"Matenda okoma" pachaka amapha anthu 1 miliyoni. Nthawi zambiri kufa kumachitika ndi chithandizo chosayembekezereka chifukwa chosasamala wodwala. Kupweteka kwam'mimba m'matenda a shuga ndi chizindikiro chachikulu chomwe chikuwonetsa kupitilira kwa matenda.
Kupweteka kwam'mimba kumatha chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa m'mimba.
Ziwerengero zimatsimikizira kuti 75% ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga amakhala ndi vuto logaya m'mimba. Nthawi yomweyo, kupweteka kwam'mimba kwambiri sikumayendera limodzi ndi zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda ashuga: polyuria, ludzu losalekeza, kusakwiya komanso kugona.
Matenda a shuga ndi kugaya chakudya
Kukula kwa matendawa kumatha kubweretsa kusintha kwakukulu m'matumbo am'mimba, monga poizoni wazakudya, zilonda zam'mimba, ndulu ndi matenda ena.
Mu matenda ashuga, dongosolo lililonse la kugaya chakudya limatha kukhudzidwa: kuyambira kummero mpaka thumbo. Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zokhala ndi zovuta zotere zimatha kusiyanasiyana. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino zakudya m'mimba ndi izi:
- Dysphagia ndi njira yovuta yameza yomwe imachitika chifukwa cha kufinya kwamkamwa, esophagus, mawonekedwe a tinthu tachilendo, etc.
- Reflux - kuponya zomwe zili m'mimba mbali inayo.
- Kudzimbidwa kapena kutsegula m'mimba, kusanza komanso kusanza.
- Ululu wam'mimba.
Matenda a shuga amatenga ziwalo zambiri, kuphatikizapo thirakiti la m'mimba. Ngati wodwala salamulira bwino magazi, izi zitha kubweretsanso zovuta zina zam'mimba.
Komanso, matenda ambiri am'mimbamo amagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusokonekera kwa kayendedwe kazinthu zamagetsi.
Kuwonongeka kwa ma neurons m'mimba kumatha kukhala chida chobisalira, kutulutsa, komanso kuyenda.
Matenda a esophagus ndi m'mimba mu shuga
Nthawi zambiri odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, makamaka kudya zakudya zamafuta, amatha kudwala matenda a shuga. Izi zimachedwetsa zomwe zili m'mimba. Zotsatira zake, wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kupweteka m'mimba, kusanza, zizindikiro za mseru kapena kusanza. Komanso, kupsinjika m'mimba kungayambitse Reflux. Ngati pali zizindikiro zotere, muyenera kupita kwa dotolo kuti mudzakumane naye. M'malo mwake, palibe chidziwitso chokwanira cha matendawa, chifukwa endoscopy yapamwamba singathe kudziwa ndikuwunika kutulutsa kwam'mimba kuchokera pakudya komwe kumayamwa. Kuzindikira kumachitika ngati wodwalayo ali ndi madandaulo oyenera.
Pozindikira matenda a diabetesic gastroparesis, kuyesedwa koyesa matendawa kumawoneka kukhala kothandiza kwambiri. Phunziroli, chakudya chomwe wodwalayo ayenera kudya chimakhala ndi technetium isotope. Kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito scintigraphy, katswiri amatha kudziwa kutulutsa kwam'mimba pazomwe zili. Kwenikweni, kufufuza koteroko kumapereka zotsatira zodalirika, koma nthawi zina, mukamamwa mankhwala omwe amakhudza kuchepa kapena kuthamanga kwa m'mimba, panali zotsatira zabodza za kusanthula.
Kuti wodwala matenda ashuga aphunzire momwe angachitire ndi gastroparesis, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo ena okhudzana ndi zakudya:
- Muyenera kudya m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, koma pafupipafupi. Kupanda kutero, matenda a shuga omwe amapezeka amatha kubweretsanso mavuto ena akulu.
- Chotsani zakudya zomwe zimakhala zamafuta kwambiri komanso zowonda kwambiri.
- Onetsetsani kuti mumadya mbale zamadzimadzi (sopo, borscht).
- Pewani zizolowezi zoyipa - kusuta fodya komanso mowa.
- Muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopepuka (kuyenda, masewera).
Ngati zizindikiro zikukulirakulira, mungafunike kupita ku hydrate hydration kapena chubu la nasogastric. Pochiza matenda a shuga a gastroparesis, mankhwala osiyanasiyana angagwiritsidwe ntchito, mwachitsanzo, Raglan, Cisapride, Motilium, Erythromycin. Imwani mankhwala pokhapokha ngati wodwala amupangira kapena gastroenterologist, popeza kudzipereka nokha kungayambitse mavuto osaneneka.
Peptic ulcer matenda ndi matenda am'mimba mu shuga
Padziko lapansi, 10% ya anthu onse (omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo komanso opanda matenda) amakhala ndi zilonda zam'mimba. Hydrochloric acid imatha kukhumudwitsa madera omwe ali ndi vuto lakumimba kapena kum'mero, kumayambitsa kukhumudwa, kupweteka kwa mtima, komanso kupweteka kwam'mimba.
Mu odwala matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya okhala m'mimba ndi duodenum nthawi zambiri kumatsimikiziridwa. Ndi Helicobacter pylori yemwe amachititsa zilonda zambiri. M'malo mwake, matenda ashuga okalamba kapena achinyamata okha samathandizira kukulitsa zilonda zam'mimba.
Chithandizo cha zilonda zam'mimba ndi anthu athanzi sichimodzimodzi. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala amakonzedwa kuti achepetse kubisika kwa asidi - proton pump inhibitors, mankhwala othandizira - Metronidazole, Clarithromycin, etc.
22% ya odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi ziwalo zotayirira. Matenda a shuga ndi matenda am'mimba omwe amayamba popanda chifukwa. Zomwe zimachitika zimatha kukhala kupitirira kwa matenda ashuga, limodzi ndi autonomic neuropathy, mavuto a m'matumbo, kapena kukwiya kwamatumbo (chodabwitsa kwambiri).
Pochiza matenda am'mimba a m'matumbo, adotolo amatipatsa mankhwala monga diphenoxylate, loperamide kapena Imodium, omwe amachotsa vuto lanyumba zotayirira.
Kuphatikiza apo, antispasmodics nthawi zina amalembedwa kuti achepetse kusuntha kwa matumbo.
Mavuto a m'matumbo aang'ono komanso akulu
Pamene matenda a shuga akupita m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, mathero amitsempha omwe amayambitsa kupweteka kwam'mimba, bata, kapena m'mimba amatha kuwonongeka. Ngati chakudyacho chachedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, kapena, mosatulutsa, m'matumbo, pali mwayi wokhala ndi vuto la kukula kwambiri kwa microflora. Zodabwitsazi zimayambitsa kupweteka kwam'mimba komanso ziwalo zotayirira.
Kuzindikira matenda amtunduwu kumakhala kovuta; Pambuyo pakuzindikira, adotolo amatumiza chisapride kapena metoclopramide, yomwe imathandizira kudutsa kwa chakudya, komanso maantibayotiki kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya m'matumbo.
Ngati simuchiza matendawa pakapita nthawi, zimatha kukupweteketsani m'mimba ndi m'miyendo pakapita nthawi. Matendawa ndi ovuta kuchiza. Ndi chitukuko cha kupweteka kwakanthawi, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Matumbo a m'mimba amathanso kukhudzana ndi m'matumbo, zomwe zimapangitsa kudzimbidwa pafupipafupi. Kuti muchepetse izi, ndikofunikira kuchita njira ndi enema kapena colonoscopy. Komanso, adotolo amatha kukupatsirani mankhwala othandizira kukhazikika, omwe amathandiza pang'onopang'ono kuchotsa chopondapo. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi matenda oterewa, zakudya zoyenera ziyenera kuthandizidwa.
Komanso, kupweteka pamimba kumatha kugwirizanitsidwa ndi mitundu yambiri ya kapamba ndi chiwindi (hemochromatosis, mafuta a hepatosis). Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa miyala mu ndulu kapena impso kumatha kupweteka m'mimba, nseru, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, ndi zizindikiro zina zambiri. Izi matendawa amakula msanga, choncho wodwala ayenera kukaonana ndi dokotala.
Ngati wodwala akudwala m'mimba ndimatenda a shuga, izi zitha kuwonetsa kupita patsogolo kwa matendawa komanso zovuta zina. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo amayenera kuunikidwa kwathunthu kuti adziwe zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka kwam'mimba, ndikutsatira malangizo onse a dokotala ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga. Kanemayo munkhaniyi amafotokoza za matenda ashuga.
