Matenda a shuga, kamodzi zimachitika, zimayenda ndi munthu moyo wake wonse. Kuti athe kukhala athanzi komanso magwiridwe antchito, zochitika zachitukuko, anthu odwala matenda ashuga amakakamizidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi zida zamankhwala kuthana ndi matendawa.
Pankhani ya matenda a shuga a 1 omwe amadalira insulin, mahomoni amayenera kuperekedwa kangapo 4-5 patsiku, uku akuwongolera glycemia ndi mikwingwirima yoyesera kupita ku glucometer. Zonsezi zili ndi mtengo wokwanira, chifukwa chake, wodwala aliyense ali ndi chidwi chofuna kuti penshoni iperekedwe kwa a shuga ndi zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa ndalama.
Nthawi yomweyo, kudziwa kuti matendawa ndi otani sikupangitsa kuti mugwiritse ntchito phindu, popeza njira zingapo ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti mudzapeze wolandila shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, pali njira zingapo pamene wodwala alandila chilema ndipo amalandila penshoni yoyenera.
Ubwino wa odwala matenda ashuga
Pankhani ya mtundu 1 wa shuga, odwala amapatsidwa insulin yaulere, njira yake, makina oyesera a glucometer pamiyeso ya zidutswa zitatu patsiku. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe adapezeka ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga amapatsidwa mankhwala mopweteketsa ndalama zaboma zomwe zimachepetsa shuga ya magazi ndipo ali pamndandanda wamankhwala aulere.
Mu 2017, odwala amatha kulandira glibenclamide, gliclazide, metformin ndi repaglinide popanda kulipira. Atha kupatsidwanso insulin (ngati pakufunika kutero) ndikuwongolera glycemic - mzere umodzi ngati wodwala amamwa mapiritsi, atatu asintha kwathunthu ku insulin.
Lingaliro la mankhwala omwe adzaperekedwe limaperekedwa ndi endocrinologist kumalo komwe akukhalamo. Kuti mukhale ndi ufulu wolandila mankhwala aulere mwezi uliwonse, muyenera kulembetsa ku chipatala chachigawo ndikupereka satifiketi kuchokera ku Pension Fund kuti ndalama zolipiridwa sizinalandilidwe m'malo mwazabwino.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito maubwino azachipatala pozindikira kuti muli ndi mankhwala, zotsatirazi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa:
- Pafupipafupi kupereka mankhwala kamodzi pamwezi.
- Musanalandire mankhwala omwe mumakonda, muyenera kukayezetsa.
- Chithandizocho chimangoperekedwa kwa wodwala payekha m'manja mwake.
Ngati dokotalayo akukana kulemba mankhwala a mankhwalawo kapena mapepala oyesera, muyenera kulankhulana ndi dotolo wamkulu wa chipatalacho, ngati sizinabweretse zotsatirazi, pitani ku thumba (dipatimenti ya boma) ya inshuwaransi yokakamizidwa.
Kuphatikiza pa chithandizo chaulere ndi insulin kapena mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga m'magazi, odwala matenda a shuga amatha kupimidwa ndikuwongolera chithandizo chamankhwala kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala, komanso kulandira upangiri kuchokera kwa a mtima, a neurologist, opaleshoni ya mtima ndi opaleshoni ya mtima.
Odwala salipira maphunziro onsewa ndi kufunsa.
Kutsimikiza kwa zilema kwa odwala matenda ashuga
Kuti mukhale ndi mawonekedwe a munthu wolumala ndikulandila maubwino omwe amalamulidwa ndi lamulo, muyenera kupita ku chipatala ndi kayendetsedwe ka mayeso kukalemala. Thupi ili limagonjera mwachindunji ku Unduna wa Zaumoyo ndi Zachitukuko cha Russia ku Russia. Kutumiza kwa mayeso kuyenera kupezeka kwa endocrinologist m'chipatalamo.
Musanapimidwe, muyenera kukayezetsa magazi: kuyezetsa magazi ndi zamankhwala ambiri, kuyesa kwa mkodzo, matupi a ketone, kuyezetsa kokwanira, kuyesedwa kwa glucose, glycated hemoglobin, ultrasound ya impso, mitsempha yamagazi, ECG ndi mitundu ina ya maphunziro ofunikira kuti mutsimikizire za kupezedwa ndi digirii. zovuta za matenda ashuga.
Kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anitsitsa odwala ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ali ndi shuga m'magazi, komanso kutha kwa akatswiri otere, akatswiri a zamankhwala am'maso, nephrologist, cardiologist, urologist kapena gynecologist angafunike. Gawo la maphunziro ndi upangiri zimasankhidwa kwa wodwala aliyense.
Pambuyo podutsa njira zonse zodziwira, zolemba zonse ndi kutumizira mayeso 088 / y-06 zimaperekedwa kwa wodwala. Ndi phukusili la zikalata muyenera kulumikizana ndi maofesi azachipatala ndi mayeso ochezera, komwe tsiku la mayeso lidzakhazikitsidwe ndipo gulu la olumala lipatsidwa.
Momwe mungakhalire gulu loyamba:
- Mitundu yayikulu ya retinopathy yokhala ndi kutaya kwathunthu kapena pafupifupi.
- Angiopathy odwala matenda ashuga: gangrene, phazi la matenda ashuga.
- Mtima ndi kulephera kwa mtima madigiri 3.
- Nephropathy yotsiriza-gawo laimpso kulephera.
- Encephalopathy yokhala ndi mavuto amisala.
- Neuropathy: Kulumala kwamphamvu, ataxia.
- Nthawi zambiri chikomokere.
Nthawi yomweyo, odwala sangathe kuyima payokha ndikudzipulumutsa okha, amalumikizidwa pang'ono m'malo mokhazikika, amadalira kwathunthu thandizo lakunja.
Gulu lachiwiri likhonza kupatsidwa mankhwala oletsa matenda ashuga kwambiri: gawo 2 retinopathy, kulephera kwa impso, ngati dialysis ikhoza kulipirira kapena kupatsirana bwino kwa impso. Neuropathy mwa odwala oterewa amatsogolera paresis ya 2 degree, encephalopathy imakhala ndi matenda amisala.
Kulephera kumakhala kochepa, odwala amatha kuyenda mozungulira, kudzisamalira okha ndikuthandizira chithandizo, koma amafunikira thandizo kwakanthawi. Gulu lachiwiri limapangidwanso kuti lizikhala ndi matenda oopsa a shuga, pakakhala kusintha kwakukulu pamlingo wa glycemia ndipo mwanjira ina kukomoka kumachitika.
Kulumala kwa gulu 3 kumaperekedwa panthawi ya matenda osokoneza bongo a shuga ochita kuchepa pang'ono komanso kuwonetsa zolimbitsa thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azitha kudzisamalira, kugwira ntchito (wodwalayo sangathe kugwira ntchito yomwe idachitika kale, yomwe idayambitsa kuchepa kwa mayeso kapena kuchuluka kwa zochitika).
Njira yamatendawa imayesedwa ngati yovuta. Wodwala amatha kugwira ntchito, koma m'malo opepuka.
Kwa achichepere, gulu lachitatu limakhazikitsidwa nthawi yopuma, kuphunzitsa ndi kupeza ntchito yatsopano.
Matenda a shuga
Lamulo "On State Pension Insurance in the Russian Federation" limalongosola gulu la anthu omwe ali ndi ufulu kulandira penshoni yolumala. Malipiro amtunduwu amatanthauza kusaphunzira (chikhalidwe), chifukwa chake, sizotengera kukula kapena zaka. Wopuma pantchito amalandira ndalama kutengera ndi magulu omwe ali ndi vuto.
Ndalama zomwe munthu wolumala azilandira zimakhala ndi magawo awiri: gawo loyambira komanso ndalama imodzi yolipira. Kukula kwa penshoni kumakhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo a feduro, ndi chimodzimodzi ku Russia Federation. Pansi, zolipira zolumala kuchokera ku ndalama zanu zokha (ndalama ndi zowonjezera kumapenshoni) zimatha kuchuluka. Sizingatheke kukopa kukula kwa penshoni.
Penshoni ya matenda a shuga imaperekedwa osati kwa okhawo omwe afika zaka zopuma pantchito. Satifiketiyo imaperekedwa kwa wopuma pantchito atangokhala wamkulu, kupeza gulu la olumala, kulandira chithandizo kuchipatala. Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga, pali mwayi wopuma pantchito mwachangu.
Kuchuluka kwa zolipira mu 2017 (penshioni pamwezi m'm ruble):
- Kuwonongeka kwa gulu loyamba: 10068.53
- Gulu lachiwiri: 5034.25.
- Gulu lachitatu: 4279.14.
- Ana olumala: 12082.06.
Ndalama zolumikizidwa kuyambira pa febulo 1 zinali motere: pagulu 1 - 3538.52; kwachiwiri - 2527.06; kwa magulu atatu - 2022.94; kwa ana olumala 2527.06 rubles pamwezi.
Kwa ana, kulumala popanda kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gulu la anthu odwala matenda ashuga kumayikidwa kufikira zaka 14 ngati chithandizo chokwanira cha insulin chikufunikira, atakwanitsa zaka zino, kulumala kumachotsedwa ngati bungwe lingaganize kuti wachinyamata akhonza kupatsa insulini mokwanira ndi kuwerengera mlingo wake pambuyo pophunzitsidwa.
Ngati mikangano ikabuka pofotokoza gulu la olumala, ndikofunikira kuti mupemphe chisankho cholembedwa chomwe mungayankhe maofesi a akatswiri azaumoyo komanso akatswiri ogwira ntchito zachitukuko ku dipatimenti yayikulu, Unduna wa Zaumoyo, lembani mlandu kwa wozenga milandu kapena apite kukhothi.
Kanemayo munkhaniyi afotokoza za kukula kwa penshoni komanso malamulo pofalitsa MES.
