Mankhwala, ambiri amavomerezeka kuti mulingo wabwinobwino wa glycemic suyenera kupitirira mayunitsi 5.5, ndipo chithunzi chomwe chatchulidwa ndicho malire apamwamba a chizolowezi chosala magazi. Magulu a glucose samadalira umunthu, komabe, amatha kusiyanitsidwa malinga ndi njira yomwe angatengere zinthu zachilengedwe.
Magazi amaperekedwa m'mawa, nthawi zambiri kuyambira 8.00 mpaka 11.00, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti pafupifupi maola 8 izi zisanachitike, musadye chakudya, perekani mowa, kusuta, khofi. Madzi asanafike paphwandopo amamwa nthawi zonse, kupatula zakumwa ndi shuga, tiyi wakuda wamphamvu.
Ngati magazi aperekedwa kuchokera pachala, zotsatira zabwino zimasiyana kuchokera pa 3,3 mpaka 5.5 kuti mudziwe momwe magazi amadzipaka, ziwerengero zomwe zimapezeka zimachulukitsa ndi 12%. Nthawi zina miyambo ya glycemia imatha kutengera zaka zomwe wodwalayo ali, munthu wamkulu, kuchuluka kwake kwa shuga.
Ngati munthu ali ndi shuga wambiri, vutoli limakhala lowopsa ku thanzi. Ndi hyperglycemia yomwe imatenga nthawi yayitali, vuto lokhalitsa kwakanthawi limayamba:
- matenda ashuga ketoacidosis;
- hyperosmolar coma.
Kusintha kosinthasintha kwa glucose pakadali pano kulinso kwangozi, kumakhudza mkhalidwe wamiyendo yam'munsi, mitsempha yamagazi, maso ndi impso za wodwalayo. Ngati chithandizo sichinatenge chithandizo mwachangu, shuga amatha kudumpha mpaka 32 mmol / lita, yomwe ikhoza kupha.
Zomwe zimayambitsa, kuzindikira ndi zizindikiro
Magazi a shuga amatha kusiyanasiyana pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri akamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, masewera olimbitsa thupi, zochitika zovuta komanso nthawi yapakati. Zakudya zopanda pake, zosokoneza bongo, kusintha kwa ma horoni kungayambitse mavuto ndi shuga.
Pamaso pa matenda a endocrine, kupangika kwa mahomoni kumasokonezeka, tikulankhula za matenda a Cushing, pheochromocytoma, thyrotoxicosis. Poterepa, shuga akachuluka, zimapangitsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mahomoni.
Njira za metabolism mu thupi zitha kusokonezeka ndi ma pathologies a kapamba, zilonda zapakhosi ndi benign neoplasms. Nthawi zambiri, kudumphira mu glucose kumadziwika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali, mankhwala a steroid, okodzetsa komanso mapiritsi othandizira kubereka.
Matenda a chiwindi amakhudzanso zizindikiro za glycemia, matenda monga awa:
- matenda ena;
- hepatitis;
- zotupa.
Choyambirira kuchita ngati shuga wamagazi wawonjezereka mpaka 32mmol / lita imodzi, chotsani zomwe zimayambitsa izi. Milandu yokhayokha ya hyperglycemia singatchulidwe kuti ndi chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga, koma pankhaniyi ndikofunikira kuchita zonse zomwe zingatheke kuti vutoli lisabwerenso.
Muyenera kuonanso momwe mumadyera, muyenera kuyeza mulingo wa shuga pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera cha glucometer kapena kupita ku chipatala kuti mukaunikidwe. Koma malingaliro akuti azichita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi mitundu ina yolimbitsa thupi pankhaniyi siothandiza, chifukwa izi zitha kupangitsa kuti glycemia iwonjezeke.
Wodwala ayenera kukumbukira kuti zida zapakhomo zothandizira kudziwa momwe glucose amayendera nthawi zonse zimakonzedwa kuti athe kuyeza magazi m'magazi, chifukwa chake zomwe zimapezeka muzochitika zilizonse zidzatsitsidwa ndi 12%. Kafukufuku amafunikira kangapo masana, ngati kale zizindikiro za glycemia zinali 32, koma matenda a shuga sapezeka mwa anthu. Njira imeneyi imathandizira kupewa kutalika kwa matendawa munthawi yake ndikuchotsa zomwe zingayambitse matenda.
Ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga, adokotala amalimbikitsa kuyesa kwina kwa glucose, kumakuthandizani kudziwa mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga - prediabetes. Nthawi zambiri, kafukufuku woterewa amafunika kuti athetse shuga komanso vuto la shuga.
Kusantikako sikumalandira anthu onse, koma kwa odwala onenepa kwambiri omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 40 kapena omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga.
Kuphatikiza pa kusintha kwa zizindikiro za glucose mwa anthu, Zizindikiro zake zimadziwika:
- kuchulukana kwambiri komanso pafupipafupi;
- kutopa kwambiri, kufooka, kupanda chidwi;
- kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono mu mtundu wa mawonekedwe;
- chitetezo chofooka chitetezo, pafupipafupi matenda opatsirana;
- kuyabwa kwa khungu;
- kutsika kapena kuchuluka kwa chilala pakati pa kuwonda msanga kapena kuwonda.
Zizindikiro zotere, limodzi ndi mndandanda wa glycemic wa 32, zimapereka kulumikizana mwachangu ndi dokotala komanso kuyambika kwa maphunziro.
Zakudya motsutsana ndi shuga wamkulu
Kugogoda shuga kumathandiza ndi zakudya zapadera zamankhwala zomwe zimapangitsa kuti muchepetse zakudya zamafuta ambiri othamanga. Ngati matenda amtundu wachiwiri wa shuga ndi kunenepa kwambiri wapezeka, ndiye kuti zakudya zamafuta ochepa. Pankhaniyi, kuchepa kwa mchere ndi mavitamini ayenera kulipidwa.
Munthu ayenera kukhala ndi zakudya zokwanira pamenyu zomwe zimakhala ndi zovuta zamafuta, mafuta, komanso mapuloteni. Ndikofunikira kupatsa chidwi ndi chakudya momwe otsika glycemic index. Zizindikiro za shuga wambiri zimatha kuthetsedwa kokha chifukwa cha chakudya chopatsa thanzi.
Malangizo ofunikanso a hyperglycemia ndikusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya, kuyenera kudya nthawi zambiri m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Payenera kukhala zakudya zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi patsiku, zomwe zitatu zazikuluzikulu zitatu ndi zitatu. Wodwala ayenera kudziwa zakudya zoletsedwa ndi shuga wambiri monga kuphika, koloko, tchipisi ndi zakudya zina zopanda thanzi.
Zakudya ziyenera kuphatikizapo:
- chipatso
- masamba
- nyama yokonda;
- nsomba
- nyemba.
Amayang'anira momwe mulingo wamadzi ndi shuga ochulukira m'magazi, ndikofunikira kumwa osachepera malita ndi theka a madzi patsiku. Ndi hyperglycemia, thupi limayesetsa kuthamangitsa shuga ndi mkodzo, chifukwa, munthu amakakamizidwa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ambiri komanso madzi. Ndikofunika kumwa madzi oyera kapena kuwonjezera madzi a mandimu pang'ono. Ndikothekanso kuuthira ndi madzi, chifukwa chitha kumwa madzi.
Pokhapokha ngati izi zachitika pomwe wodwalayo sadzakhalanso ndi shuga 32.
Momwe mungachepetse shuga ndi magazi ndikukhala bwino
Si chinsinsi kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo sikuthandizira kuthetsa zomwe zimayambitsa shuga wambiri mthupi, zimangothandiza kuchepetsa zizindikiritso za izi. Komanso, thandizo la madokotala liyenera kupezeka m'moyo wa wodwalayo nthawi zonse.
Pamene gawo loyambirira la shuga kapena kudumpha mu glucose silikugwirizana ndi zovuta za metabolic, mankhwala amchikhalidwe amathandizira kuchepetsa matenda a glycemia.
Nthawi zina, shuga wambiri amatha kutsitsidwa mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala apadera. Mapiritsi oterewa amathandizira kupangitsa kuti insulini ya mahomoni ipangidwe chifukwa cha kutulutsa kwakunja (kugwiritsa ntchito nkhokwe zamkati).
Pa chithandizo, zotsatirazi ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa:
- kusala shuga m'magazi osaposa 6.5 mmol / l, mutatha kudya - 8 mmol / l;
- kupewa kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zotumphukira;
- kusintha kwa magazi mu minofu ndi ziwalo zamkati.
Zatsimikiziridwa mobwerezabwereza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala nthawi imodzi, ndizotheka kusintha njira zama metabolic. Pachifukwa ichi, kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Ngati chifukwa chowonjezeka cha glycemia chikugwirizana ndi matenda amtundu 1, adokotala amafotokoza jakisoni wa insulin. Chofunikira kwambiri pakubwezeretsa matendawa ndikuti muyenera kugwetsa magazi pang'onopang'ono, apo ayi, thanzi lanu limakulanso.
Wodwala akakhala ndi matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis, jakisoni wa insulin yekhayo sikokwanira, chifukwa thupi limapatsidwa poizoni. Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo aziganiza zofunikira pakuwasiya, ayenera kuyikidwa ndi katswiri wazachipatala.
Pomaliza, ziyenera kudziwika kuti mndandanda wama shuga a magazi omwe ali ndi mfundo za 32 samangokhala manambala, ndimayendedwe oyipa kwambiri mthupi la munthu, omwe amakhala ndi zovuta, zovuta komanso ngakhale kufa kwa wodwalayo. Musanagwiritse ntchito njira iliyonse yachipatala, muyenera kufunafuna thandizo la dokotala, kupimidwa kwathunthu, ndikuyezetsa magazi.
Kanemayo munkhaniyi akupereka malingaliro ochepetsa shuga m'magazi kunyumba.
