Mukafunsa funso pazomwe endocrinologist imachita, ambiri adzatchula matenda a chithokomiro komanso matenda a shuga, ndipo adzakhala olondola. Komabe, gawo la akatswiri akatswiriwa madokotala ndilofala kwambiri. Muzolemba izi mupeza umboni wonse wofunikira pa izi.
Endocrinologist ndi dokotala yemwe amathandizira kuzindikira, kuchiza komanso kupewa matenda onse omwe amagwirizana ndi kugwira ntchito kwa endocrine ndi ziwalo zake, natulutsa mahomoni mwachindunji m'magazi kapena m'mimba.
Ntchito ya endocrinologist ndikupeza njira zothetsera zovuta za dongosolo la endocrine ndikuwona njira zothandiza kwambiri zothetsera mavuto ndi zolephera zomwe zakumana ndi vuto lililonse.
Ngati tiona ntchito za katswiriyu mwatsatanetsatane, ndiye kuti akuchita zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Amachita kafukufuku wa endocrine system;
- Amachita diagnostics a pathologies omwe alipo;
- Akuyang'ana njira zawo
- Amachotsa mavuto omwe angakhalepo ndi matenda okhudzana nawo.
Chifukwa chake, adotolo endocrinologist amachiza matenda onse omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusalingana kwa mahomoni. Mahomoni ndi zinthu zomwe zimayimira zomwe zimapangidwa ndi ziwalo zina ndikufalikira m'magazi athupi lonse. Kwambiri amachititsa "kulumikizana" kwa ziwalo wina ndi mnzake. Pamodzi ndi dongosolo lamanjenje, mahomoni amayendetsa machitidwe ofunikira mu thupi la munthu - kuchokera pakukula ndi kukula kwa thupi kupita ku metabolism ndikupanga chilakolako chogonana. Dongosolo la endocrine ndilovuta kwambiri kotero kuti kusagwira bwino ntchito m'matumbo kungafotokozedwe ndi matenda osiyanasiyana - kuyambira matenda ashuga, kunenepa kwambiri ndi mafupa mpaka kubereka, alopecia ndi matenda amisala.
Magawo a Endocrinology
Endocrinology, monga madera ambiri azachipatala, ili ndi zigawo zake. Izi zikuphatikiza:
Pediatric endocrinology. Gawoli limawunika zinthu zonse zokhudzana ndi kutha msinkhu, kukula kwa ana, zochitika ndi zina zomwe zimatsatana ndi njirazi. Komanso, endocrinologist wa ana amapanga njira ndi njira zochizira zamagulu ano, poganizira mbali zonse.
Matenda a shuga Kale ndi dzinayi zikuwonekeratu kuti gawali limawerengera mavuto onse okhudzana ndi matenda osokoneza bongo komanso ma pathologies omwe amakhalapo nawo.
Andrology iyenera kutchulidwanso, chifukwa ma endocrinologists pamodzi ndi ma urologist akutenga nawo gawo pakubwezeretsa thanzi la amuna.
The endocrinologist sayenera kungodziwa zizindikiritso ndi kuzindikira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matendawa, komanso kuimitsa chitukuko cha matendawa ndikuletsa kupangika kwa ma concomitant pathologies, ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, sankhani njira zabwino zopewera.
Pakadali pano, matenda ashuga (poganizira maphunziro angapo ndi zomwe apeza m'gawo lino la endocrinology) amawerengedwa kale kuti ndi njira ina.
Ngati tiganizira mawonekedwe a matenda monga matenda a shuga, mtundu wovuta wa njira yake ndi zovuta, zovuta kuchipatala, zomwe nthawi zonse zimafuna kuti munthu azitengera payekha, izi sizodabwitsa.
Chifukwa adokotala ndi a endocrinologist, kutengera zomwe amachiritsa, atha kukhala dokotala, wamkulu, kapena wodwala matenda ashuga.
Ndi ziwalo ziti zomwe zimalowa mu endocrine system
- Hypothalamus (gawo ili la diencephalon imakhalanso ndi udindo wowongolera kutentha kwa thupi, njala ndi ludzu);
- Mimba ya pituitary (gawo laling'ono la chithokomiro, chomwe kukula kwake sikuposa peyala, koma izi sizimalepheretsa kukhala gawo lalikulu la endocrine system ndi mahomoni achinsinsi ofunikira pakukula, kagayidwe ndi chonde);
- Pineal gland, kapena pineal gland (yomwe ili m'malo opezeka pakati pa tubercles of the midbrain padpl, imatulutsa zinthu zomwe zimachedwa pituitary ntchito zisanachitike kutha);
- Chithokomiro cha chithokomiro (chimatulutsa mahomoni omwe amakhudza maselo onse ndi minyewa ya thupi);
- Pancreas (amatulutsa insulin ndi zinthu zina zam'mimba);
- Adrenal glands (thandizani kuthamanga kwa magazi, kagayidwe, zochita zamavuto ndi mahomoni ogonana;
Ntchito ya dotolo ndikuchotsa zovuta zilizonse pantchito yawo.
Ndi matenda ati omwe endocrinologist amachiza?
Mndandanda wa matenda omwe adotolo amatenga ndi ochuluka. Nayi mfundo zazikulu:
- Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulin mthupi.
- Matenda a shuga ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa pituitary gland ndi hypothalamus, pomwe wodwalayo amadandaula kuti amakhala ndi ludzu pafupipafupi.
- Autoimmune chithokomiro ndimatenda omwe chithokomiro chimakulitsa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ayodini m'thupi.
- Acromegaly ndikupanga kwambiri mahomoni amakula.
- Matenda a Itsenko-Cushing ndi matenda amtundu wa endocrine omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa gren.
- Mavuto a calcium kagayidwe - mu seramu yamagazi, kugundidwa kwa chinthu ichi mwina kumachulukitsidwa kapena kutsitsidwa.
Ngati titalankhula za zovuta zina zomwe zimachitika motsutsana ndi zovuta za matenda omwe ali pamwambapa, endocrinologist imachitanso izi:
- Kunenepa kwambiri
- matenda a neuropsychiatric;
- kufooka kwa minofu;
- gynecomastia (kukulitsa bere mwa amuna);
- hypogonadism (kusakwanira kwa mapangidwe a mahomoni ogonana, owonetsedwa ndi kufalikira kwa ziwalo zamkati);
- kusintha kwawoko mu ma chromosomes ogonana, mwachitsanzo, Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome;
- kuphwanya kudziwika kwa amuna kapena akazi;
- kusabala ndi kusowa kwa erectile mwa amuna;
- utachepa libido;
- kusabereka
- alopecia;
- kusamba kwa msambo;
- PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome mwa akazi);
- Hyperhidrosis.
Zomwe zimachitika pakuyesa kwa endocrinologist
Wodwalayo atabwera kwa dokotala nthawi yoyamba, ndiye kuti dokotalayo amvera kaye madandaulo ake ndikupanga mbiri yachipatala (mbiri yakale ya zamankhwala), momwe mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo ndi zomwe zikuwonetsa zikuwonekera bwino.
Kenako sing'angayo amamuwunika wodwalayo, kukhathamiritsa zotupa zake, ndipo ngati pakufunika kutero, matendawa nawonso adzawunika. Mwinanso, adokotala adzalembetsanso kutumiza kwa mayeso a magazi: amathandizira kupatula kapena kutsimikizira kukayikira kwa matenda aliwonse. Mndandandawo ukhoza kuphatikiza kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi, mayeso a magazi a mahomoni a chithokomiro, mahomoni ogonana. Amayi adzapatsidwanso chidziwitso pa tsiku liti la mkombowo komwe kuli kofunikira kupereka magazi.
Mosalephera, mtima umamveredwa ndikuwonetsetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Pambuyo pake, kutengera zomwe mayeso awonetsa ndi zotsatira za kafukufukuyo, zidzagamulidwa ngati maphunziro owonjezera akufunika - MRI, ultrasound, CT, punct.
Kodi endocrinologist ayenera kuoneka liti?
Momwe mungadziwire zoyenera kukambirana ndi dotoloyu? Pali zizindikiro zina zosonyeza kuti pali zovuta zina ndi zolakwika m'machitidwe a endocrine. Ndizolunjika koma ndizambiri komanso zazikulu. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri kuzindikiritsa matenda a endocrine dongosolo kumakhala kovuta.
Kuwonongeka kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda ena kapena kuletsa kutopa. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino, zomwe zimadziwika mosavuta ndizophatikiza:
- Kugwedezeka kosaloledwa kwa miyendo.
- Kusokonezeka kwa msambo, kusamba kwa msambo kapena kutulutsa kwambiri, nthawi yayitali.
- Kutopa kwambiri ndi kuperewera kwake popanda chifukwa.
- Tachycardia.
- Kulekerera kosachedwa kwa kutentha kumasintha, kuzizira kapena kutentha.
- Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri.
- Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kulemera kwina kulikonse popanda chifukwa chodziwikiratu.
- Kupanda chilimbikitso.
- Zosokoneza, kukumbukira kosauka.
- Kugona kapena mosinthanitsa, kusowa tulo.
- Nthawi zambiri mkhalidwe wopsinjika, wopanda chidwi, wokhumudwa.
- Kudzimbidwa, nseru.
- Misomali ya Brittle, tsitsi, khungu losauka.
- Kusabereka pazifukwa zosadziwika.
Zizindikiro zonse pamwambazi zikusonyeza kuti ziwalo zina za endocrine system sizikuyenda bwino.
Nthawi zambiri, chifukwa chimakhala chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mahomoni kapena kuphwanya kagayidwe kazinthu.
Momwe mungadziwire matenda a shuga
Matendawa ndi omwe amakonda kwambiri kukaona endocrinologist, komanso owopsa kwambiri. Zizindikiro ndi zochitika zotsatirazi ziyenera kukupangitsani kuganiza kuti muyenera kupita kwa dokotala:
- Khungu lowuma ndi ludzu losalekeza;
- Kuyamwa kosaletseka ndi matenda a shuga a pakhungu ndi mucous nembanemba;
- Kutupa kwa khungu, mabala ochiritsa bwino;
- Kuyamwa mwachangu;
- Kutopa, kufooka kwa minofu;
- Mutu womwe umagwirizanitsidwa ndi mavuto amwadzidzidzi a njala;
- Kuwonjezeka kofulumira kwa kudya, ngakhale kuchepa thupi;
- Zowonongeka.
Kusavomerezeka mu minofu ya ng'ombe nthawi zina kumadziwika - kupweteka ndi kukokana.
Nthawi yowonetsa dokotala kwa mwana
Tsoka ilo, kuphwanya kwa endocrine system mwa ana kumapezeka nthawi zambiri akamakula. Chabwino ndikuti amathandizidwa. Bweretsani mwana kwa endocrinologist wa ana ngati:
Amawonekeranso m'mbuyo mwathupi ndi m'maganizo.
Amakhala wofooka chifukwa chodwala - amadwala, amadwala matendawo.
Kutha msanga kumachitika ndi ma pathologies - kuchuluka kwambiri kapena kuchepa thupi kwambiri kumadziwika, makhalidwe apamwamba achiwiri amakula bwino, etc.
Nthawi zambiri, mavuto amathandizidwa ndi katswiri adakali achichepere, kuwongolera kukhazikika kwakukhazikika kwa mahomoni a achinyamata.
Nthawi zina mungafune kukaonana ndi endocrinologist
Ngakhale ngati palibe zizindikiro zosokoneza ndi zina, dokotala amayenerabe kuwonekera kangapo m'moyo wake. Izi ndizofunikira ngati:
Amakonzekera kukhala ndi pakati ndikubereka mwana;
Muyenera kusankha njira zakulera;
Madontho wafika.
Ali ndi zaka 40+, amuna ndi akazi onse pazolinga za prophylactic ayenera kupita ku endocrinologist kamodzi pachaka.
