Matenda a shuga ndi chiopsezo chachikulu kwa thanzi la mayi woyembekezera ndi mwana. Mavuto omwe angakhalepo akuphatikiza, pakati pa ena, kutenga padera komanso kubereka. Komabe, kuchenjezedwa kumatanthawuza kuti muli ndi zida, ndipo ngati mungayang'anire thanzi lanu mosamala ndikutsatira zomwe dokotala wanu akuganiza, ndizotheka kuti zonse zitha kuchita popanda zovuta. Tikukufotokozerani zomwe muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi momwe mungayang'anire matenda a shuga panthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati.
Kodi matenda ashuga ndi chiani?
Poyamba ndi pulogalamu yaying'ono yophunzitsa. Kamodzi m'matumbo a anthu, chakudya chimagawika muzinthu zosavuta, kuphatikizapo shuga (uwu ndi mtundu wa shuga). Glucose imakhudzidwa pafupifupi chilichonse mu thupi la munthu, ngakhale mu ubongo. Kuti thupi ligwiritse ntchito shuga monga gwero lamphamvu, timadzi timene timatchedwa insulin, timene timapangidwa ndi kapamba, timafunika. Mu matenda a shuga, kupanga kwathu kwa insulin mthupi la munthu sikokwanira, chifukwa sitingalandire ndikugwiritsa ntchito shuga monga mafuta ofunikira.
Mitundu ya matenda ashuga
- Mtundu woyamba wa shuga - nthawi zina amatchedwa kuti insulin-wodwala matenda a shuga - nthawi zambiri pamakhala chifukwa choti kapamba satulutsa insulini, choncho wodwala amafunikira jakisoni wambiri wa timadzi timeneti;
- Type 2 shuga - Kupatula apo amatchedwa a shuga omwe amadalira insulin - mu mtundu wamatendawa, maselo amthupi amakhala ndi insulini, ngakhale khansa imapangitsa kuchuluka kwa timadzi tambiri. Nthawi zambiri, ndikokwanira kuganizira momwe moyo ungatetezere matendawa, komabe, nthawi zina kumwa mankhwala ndi kubayirira insulin;
- Matenda a shuga - Matenda amtunduwu amapezeka pokhapokha pakati. Monga matenda a shuga a 2, limodzi ndi matendawa, thupi silingagwiritse ntchito insulin yomwe kapamba amatulutsa. Pafupifupi azimayi onse panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati, kuthekera kwa kuyamwa kwa glucose chifukwa cha kusintha kwachilengedwe kwa mahomoni kumacheperachepera mpaka penapake, ndipo mwa azimayi oyembekezera 4 peresenti yokha amakhala ndi matenda ashuga. Zovuta zomwe zili pachiwopsezo ndizofanana ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga - kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kunenepa kwambiri, moyo wongokhala, komanso mbiri yakale ya zamankhwala, kubadwa kwa mwana wamkulu (woposa makilogalamu 3,7) panthawi yomwe kale anali ndi pakati kapena kupitirira zaka 35 nthawi yamakono yokhala ndi pakati. Matenda a shuga amtunduwu amatha kuthandizidwa ndi zakudya zapadera, koma ngati sizithandiza, jakisoni wa insulin angafunike.
Kodi matenda ashuga amakhudza bwanji kutenga pakati?
Monga momwe tinadziwira, shuga ndi insulini ndizofunikira kuti magwiritsidwe ntchito a thupi lonse. Kuchuluka kwa shuga panthawi yolimba kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zambiri kwa mayi woyembekezera komanso mwana. Mwachitsanzo:
- Polyhydramnios - Uku ndi madzi amniotic ochulukirapo, ndipo mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndizofala kwambiri. Zodabwitsazi ndizowopsa kwa mayi ndi mwana, zomwe zimatha kupha mmodzi kapena onse awiri;
- HypertonesIne - wodziwika bwino monga kuthamanga kwa magazi - kumatha kubweretsa kukula kwa intrauterine, kubadwa kwa mwana wosabadwa wakufa kapena kubadwa msanga, komwe kumakhalanso koopsa kwa khanda;
- Kukula kwa kukula kwa intrauterine Amatha kuchitika osati kokha chifukwa cha matenda oopsa, komanso ndi matenda amitsempha yamahala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 omwe alibe kuthamanga kwa magazi. Ili ndiye chiopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta mu makanda pambuyo pobadwa. Ku USA, mwachitsanzo, amachepa m'mimba ndi omwe amayambitsa imfa pakati pa akhanda;
- Zovuta Zakubadwa - makanda obadwa kwa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chobadwa nacho, monga kufooka kwa mtima ndi vuto la neural chubu;
- Kulakwitsa - amayi omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ali pachiwopsezo chowonjezereka;
- Macrosomy (kapena kunenepa kwambiri pakubadwa) - chomwe chimatchedwa chachilendo ngati mwana wakhanda wolemera kuposa average (nthawi zambiri amapitilira 4.2 kg kapena kupitirira 90th percentile kwa kukula koyembekezeredwa kwa m'badwo wofananira nawo). Ana akulu ali pachiwopsezo cha zovuta pakubala, monga brachial dystocia, chifukwa chake madokotala amalimbikitsa kubereka ana oterewa pogwiritsa ntchito gawo la cesarean;
- Kubadwa mwana asanabadwe - Amayi omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ali pachiwopsezo cha kubereka asanabadwe. Makanda obadwa pasanathe masabata 37 a kubadwa kwa gestational amatha kukumana ndi zovuta pakudya ndi kupuma, komanso ndimavuto azachipatala, akumwalira nthawi zambiri kuposa ana obadwa panthawi yake;
- Kusabereka - Ngakhale azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha kubereka, kutsata shuga moyenera kumathetsadi vutoli.
Kuwongolera matenda a shuga
Mukamayang'anira shuga yanu mukamayembekezera mwana, zimakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi pakati. Ndikofunikira kuti mutsatire malangizo a dokotala mosamala. Kufunika kwa insulin mwa amayi apakati kumasintha nthawi zonse, chifukwa chake ngati shuga yanu yayamba kusintha, muyenera kumuuza dokotala wanu mwachangu. Zoyang'ana?
- Kuwongolera shuga - amayi oyembekezera omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amayenera kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi glucometer kangapo patsiku kuti adziwe ngati ali ndi zakudya zoyenera ndi chithandizo;
- Mankhwala ndi insulini - Mtundu wa 2 odwala matenda ashuga amatha kumwa mankhwalawa pakamwa, koma si mankhwala onse omwe amaloledwa pa nthawi yoyembekezera. Chifukwa chake, jakisoni wa insulin atha kupereka njira yoyenera komanso yolondola yothanirana ndi shuga. Amayi omwe adalowetsa insulin asanabadwe amayenera kusinthira kwakanthawi katsopano, komwe amayenera kusankhidwa pamodzi ndi adokotala;
- Zakudya Zabwino - kutsatira zakudya zapadera za anthu odwala matenda ashuga panthawi yovomerezeka ndiyo njira imodzi yofunika kwambiri yothanirana ndi shuga. Ngakhale mudakhala ndi matenda ashuga musanakhale ndi pakati, kapena mwadwala matenda a shuga, katswiri wazakudyaakuthandizani kusankha chakudya choyenera tsopano "mukudya awiri";
- Kuyesedwa kwa kuzindikira - popeza amayi apakati omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ali pachiwopsezo chowonjezereka cha zovuta zosiyanasiyana, amafunika kuchita kafukufuku wambiri kuposa wathanzi. Mwachitsanzo:
- Mbiri yakubadwa kwa mwana wosabadwa;
- Chiwerengero cha mayendedwe a fetal kwakanthawi;
- Kuyesa kopanda nkhawa kwa mwana wosabadwayo;
- Ultrasound
Moti muthamangire kwa dokotala
Chifukwa cha chiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha thanzi la amayi ndi ana, muyenera kudziwa zovuta zilizonse zowopsa kuti mupeze chithandizo chanthawi yake. Pitani kuchipatala msanga mukazindikira kuti:
- mwana wosabadwayo anasiya kusuntha, ngakhale kuti zinali kusuntha
- wakula kwambiri ndipo usasochere, kumatupa kwambiri
- mumamva ludzu losasunthika
- mumakonda kukhala ndi vuto la hyperglycemia kapena zochitika za hypoglycemia
Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala mosamala, dziyang'anireni nokha kuti mupeze zotsatira zoyenera za pakati, ndiye kuti mwayi wokhala ndi mwana wamphamvu ndikukhalanso ndi thanzi lanu ndizambiri!
Chithunzi: Depositphotos
