Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kulimbana ndi vuto lawo nthawi zonse kuti athetse thanzi lawo. Ndipo mu zovuta mawonekedwe a matendawa, amafunikira thandizo lakunja, chifukwa matenda a shuga amamulepheretsa kudalira mankhwala ambiri. Pankhaniyi, kuthandizidwa ndi boma ndikofunikira kwambiri, kotero funso loti kulumala mu shuga limaperekedwa kapena ayi limakhalabe lofunikira.
Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu azindikire kulephera
Tsoka ilo, kukhalapo kwa matendawa sikupereka dongosolo lazolumala. Kuti bungwe lisankhe ngati lingapatse gululi odwala matenda ashuga, mfundo zazikulu ziyenera kuperekedwa. Ndipo kupezeka kwa shuga m'magazi popanda zovuta zoyipa komanso matenda osatha omwe amapezeka motsutsana ndi izi sikuti kukuwonetsa gawo la kulemala.
Mukafunsidwa ngati matenda a shuga ndi olumala kapena ayi, pamakhala yankho loipa. Chifukwa cha izi, zochitika zina zimawerengedwa.
Kodi munthu wodwala matenda ashuga ali ndi mwayi wotani pagulu lililonse? Amayamba chifukwa choopsa cha matendawa, mtundu wake komanso matenda ena. Chifukwa chake, zimakumbukira:
- wotenga kapena mtundu wobadwa nawo wa matenda ashuga (2 kapena 1), wodalira insulin kapena ayi;
- kuthekera kobwezeretsa shuga m'magazi;
- kupezeka kwa zovuta zosiyanasiyana motsutsana ndi matendawa;
- kupezeka kwa matenda ena mothandizidwa ndi glycemia;
- kuletsa kwa moyo wabwinobwino (kuthekera kwayendetsedwe kodziyimira pawokha, kuyang'ana kwachilengedwe, kugwira ntchito).
Maonekedwe a matendawa ndiofunikanso. Ndi matenda a shuga, pali:
- Pofatsa - mothandizidwa ndi chakudya, ndizotheka kukhalabe ndi shuga m'thupi la odwala matenda ashuga, nthawi zambiri imakhala gawo loyambirira, lotchulidwa ndi zokhutiritsa popanda kuwonetsa zovuta;
- sing'anga - shuga m'magazi oposa 10 mmol / l, amapezeka mumkodzo kwambiri, kuwonongeka kwa maso ndi kuwonongeka kwamaso kumawonedwa, ntchito ya impso imalephera, matenda amtundu wa endocrine, gangrene amawonjezeredwa, zochitika zogwirira ntchito ndizochepa, luso lodzisamalira likuwonedwa, ambiri amakhala ofooka;
- kwambiri - zakudya ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo amayamba kugwira ntchito, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa kwazomwe zimachitika, zovuta zambiri zimawonekera, pali chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga, kufalikira kwa matenda osokoneza bongo, matenda onse amthupi akudwala, kulumala kwathunthu kumadziwika.
Magulu opuwala a mtundu 1 ndi mitundu yachiwiri ya ashuga
Kaya gulu la olumala limaperekedwa ngati munthu akudwala matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba 1 kapena matenda a shuga a 2 osadalira insulin zimadalira kuchuluka kwa maphunziro ake, zovuta zake komanso momwe zimakhudzira moyo wathu wonse. Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane matenda omwe gulu limatha kupezeka molingana ndi matendawa.
Gulu loyamba limaperekedwa chifukwa cha mitundu yoyipa ya matenda ashuga. Maziko olandirira ndi:
- Hypo- ndi hyperglycemic chikomokere pafupipafupi;
- kulephera kwa mtima mu digiri ya III;
- matenda osachiritsika omwe ali ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso ndi chiwindi;
- khungu la maso onse awiri;
- encephalosis, yomwe imayendera limodzi ndi kuwonongeka kwa ubongo, neuropathy, ziwalo, ataxia;
- kuwonongeka kwa malekezero gangore;
- matenda ashuga ketoacetosis.
Izi zimaganizira kuwonongeka kwa malo mlengalenga, kulephera kuyenda palokha ndikuchita ntchito iliyonse. Anthu omwe ali ndi gululi amafuna chisamaliro chapadera ndikuwunikira pafupipafupi ndi madokotala.
Kupeza gulu lachiwiri la matenda okhudzana ndi matenda a shuga kumatengera zotsatirazi:
- neuropathy mu digiri ya II yokhala ndi paresis yayikulu;
- kuwonongeka kwa retina (II - III degree);
- mavuto amisala ndi encephalosis;
- Kulephera kwaimpso, nephrosis.
Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zimachepetsedwa ndikusuntha pang'ono, kudzichitira nokha komanso kugwira ntchito iliyonse. Nthawi ndi nthawi, kuyang'anira kuchipatala ndikofunikira.
Gulu lachitatu limaperekedwa chifukwa cha magawo a shuga. Zophwanya zazing'ono zimawonedwa, popanda zovuta zowopsa. Kutha kusuntha kuli pafupi osasokonezeka, pali mwayi wodziyang'anira pawokha ndikuchita ntchito zina. Zomwe gulu la olumala limaphatikizaponso nthawi yophunzitsira ndi kupeza ntchito ndi achinyamata odwala matenda ashuga.
Chizindikiro chachikulu cha kuperekedwa kwa gulu la olumala ndikuwoneka kosakwanira komanso kusowa kwayekha pakusamalira kwawo.
Mwana wakhanda yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a insulin, asanafike zaka 18, kulumala kumawonetsedwa popanda gulu. Pakatha zaka zambiri, adzafunika apatsidwe ntchito yolumala.
Zomwe muyenera kulumala
Kulephera ndi matenda ashuga a 2, komanso mtundu 1, titha kuwapeza potsatira njira izi:
- pitani kuchipatala kapena pitani kuchipatala kukayezetsa pamenepo;
- kudziyesa pawokha;
- pezani satifiketi yoyendetsera mayeso (ITU).
Madotolo, mayeso, mayeso
Kaya kulumala kuli koyenera kwa matenda ashuga amasankhidwa ndi ITU. Maziko a izi ndi zomwe madotolo apita, zotsatira za kusanthula ndi mayeso.
Poyamba, mukadzapereka ufuluwo pagululo, muyenera kupita kukawona akatswiri am'deralo omwe akuwalimbikitsani. Amayenera kupereka chiwonetsero chakuyenda kokakamizidwa kupita kwa ophthalmologist, neurologist, opaleshoni, cardiologist ndi akatswiri ena kutengera mkhalidwe wa odwala matenda ashuga.
Wodwala matenda ashuga amatumizidwanso kukayesedwa. Kuti mupeze gululi muyenera kuyang'ana:
- kuwunika kwa magazi ndi mkodzo;
- kusala shuga komanso tsiku lonse;
- mkodzo wa shuga ndi acetone;
- glycohemoglobin;
- kuyesa kwa shuga;
- mtima wamtima pogwiritsa ntchito electrocardiography;
- Masomphenya
- zovuta m'mitsempha yamanjenje;
- kukhalapo kwa zilonda ndi mafinya;
- vuto la impso - mkodzo limodzi ndi Rib, CBS, mayeso a Zimnitsky, mkodzo masana;
- kuthamanga kwa magazi
- mkhalidwe wamitsempha yamagazi;
- mkhalidwe wa ubongo.
Zolemba Zofunika
Mndandanda wamakalata ofunikira ukuphatikizapo:
- mawu ochokera kwa munthu amene akufuna kulemala kapena nthumwi yake;
- zizindikiritso - pasipoti, satifiketi yobadwa;
- Kuwongolera ku ITU, komwe kumapangidwa malinga ndi mtundu - fomu Nambala 088 / у-0;
- Kutulutsidwa kwa mayeso kuchokera kuchipatala komwe adachitirako;
- khadi yoyambira wodwalayo;
- malingaliro a akatswiri adutsa;
- zotsatira zoyesedwa - zithunzi, kusanthula, ECG ndi zina;
- kwa ophunzira - chikhalidwe chopangidwa ndi mphunzitsi;
- kwa ogwira ntchito - makope a masamba a buku lantchito ndi kufotokozera kuchokera kumalo antchito;
- kwa omwe akhudzidwa ndi ngozi kuntchito - chochitika changozi ndi kutha kwa katswiri, mawu omaliza a gulu la zamankhwala;
- ngati mutumizira mobwerezabwereza kulumala - chikalata chotsimikizira kupezeka kwa zilema, pulogalamu yokonzanso.
Momwe mayeso onse akatsirizidwa ndipo zolembedwa zasungidwa, magawo a gulu lofunikira amafunsidwa potengera zotsatira za ITU. Ngati wodwalayo sakugwirizana ndi kumaliza kwa ntchitoyi, zitha kutsutsidwa. Poyamba, mawu osagwirizana ndi mawu omaliza a ITU amaperekedwa. Pakupita mwezi umodzi, njira zoperekera matenda olumala ziyenera kuchitika. Kupanda kutero, mutha kupita kukhothi ndi mlandu. Komabe, mlanduwo utatha sanaperekenso apilo mlandu.
Mapindu azamalamulo
Monga mukuwonera, sikuti aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga ali ndi ufulu wopatsa anthu olumala. Kuti munthu alandire chithandizo chamtunduwu, ayenera kutsimikizira kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga komanso kusakhazikika kwawokha. Anthu omwe akudwala matendawa nthawi zambiri amadzifunsa ngati ali ndi penshoni ya matenda ashuga. Koma ndalama za penshoni zimangochitika ukangofika zaka zapenshoni. Pankhani ya matenda, thandizo la ndalama limangoperekedwa pamaso pa magulu aliwonse olumala.
Ngakhale izi, aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ali ndi ufulu zovomerezeka. Zaulere m'mafakitala a boma, odwala matenda ashuga atha:
- insulin;
- syringes za jakisoni;
- glucometer;
- kuyesa kwa magawo amomwe amayang'anira magazi a shuga;
- mankhwala ochepetsa shuga.
Komanso, pofuna kupewa, kwaulere, ana odwala matenda ashuga amapatsidwa malo opumulira kamodzi pachaka.
Kupeza chilema ndi chifukwa chabwino ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga. Kugawa gulu kumalola munthu wodwala matenda ashuga kulandira thandizo la ndalama, zomwe amafunikira, osatha kugwira ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu olumala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kutumizidwa kuti akonzenso. Izi zimathandiza kukonza momwe odwala matenda ashuga amathandizira ngakhale kukulitsa moyo wake.
Komabe, mosasamala kanthu za zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa kulumala, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira palokha thanzi lanu, kutsatira mosamala malangizo a madokotala ndikufunafuna thandizo panthawi yake ngati muli ndi thanzi labwino.
