mavuto akulu mthupi, ngakhale kusakhalako kwathunthu sikutanthauza chilichonse chabwino.
Kuti muwonjezere moyo ndikusintha mawonekedwe ake, muyenera kuyang'anira machitidwe ndi ntchito zonse mthupi. Odwala ena amafunafuna yankho la momwe amakhala ndi matenda ashuga a 2 popanda kudya. Ngati simumangokhala ndi chakudya chokha, ndiye kuti zotsatirapo zake zimakhala zoipa kwambiri. Ndi njira yosasamalirayi yathanzi, munthu amwalira miyezi ingapo.
Ndi anthu angati omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe adakhalako asanapangidwe insulin
Insulin yothandizira pamakampani opanga anayamba kupangidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kokha m'zaka za XX. Izi zisanachitike, matenda ashuga anali chilango kwa wodwalayo. Chiyembekezo chamoyo pambuyo pakuzindikiridwa sichidapitilira zaka 10 ndikudya. Nthawi zambiri odwala amafa zaka 1-3 zitadwala. Ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amwalira miyezi yochepa.
Masiku ano zinthu zasintha kwambiri. Tiyenera kuthokoza asayansi, asing'anga, ndi akatswiri azamankhwala omwe akuphunzirabe matendawa mwachidwi, makamaka njira yake, chitukuko, zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kusokonekera kwa kapamba.
Ngakhale atapeza zinthu zambiri m'derali komanso kuwonjezereka kwa zamankhwala, komwe kumachitika kumapeto kwa zaka chikwi zapitazi, mayankho a mafunso ambiri okhudzana ndi matendawa sanapezekepo.
Madokotala sakudziwa chifukwa chake odwala amatenga matenda amtundu woyamba, chifukwa nthawi zina kapamba amapanga insulini kwathunthu, koma imakhala "yopanda tanthauzo" ndipo sangathe kugwetsa shuga. Mayankho a mafunso awa akapezeka, tidzatha kuyimitsa kuwonjezeka kwapadziko lonse lapansi.
Maupangiri Awo Aakulu a shuga
Pambuyo pakuzindikira, moyo wabwinobwino umasinthiratu. Zimatenga nthawi kuti muzolowere malamulo atsopanowa, koma popanda izi ndizosatheka kukhalapo mwachizolowezi.
Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala:
- Idyani monga mwa njira yomwe mwakonzera, siyani zakudya zonse zoletsedwa. Kukula kwakukulu ndi kusowa kwathunthu kwa shuga. Zinthu zambiri za anthu odwala matenda ashuga tsopano zagulitsidwa - buledi wapadera, chimanga, chokoleti komanso mkaka wofinya ndi fructose.
- Yesetsani kuti musachite mantha. Matenda a shuga amakhalanso ndi vuto lamanjenje, izi zimadziwika nthawi yomweyo ndi abale a odwala. Kuchulukitsa kwadzaoneni, kufalikira mwamphamvu kwaukali ndizomwe zikuwonetsera matendawa. Muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti kupsinjika kulikonse, kutengeka mtima kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale zochulukirapo. Ndikofunika kuti mutenge mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe adokotala amuuzani.
- Chepetsani zolimbitsa thupi. Mu shuga mellitus, osavomerezeka kuchita nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi chifukwa odwala amadwala a metabolic amapita mosiyana ndi anthu wamba. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti zolimbitsa thupi ziyenera kusiyiratu. Kuyenda kotalika mumlengalenga kumakhala ndi zotsatira zopindulitsa thupi.
Matenda a shuga Ana - Moyo Pakatikati
Nthawi zambiri makolo amakonda kudziwa kuchuluka kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe amakhala ndi insulin. Muubwana, ndi mtundu woyamba wa shuga wokha womwe umayamba. Ndi njira yoyenera, mwana amatha kusinthidwa pagulu lodzaza kuti asadzione ngati wosavomerezeka, koma zotsatira zoyipa zimatsalira moyo.
Chifukwa chakuti zikondamoyo mu makanda sizigwira ntchito moyenera, njira zonse za metabolic m'thupi zimasokonezeka. Odwala ang'onoang'ono amalemera kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi mtima, dongosolo lamafuku. Zotsatira zoyipa za nthawi zonse zamankhwala, matenda ophatikizika, zovuta zimafupikitsa moyo.
Tsopano munthu wodwala matenda ashuga aubwana wakhala zaka pafupifupi 30. Ichi ndi chithunzi chochititsa chidwi, popeza zaka zana zapitazo, ana omwe adapezeka ndi matendawa sanakhale ndi moyo zaka zopitilira 10. Mankhwala samayima, ndizotheka kwambiri kuti mu zaka makumi atatu ndi zitatu odwala oterowo azitha kukhala phee mpaka kukalamba.
Kodi ndizotheka kubwerera ku moyo wathunthu pambuyo podziwonetsa
Munthu kapena wachibale akapezeka ndi matenda a shuga, zimakhala zovuta kuvomereza. Koma muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti ngati muthandizidwa moyenera komanso kutsatira malangizo onse a dotolo, mutha kubwerera mwachangu ku moyo wathunthu.
Zipangizo zamakono zapadera, zopambana za sayansi ndi ukadaulo zimathandizira mu izi. Padziko lonse lapansi, mapampu a insulin amagwiritsidwa ntchito kale. Makina odziyimira pawokha amatenga magazi kangapo patsiku, kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndikusankha kuchuluka kwa insulini ndikuwibayira mogwirizana ndi chiwembu.
Wodwala samakhazikika kunyumba kapena kuchipatala, samachita kuwerengera zovuta, amakhala moyo wokangalika, samadandaula za tsogolo lake. Zinthu ngati izi zitha kupititsa patsogolo moyo wa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.
Njira zopewera
Kuti mumvetsetse momwe mumakhalira ndi shuga pa insulin, muyenera kufunsa zambiri ndi endocrinologist. Pali madotolo omwe amakhazikika makamaka pothandizira matenda awa. Anthu athanzi ayeneranso kudziwa njira zopewera matenda ashuga. Onetsetsani kuti mumayesa magazi pafupipafupi.
Ndi malingaliro oyenera kuumoyo, munthu wodwala matenda ovuta ngati awa amatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka 70-80. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi anthu ambiri odziwika omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe adakhalako mpaka zaka zapamwamba - Yuri Nikulin, Ella Fitzgerald, Faina Ranevskaya.
