Hepatomegaly ndikuwonjezera kukula kwa chiwindi. Izi siziri matenda odziyimira pawokha, koma amawoneka ngati chizindikiro cha matenda onse a chiwindi. Nthawi zina chiwalochi chimatha kukula mpaka kuyamba kuwoneka pamimba.
Amayambitsa hepatomegaly, ndi chiyani
Pankhani ya zovuta za metabolic, chiwindi chimayamba kudziunjikira chakudya chamafuta, mafuta ndi zinthu zina za metabolic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonjezeke. Pakati pa matenda akudziunjikira, hemochromatosis, amyloidosis, mafuta a hepatosis, ndi kuchepa kwa magazi kwa hepatolenticular. Zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonekera kwa metabolic zimayenderana ndi moyo wa munthu, koma zina mwazomwe zimachitika ndimtundu wa makolo.
Matenda onse a chiwindi amatsogolera kuwonongeka kwa maselo ake. Poterepa, mwina kusinthaku kumayamba, kapena kutupika kwa minofu kumachitika. Ndi edema, ndikofunikira kuchotsa zotupa kuti mubwezeretse chiwalo kukhala chabwinobwino.
Kukonzanso kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kukonza, chifukwa minofu yakale imawonongeka pang'onopang'ono kuposa momwe minyewa yatsopano imapangidwira.
Zotsatira zake, maselo akufa okha ndi omwe amasinthidwa, ndipo chiwindi nthawi yomweyo chimakula mwachangu ndikuyamba kupuma.
Zomwe zimapangitsa hepatomegaly:
- matenda a chiwindi
- matenda amatsenga
- zotupa
- echinococcosis,
- matenda opatsirana
- kuledzera (uchidakwa kapena mankhwala).
Komanso, kulephera kwa magazi kumabweretsa hepatomegaly, chifukwa pamenepa minofu imakumana ndi vuto la oxygen komanso edema ya ziwalo, kuphatikizapo chiwindi. Pankhaniyi, hepatocytes amawonongeka, ndipo m'malo mwake mumatuluka minyewa yolumikizana.
Zizindikiro za hepatomegaly
Chiwindi chikafika kukula kwakukulu, hepatomegaly imatha kupezeka ndi mawonekedwe am'mimba ndi maliseche. Ngati njirayi sinatchulidwe kwambiri, ndiye adokotala okha omwe angadziwe kusintha kwakwe ndi palpation komanso kugunda.
Kuphatikiza apo, hepatomegaly imatha kupezeka ndi zizindikiro zamakhalidwe, zomwe zimakhala zowonjezereka kwambiri momwe matenda a pathology akupita patsogolo.
Ubale wa hepatomegaly ndi metabolism
Matenda ena amabweretsa kuphwanya kwamtundu wa kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwindi chiwonjezeke. Zitsanzo za matenda otere:
- glycogenosis ndi matenda obadwa nawo omwe glycogen synthesis imalephera;
- hemachromatosis ndi mkhalidwe womwe chitsulo chochuluka chimatengedwa m'matumbo ndikuwunjikira kwake ziwalo zina, kuphatikizapo chiwindi. Zotsatira zake, kukula kwake kukukulira;
- mafuta a chiwindi - kudzikundikira kwamafuta ochulukirapo m'thupi.
Hepatomegaly ndi matenda amtima dongosolo
Matenda a mtima ena ndi kulephera kwa magazi zimathandizanso kuti chiwindi chiwonjezeke.
Zonsezi pamwambapa zimatha kubweretsa kuti chiwindi sichitha kugwira bwino ntchito zake ndipo chimayamba kuchuluka kukula kuti chikwaniritse izi.
Zizindikiro za hepatomegaly
Nthawi zina odwala nawonso amadandaula kuti china chake chikuwavutitsa mbali yawo yakumanja, kumakhala kumverera kwa mtanda winawake, womwe umadziwika kwambiri mawonekedwe a thupi asintha.
Pafupifupi kwenikweni, hepatomegaly imayambitsa matenda a dyspeptic - nseru, kutentha kwa mtima, kupuma movutikira, kusokonezeka kwa chopondapo.
M'matumbo am'mimba, madzimadzi amayamba kudziunjikira, kugwera pamenepo kudzera m'makoma a zombo - iyi imatchedwa ascites.
Nthawi zambiri zizindikiro zina zapadera zimawonekera - khungu ndi sclera limasanduka chikasu, kuyabwa kwa zimagwira pakhungu ndi khungu limawonekera, ndipo kuzungulira kwa petechial ("chiwindi asterisks").
Kuzindikira ndi chithandizo
Dokotala ayenera kusamala ndi chiwindi chokulitsidwa, monga chizindikiro. Palpation imamupangitsa kuti amvetsetse momwe kukulira kwa chiwalo kuli komwe malire ake ali, kutalika kwake, kodi pali zomverera zilizonse zopweteka. Wodwalayo ayenera kuuza adokotala matenda omwe anali nawo kale, ngati ali ndi zizolowezi zoyipa, momwe akukhalira ndikugwira ntchito.
Ma labotale ndi ogwiritsa ntchito amafunikanso - kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi, ma ultrasound, makina a makompyuta, nthawi zina MRI.
Njira yofufuzira yopindulitsa kwambiri ndi laparoscopy yokhala ndi biopsy. Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, chifukwa cha hepatomegaly, monga lamulo, chimatha kupezeka.
Chithandizo cha matenda amtunduwu chimatsimikiziridwa ndi matenda oyamba, chifukwa cha momwe chiwindi chinayambira. Ngati nkotheka kuthetsa zomwe zimayambitsa, ndiye kuti amachita, koma ngati sizingachitike, ndiye kuti mankhwala opatsirana mosiyanasiyana ndi okhazikika. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumachitika kuti muchepetse zomwe zimayambitsa hepatomegaly ndi kupondeleza njira za pathological.
Kuphatikiza apo, munthawi imeneyi, ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya zapadera ndikuchepetsa masewera olimbitsa thupi. Izi zimapangitsa kutsitsa chiwindi, kusintha momwe zimagwirira ntchito komanso kusaipitsa zomwe zilipo.
Odwala amafunikira kudziwa zovuta (kutulutsa magazi, kulephera kwa chiwindi, kuwonongeka kwa ntchito ya chiwindi) komanso momwe amadziwonekera kuti athe kufunsa dokotala munthawi yothandizira. Odwala amatchulidwa hepatoprotectors, diuretic mankhwala, mavitamini ndi mankhwala kuti osmotic bwino. Nthawi zina kumuika chiwindi.
Matenda a hepatomegaly nthawi zambiri amakhala osauka, chifukwa izi zikuwonetsa kuti matenda oyambawo apita kale ndipo kusintha kosasintha kwayamba m'thupi, monga zizindikiro za khansa ya kapamba.
